Difference between revisions of "Juglans regia"
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{{SPlantbox | {{SPlantbox | ||
| + | |familia=Juglandaceae | ||
| + | |genus=Juglans | ||
| + | |species=regia | ||
| + | |taxo_author=L. | ||
| + | |habit=tree | ||
| + | |lifespan=perennial | ||
| + | |exposure=sun | ||
| + | |features=edible | ||
|Temp Metric=°F | |Temp Metric=°F | ||
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks! | |jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks! | ||
| − | |image= | + | |image=English Walnuts.jpg |
|image_width=240 | |image_width=240 | ||
| + | |image_caption=Whole and shelled ''J. regia'' | ||
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The '''English Walnut''' (''Juglans regia''), also known as '''Common Walnut''' or '''Persian Walnut''', is a species of [[walnut]] that is native in a region stretching from the [[Balkans]] (in southeast [[Europe]]) eastward — all the way to the [[Himalaya]]s and southwest [[China]]. The largest forests are in [[Kyrgyzstan]], where English Walnut trees occur in extensive, nearly pure walnut forests at 1,000–2,000 m altitude (Hemery 1998)—notably at [[Arslanbob]] in [[Jalal-Abad Province]]. | The '''English Walnut''' (''Juglans regia''), also known as '''Common Walnut''' or '''Persian Walnut''', is a species of [[walnut]] that is native in a region stretching from the [[Balkans]] (in southeast [[Europe]]) eastward — all the way to the [[Himalaya]]s and southwest [[China]]. The largest forests are in [[Kyrgyzstan]], where English Walnut trees occur in extensive, nearly pure walnut forests at 1,000–2,000 m altitude (Hemery 1998)—notably at [[Arslanbob]] in [[Jalal-Abad Province]]. | ||
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==Cultivation and uses== | ==Cultivation and uses== | ||
| − | Persian walnut is originaly from Iran where it still can be found in nature and also is widely cultivated. The English Walnut was introduced into western and northern [[Europe]] very early, by [[Roman Empire|Roman]] times or earlier, and to [[the Americas]] by the 17th century | + | Persian walnut is originaly from Iran where it still can be found in nature and also is widely cultivated. The English Walnut was introduced into western and northern [[Europe]] very early, by [[Roman Empire|Roman]] times or earlier, and to [[the Americas]] by the 17th century. It is cultivated extensively for its high-quality nuts, eaten both fresh and pressed for their richly flavoured oil; numerous [[cultivar]]s have been selected for larger and thin-shelled nuts. |
| − | + | {{Inc| | |
| + | Juglans regia, linn. Persian or English Walnut. Round-headed tree, to 70 ft.: lfts. 5-13, oblong or oblong-ovate, acute or acuminate, almost glabrous, bright green, 2-5 in. long: fr. almost globular, green; nut usually oval, reticulate and rather smooth, rather thin-shelled. S. E. Eu. Himalayas, China. U.S. Many varieties are cult, as fr. trees, for which see Walnut. var. sinensis, DC. (J. sinensis, Dode). Lfts. usually 5, larger, pubescent on the veins below: nut globose-ovoid, very rugose. China, Japan. SOf the ornamental varieties the most distinct and decorative is var. laciniata, Loud. (var. filicifolia, Hort. var. asplenifolia, Hort.), with narrow, pinnately cut lfts.; very effective as a single specimen on the lawn; remains usually shrubby. M.D.G. 1908:617. var. monophylla, DC., has the lvs. simple or 3-foliolate. var. pendula, Kirchn., has pendulous branches. Var. fSrtilis, Kirchn. (var. frulicosa, Dipp. var. prapar- turiens, hort.), is a shrubby variety producing rather small, thin-shelled nuts on very young plants. Var. Bartheriana, Carr. (var. elongata, Hort.). Nut elongated, narrow- oblong. var. corcyrensis, Sprenger. Lvs. large, to 2 ft. long; lfts. 9, the lowest pair very small, the upper pairs broadly ovate, about 8 in. long and 5 in. broad: nut rather thick-shelled. J. Duclouxiana, Dode, from the Himalayas and W.China with more elliptic and more acuminate lfts. and nuts with thin fragile shell, is probably only a variety of J. regia. | ||
| + | }} | ||
| − | == | + | ==Cultivation== |
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| − | + | ===Propagation=== | |
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| − | == | + | ===Pests and diseases=== |
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| − | + | ==Varieties== | |
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| + | ==Gallery== | ||
| − | <gallery> | + | <gallery perrow=5> |
| + | Image:Upload.png| photo 1 | ||
Image:Walnut02.jpg|English Walnut nuts | Image:Walnut02.jpg|English Walnut nuts | ||
Image:Shelled English Walnuts 2331px.jpg|Shelled walnuts in a cup | Image:Shelled English Walnuts 2331px.jpg|Shelled walnuts in a cup | ||
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</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
| + | ==References== | ||
| + | <references/> | ||
| + | *[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963 | ||
| + | <!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 --> | ||
| + | <!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 --> | ||
| + | <!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 --> | ||
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| + | ==External links== | ||
| + | *{{wplink}} | ||
| − | + | {{stub}} | |
| − | + | __NOTOC__ | |
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Latest revision as of 23:58, 31 March 2010
| Habit | tree
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|---|---|---|
| Lifespan: | ⌛ | perennial |
| Exposure: | ☼ | sun |
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| Features: | ✓ | edible |
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Juglans > |
regia > |
L. > |
If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
The English Walnut (Juglans regia), also known as Common Walnut or Persian Walnut, is a species of walnut that is native in a region stretching from the Balkans (in southeast Europe) eastward — all the way to the Himalayas and southwest China. The largest forests are in Kyrgyzstan, where English Walnut trees occur in extensive, nearly pure walnut forests at 1,000–2,000 m altitude (Hemery 1998)—notably at Arslanbob in Jalal-Abad Province.
