Difference between revisions of "Juglandaceae"

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{{Taxobox
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = ''Juglandaceae''
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| name = Juglandaceae
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| common_names =     <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = Juglans regia Broadview.jpg
 
| image = Juglans regia Broadview.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_width = 180px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = ''Juglans regia''
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| image_caption = Juglans regia
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = [[Fagales]]
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| ordo = Fagales
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| familia = '''Juglandaceae'''
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| familia = Juglandaceae
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| familia_authority = A. Richard ex [[Carl Sigismund Kunth|Kunth]]
 
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| subdivision_ranks = Genera
 
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| subdivision =
 
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''[[Alfaroa]]''<br/>
 
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''[[hickory|Carya]]'' (hickory and pecan)<br/>
 
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''[[Wingnut|Cyclocarya]]'' (wheel wingnut)<br/>
 
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''[[Engelhardia]]'' (cheo)<br/>
 
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''[[walnut|Juglans]]'' (walnut)<br/>
 
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''[[Oreomunnia]]''<br/>
 
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''[[Platycarya]]''<br/>
 
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''[[Wingnut|Pterocarya]]'' (wingnut)
 
 
}}
 
}}
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{{Inc|
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Juglandaceae (from the genus Juglans, a contraction of the Latin Jovis glans, the nut of Jupiter). Walnut Family. Fig. 15. Trees or shrubs, often resinous: leaves alternate, exstipulate, pinnately compound: flowers monoecious, small; the staminate in drooping catkins with single perianth of 4 parts, or rarely 0, one flower for each bract; the pistillate 2-3 together, with perianth of 4 parts adherent to the ovary as are also the bract and bracteole; ovary inferior, 1-celled; ovule 1, basal, orthotropous; stigmas usually 2- or 4-branched: fruit a nut with a fleshy exocarp, or bursting irregularly, or 4-valyed, or winged.
  
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The '''Juglandaceae''', also known as the Walnut Family, is a family of [[tree]]s, or sometimes shrubs, in the order Fagales. Various members of this family are native to the [[Americas]], [[Eurasia]], and [[Southeast Asia]].
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In this family are 6 genera and about 35 species of the north temperate zone. The largest genus is Carya with 10 species. The family is related to other Amentiferae, e.g., Myricaceae, Fagaceae, and Betulaceae. The indehiscent, 1-seeded fruit, basal seeds, 2 carpels, perianth and pinnate leaves are distinctive. Fossil species are known.
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[[Image:Walnut03.jpg|left|thumb|Nut of ''Juglans regia'']]
 
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Members of the walnut family have large aromatic leaves, that are usually alternate, but opposite in ''Alfaroa'', ''Oreomunnia''. The [[leaf|leaves]] are pinnately compound, or ternate, and usually 20-100 cm long.
 
  
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The trees are wind-pollinated, the flowers usually arranged in [[catkin]]s, and the [[fruit]] is a true botanical [[nut (fruit)|nut]]. <br clear = left>
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The wood of English walnut is highly valued, but that of Juglans nigra (black walnut) is one of the most valuable of woods. Hickory wood is prized for its hardness and toughness. The fruits of the English walnut (J. regia), butternut (J. cinerea), and of species of Carya (hickory) are among the most important food-nuts. The leaves and bark of Carya and Juglans are purgative. Green dyes are obtained from Carya tomentosa, and yellow from C. ovata, C. sulcata, and C. glabra. Walnut oil and hickory oil are in the trade.
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[[Image:Platycarya strobilacea1.jpg|left|thumb|Foliage and seed catkin of ''Platycarya strobilacea'']]
 
  
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There are eight genera in the family, including the commercially important [[nut (fruit)|nut]]-producing trees [[walnut]] (''Juglans''), [[pecan]] (''Carya illinoinensis''), and [[hickory]] (''Carya'').  The Persian walnut, ''[[Juglans regia]]'', is one of the major nut crops of the world. Walnut and hickory are also valuable timber trees.
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The cultivated genera in America are Carya or Hicoria (Hickory, Pecan, Bitternut, Pignut, Mockernut, Shellbark, Kingnut), native and hardy; Juglans (Walnut, Butternut, English Walnut), ornamental, fruit, and timber; Platycarya, ornamental; Pterocarya, ornamental.{{SCH}}
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}}
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==Genera==
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*''[[Alfaroa]]''
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*''[[hickory|Carya]]'' (hickory and pecan)
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*''[[Wingnut|Cyclocarya]]'' (wheel wingnut)
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*''[[Engelhardia]]'' (cheo)
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*''[[walnut|Juglans]]'' (walnut)
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*''[[Oreomunnia]]''
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*''[[Platycarya]]''
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*''[[Wingnut|Pterocarya]]'' (wingnut)
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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<gallery>
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Image:Platycarya strobilacea1.jpg|Foliage and seed catkin of ''Platycarya strobilacea''
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
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[[Category:Fagales]]
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==References==
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[[Category:Plant families]]
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
  
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
  
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{{fruit-tree-stub}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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[[Category:Plant families]]

Latest revision as of 04:17, 5 May 2009


Juglans regia


Plant Characteristics
Cultivation
Scientific Names

Juglandaceae >



Read about Juglandaceae in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Juglandaceae (from the genus Juglans, a contraction of the Latin Jovis glans, the nut of Jupiter). Walnut Family. Fig. 15. Trees or shrubs, often resinous: leaves alternate, exstipulate, pinnately compound: flowers monoecious, small; the staminate in drooping catkins with single perianth of 4 parts, or rarely 0, one flower for each bract; the pistillate 2-3 together, with perianth of 4 parts adherent to the ovary as are also the bract and bracteole; ovary inferior, 1-celled; ovule 1, basal, orthotropous; stigmas usually 2- or 4-branched: fruit a nut with a fleshy exocarp, or bursting irregularly, or 4-valyed, or winged.

In this family are 6 genera and about 35 species of the north temperate zone. The largest genus is Carya with 10 species. The family is related to other Amentiferae, e.g., Myricaceae, Fagaceae, and Betulaceae. The indehiscent, 1-seeded fruit, basal seeds, 2 carpels, perianth and pinnate leaves are distinctive. Fossil species are known.

The wood of English walnut is highly valued, but that of Juglans nigra (black walnut) is one of the most valuable of woods. Hickory wood is prized for its hardness and toughness. The fruits of the English walnut (J. regia), butternut (J. cinerea), and of species of Carya (hickory) are among the most important food-nuts. The leaves and bark of Carya and Juglans are purgative. Green dyes are obtained from Carya tomentosa, and yellow from C. ovata, C. sulcata, and C. glabra. Walnut oil and hickory oil are in the trade.

The cultivated genera in America are Carya or Hicoria (Hickory, Pecan, Bitternut, Pignut, Mockernut, Shellbark, Kingnut), native and hardy; Juglans (Walnut, Butternut, English Walnut), ornamental, fruit, and timber; Platycarya, ornamental; Pterocarya, ornamental.CH


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Genera

Gallery

If you have a photo of this plant, please upload it! Plus, there may be other photos available for you to add.

  • Foliage and seed catkin of Platycarya strobilacea

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

External links

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