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{{SPlantbox
{{SPlantbox
|familia=Caprifoliaceae
|genus=Linnaea
|genus=Linnaea
|species=borealis
|common_name=Twinflower
|habit=shrub
|Min ht metric=cm
|Min ht metric=cm
|Temp Metric=°F
|Temp Metric=°F
|image=Upload.png
|image=Linnaea borealis.jpg
|image_width=240
|image_width=240
}}
}}
For L. floribunda, Braun & Vatke, and other species, see Abelia.
For L. floribunda, Braun & Vatke, and other species, see Abelia.
}}
}}
It has a [[circumpolar]] distribution in moist subarctic to cool temperate [[forest]]s, extending further south at high altitudes in [[mountain]]s, in [[Europe]] south to the [[Alps]], in [[Asia]] south to northern [[Japan]], and North America south to northern [[California]] and [[Arizona]] in the west, and [[Tennessee]] in the [[Appalachian Mountains]] in the east.
It has a [[circumpolar]] distribution in moist subarctic to cool temperate [[forest]]s, extending further south at high altitudes in [[mountain]]s, in [[Europe]] south to the [[Alps]], in [[Asia]] south to northern [[Japan]], and North America south to northern [[California]] and [[Arizona]] in the west, and [[Tennessee]] in the [[Appalachian Mountains]] in the east.
It is the only species in its genus, but there are three recognised subspecies:
In [[Great Britain]], the twinflower grows in mainly open [[pine]] woodlands in [[Scotland]] and northernmost [[England]]. [[Forester]]s consider this plant to be an [[indicator species]] of [[ancient woodland]]s, often found in association with [[Creeping Lady's Tresses]]. It is listed as "nationally scarce". It is found in about 50 sites around the country, with most situated in the woods around the [[Cairngorms]]; the southernmost locations are four sites in [[Northumberland]] and one in [[County Durham]]. The sparseness of the sites is responsible for the continued decline of the flower in the country.
==Cultivation==
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===Propagation===
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===Pests and diseases===
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==Species==
Linnaea borealis is the only species in its genus, but there are three recognised subspecies:
*''Linnaea borealis'' subsp. ''borealis'' - Europe
*''Linnaea borealis'' subsp. ''borealis'' - Europe
*''Linnaea borealis'' subsp. ''americana'' - North America
*''Linnaea borealis'' subsp. ''americana'' - North America
*''Linnaea borealis'' subsp. ''longiflora'' - Asia
*''Linnaea borealis'' subsp. ''longiflora'' - Asia
==Gallery==
{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery -->
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Linnaea_borealis_15030.JPG
Image:Linnaea_borealis_15030.JPG
</gallery>
</gallery>
[[Category:Caprifoliaceae]]
==References==
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 -->
==External links==
*{{wplink}}
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