English Walnut is a large deciduous tree attaining heights of 25–35 m, and a trunk up to 2 m diameter, commonly with a short trunk and broad crown, though taller and narrower in dense forest competition. It is a light-demanding species, requiring full sun to grow well.
The bark is smooth, olive-brown when young and silvery-grey on older branches, with scattered broad fissures with a rougher texture. Like all walnuts, the pith of the twigs contains air spaces, the chambered pith brownish in colour. The leaves are alternately arranged, 25-40 cm long, odd-pinnate with 5–9 leaflets, paired alternately with one terminal leaflet. The largest leaflets the three at the apex, 10–18 cm long and 6–8 cm broad; the basal pair of leaflets much smaller, 5–8 cm long, the margins of the leaflets entire. The male flowers are in drooping catkins 5–10 cm long, the female flowers terminal, in clusters of two to five, ripening in the autumn into a fruit with a green, semi-fleshy husk and a brown corrugated nut. The whole fruit, including the husk, falls in autumn; the seed is large, with a relatively thin shell, and edible, with a rich flavour.
Cultivation and uses
Persian walnut is originaly from Iran where it still can be found in nature and also is widely cultivated. The English Walnut was introduced into western and northern Europe very early, by Roman times or earlier, and to the Americas by the 17th century. It is cultivated extensively for its high-quality nuts, eaten both fresh and pressed for their richly flavoured oil; numerous cultivars have been selected for larger and thin-shelled nuts.
Read about Juglans regia in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture
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Juglans regia, linn. Persian or English Walnut. Round-headed tree, to 70 ft.: lfts. 5-13, oblong or oblong-ovate, acute or acuminate, almost glabrous, bright green, 2-5 in. long: fr. almost globular, green; nut usually oval, reticulate and rather smooth, rather thin-shelled. S. E. Eu. Himalayas, China. U.S. Many varieties are cult, as fr. trees, for which see Walnut. var. sinensis, DC. (J. sinensis, Dode). Lfts. usually 5, larger, pubescent on the veins below: nut globose-ovoid, very rugose. China, Japan. SOf the ornamental varieties the most distinct and decorative is var. laciniata, Loud. (var. filicifolia, Hort. var. asplenifolia, Hort.), with narrow, pinnately cut lfts.; very effective as a single specimen on the lawn; remains usually shrubby. M.D.G. 1908:617. var. monophylla, DC., has the lvs. simple or 3-foliolate. var. pendula, Kirchn., has pendulous branches. Var. fSrtilis, Kirchn. (var. frulicosa, Dipp. var. prapar- turiens, hort.), is a shrubby variety producing rather small, thin-shelled nuts on very young plants. Var. Bartheriana, Carr. (var. elongata, Hort.). Nut elongated, narrow- oblong. var. corcyrensis, Sprenger. Lvs. large, to 2 ft. long; lfts. 9, the lowest pair very small, the upper pairs broadly ovate, about 8 in. long and 5 in. broad: nut rather thick-shelled. J. Duclouxiana, Dode, from the Himalayas and W.China with more elliptic and more acuminate lfts. and nuts with thin fragile shell, is probably only a variety of J. regia.
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Cultivation
Propagation
Pests and diseases
Varieties
Gallery
photo 1
English Walnut nuts
Shelled walnuts in a cup
19th century illustration
English Walnut foliage and nuts
References
- Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture, by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
External links
- w:Juglans regia. Some of the material on this page may be from Wikipedia, under the Creative Commons license.
- Juglans regia QR Code (Size 50, 100, 200, 500)
