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Caraway (view source)

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{{Inc|Caraway (Carum Carvi, Linn.). Umbelliferae. A biennial or annual herb grown for its seeds, which are used in flavoring bread, cakes and cheese; also occasionally for the young shoots and leaves, which are eaten. It grows a foot or two high, has finely-cut, pinnately compound foliage, and small white flowers, in umbels. It is of the easiest culture. The seed is usually sown in spring and the crop of seed taken the following year. It thrives in any garden soil. The plant occasionally runs wild. See Carum.
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''LATINNAME''  <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->
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| common_names =    <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Upload.png  <!--- Freesia.jpg -->
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption =    <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = Apiales
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| familia = Apiaceae
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| genus = Carum
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| species =
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| subspecies =
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| cultivar =
 
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{{Taxobox
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{{Inc|
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| color = lightgreen
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Caraway (Carum Carvi, Linn.). Umbelliferae. A biennial or annual herb grown for its seeds, which are used in flavoring bread, cakes and cheese; also occasionally for the young shoots and leaves, which are eaten. It grows a foot or two high, has finely-cut, pinnately compound foliage, and small white flowers, in umbels. It is of the easiest culture. The seed is usually sown in spring and the crop of seed taken the following year. It thrives in any garden soil. The plant occasionally runs wild. See [[Carum]].{{SCH}}
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| name = Caraway
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| status =
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secure
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| image = Koeh-172.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Apiales]]
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| familia = [[Apiaceae]]
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| genus = ''[[Carum]]''
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| species = '''''C. carvi'''''
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| binomial = ''Carum carvi''
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| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
   
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'''Caraway''' or '''Persian cumin''' ''(Carum carvi)'' is a [[Biennial plant|biennial]] [[plant]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Apiaceae]], native to [[Europe]] and western [[Asia]].
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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The plant is similar in appearance to a [[carrot]] plant, with finely divided, feathery leaves with thread-like divisions, growing on 20–30 cm stems. The main [[flower]] stem is 40–60 cm tall, with small white or pink flowers in [[umbel]]s. Caraway [[fruit]]s, (erroneously called [[seed]]s) are [[crescent]]-shaped [[achene]]s, around 2 mm long, with five pale ridges.
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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The plant prefers warm, sunny locations and well-drained [[soil]].
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===Pests and diseases===
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===Cultivation and uses===
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==Species==
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[[Image:Carawayseeds.JPG|left|thumb|Caraway fruits]]
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<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
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The [[fruit]]s, usually used whole, have a pungent, [[anise]]-like flavor and aroma that come from essential oils, mostly [[carvone]] and [[limonene]]. They are used as a [[spice]] in [[bread]]s especially [[rye bread]].
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Caraway is also used in [[liquor]]s, [[casserole]]s, and other foods, especially in [[Central Europe]]an and [[Scandinavia]]n cuisine, for instance [[sauerkraut]]. It is also used to add flavor to [[cheese]]s such as [[havarti]]. [[Akvavit]] and several [[liqueur]]s are also made with caraway, and a [[tisane]] made from the seeds is good for [[colic]], loss of appetite, digestive disorders and to dispel worms. Caraway seed oil is also used as a fragrance component in [[soap]]s, [[lotion]]s, and [[perfume]]s.
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The [[root]]s may be cooked as a [[root vegetable]] like [[parsnip]]s or carrots.
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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In one of the [[short stories]] in [[Dubliners]] by [[James Joyce]], a character eats caraway seeds to mask the [[Alcoholic beverage |alcohol]] on his breath.
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
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==Similar herbs==
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==References==
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[[Caraway thyme|Caraway Thyme]] has a strong caraway scent and is sometimes used as a substitute for real caraway in recipes.
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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== External links ==
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==External links==
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*[http://www.uni-graz.at/~katzer/engl/Caru_car.html Caraway] — Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages.
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*{{wplink}}
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{{Herbs & spices}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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{{Commons|Carum carvi}}
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[[Category:Apiaceae]]
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[[Category:Apiaceae]]
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[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
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[[Category:Spices]]
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[[Category:Root vegetables]]
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[[Category:Arabic words and phrases]]
 
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