94,129
edits
Changes
no edit summary
Line 1:
Line 1:
{{Taxobox | color = lightgreen+| name = Elecampane+
−| image = Koeh-210.jpg+
−| image_width = 250px+| regnum = [[Plantae]]+
−| phylum = [[Magnoliophyta]]+
−| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]+| ordo = [[Asterales]]
−| familia = [[Asteraceae]]
−| tribus = [[Inuleae]]
−| genus = ''[[Inula]]''
−| species = '''''I. helenium'''''
−| binomial = ''Inula helenium''
−}}
−'''Elecampane''', also called '''Horse-heal''' (''Inula helenium'') or '''Marchalan''' (in [[Welsh]]), is a [[Perennial plant|perennial]] [[composite plant]] common in many parts of [[Great Britain]], and ranges throughout central and [[Southern Europe]], and in [[Asia]] as far eastwards as the [[Himalayas]].
−It is a rather rigid [[herb]], the [[Plant stem|stem]] of which attains a height of from 3 to 5 feet; the [[leaves]] are large and toothed, the lower ones stalked, the rest embracing the stem; the [[flower]]s are yellow, 2 inches broad, and have many rays, each three-notched at the extremity. The root is thick, branching and mucilaginous, and has a warm, bitter taste and a [[camphoraceous]] [[odor]]. +[[Image:Inule helenium.jpg|thumb|left|230px]]
−For [[medicinal]] purposes it should be procured from plants not more than two or three years old. Besides [[inulin]], C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>20</sub>O<sub>10</sub>, a body [[isomeric]] with [[starch]], the [[root]] contains [[helenin]], C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O, a [[stearoptene]], which may be prepared in white acicular [[crystal]]s, insoluble in water, but freely soluble in [[alcohol]]. When freed from the accompanying inula-camphor by repeated crystallization from alcohol, helenin melts at 110° C. By the ancients the root was employed both as a medicine and as a [[condiment]], and in [[England]] it was formerly in great repute as an aromatic tonic and stimulant of the secretory [[organ (anatomy)|organ]]s. As a drug, however, the root is now seldom resorted to except in [[veterinary]] practice, though it is undoubtedly possessed of [[antiseptic]] properties.
−In [[France]] and [[Switzerland]] it is used in the manufacture of [[absinthe]].+The plant's specific name, ''helenium'', derives from [[Helen of Troy]]; elecampane is said to have sprung up from where her tears fell. It was sacred to the ancient [[Celts]], and once had the name "elfwort".<ref>Howard, Michael. ''Traditional Folk Remedies'' (Century, 1987); p135</ref>
−[[John Gerard]] recommended elecampane for "the shortness of breath"; today herbalists prescribe it as an [[expectorant]] and for [[water retention]]; it also is claimed to have [[antiseptic]] properties. It has minor applications as a [[tonic]] and to bring on [[menstruation]].<ref>Howard, Michael. ''Traditional Folk Remedies'' (Century, 1987); p136</ref>+{{Commons|Inula helenium}}+
+[[Category:Asteraceae]]+[[Category:Flora of Asia]]+[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
−[[Category:Medicinal plants]]
{{SPlantbox
{{SPlantbox
+|familia=Asteraceae
+|genus=Inula
+|species=helenium
+|taxo_author=L.
+|common_name=Elecampane
|Temp Metric=°F
|Temp Metric=°F
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
−|image=Upload.png
+|image=Inule helenium.jpg
|image_width=240
|image_width=240
}}
}}
+'''Elecampane''', also called '''Horse-heal''' (''Inula helenium'') or '''Marchalan''' (in [[Welsh language|Welsh]]), is a [[Perennial plant|perennial]] [[composite plant]] common in many parts of [[Great Britain]], and ranges throughout central and [[Southern Europe]], and in [[Asia]] as far eastwards as the [[Himalayas]].
+
+It is a rather rigid [[herb]], the [[Plant stem|stem]] of which attains a height of from 3 to 5 feet; the [[leaves]] are large and toothed, the lower ones stalked, the rest embracing the stem; the [[flower]]s are yellow, 2 inches broad, and have many rays, each three-notched at the extremity. The root is thick, branching and mucilaginous, and has a warm, bitter taste and a [[camphoraceous]] [[odor]].
+
{{Inc|
{{Inc|
−Inula helenium, Linn. Elecampane. Fig. 1959. Tall, thick-stemmed: lvs. unequally dentate-serrate; root- lvs. elliptic-oblong, narrowed into a petiole; st.-lvs. half-clasping, cordate-oblong: outer involucral parts leafy, ovate. Wet, sandy and mountainous regions. Eu., N. Asia. Naturalized in Amer. — The roots are thick and carrot-like. For medicinal purposes, 2-year- old roots should be dug in Aug. lf older, they are likely to be stringy and woody.
+Inula helenium, Linn. Elecampane. Tall, thick-stemmed: lvs. unequally dentate-serrate; root- lvs. elliptic-oblong, narrowed into a petiole; st.-lvs. half-clasping, cordate-oblong: outer involucral parts leafy, ovate. Wet, sandy and mountainous regions. Eu., N. Asia. Naturalized in Amer. — The roots are thick and carrot-like. For medicinal purposes, 2-year- old roots should be dug in Aug. lf older, they are likely to be stringy and woody.
}}
}}
−==Cultivation==
−===Propagation===
−===Pests and diseases===
−==Varieties==
−==Gallery==
−==Folklore==
−==Herbalism==
+<gallery perrow=5>
−File:Koeh-210.jpg|
+Image:Upload.png| photo 1
+Image:Upload.png| photo 2
+Image:Upload.png| photo 3
+</gallery>
==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>
−*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
−{{1911}}
+<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
+<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 -->
+<!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 -->
+==External links==
+*{{wplink}}
−{{stub}}
−__NOTOC__
−