Difference between revisions of "Ribes"

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Ribes (probably derived from ribas, the Arabic name for Rheum Ribes,
 +
 +
or by some supposed to be the Latinized form of riebs, an old German
 +
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word for currant). Saxifragaceae. Currant. Gooseberry. Woody plants
 +
 +
partly grown for their edible fruits and partly for their handsome
 +
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flowers, fruits, or foliage.
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Unarmed or prickly shrubs with deciduous or rarely evergreen foliage:
 +
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lvs. alternate, often fascicled, simple, usually palmately lobed and
 +
 +
mostly plaited in the bud: fls. perfect or in some species dioecious,
 +
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5-merous, rarely 4-merous, in many-fld. to few-fld. racemes, or
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 +
solitary; calyx-tube cylindric to rotate, like the sepals usually
 +
 +
colored; petals usually smaller than the sepals, often minute, rarely
 +
 +
entirely wanting; stamens alternating with the petals, shorter or
 +
 +
longer than the sepals; ovary inferior, 1-celled; styles 1 or 2 (Fig.
 +
 +
3401): fr. a many-seeded pulpy berry, crowned by the remains of the
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calyx. —About 150 species in the colder and temperate regions of N.
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and S. Amer., N. and Cent. Asia, Eu., and N. Afr. The genus is
 +
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sometimes divided into two: the true Ribes with usually unarmed sts.,
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racemose fls., and jointed pedicels, and Grossularia (p. 1414) with
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prickly sts.; fls. solitary or in short 2-4-fld. racemes and with the
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 +
pedicels not jointed. The most recent monograph of the genus is by
 +
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Janczewski, Monographie des Groseilliers, 1907 (originally published
 +
 +
in Mem. Soc. Phys. Nat. Hist. Geneve, 35:199-517, with 202 figs.),
 +
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with important supplements in Bull. Acad. Sci. Cracovic, ser. B,
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1910-13. The N. American species are treated by Coville & Britton in
 +
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North American Flora, 22:193-225 (1908) under the two genera Ribes and
 +
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Grossularia. There are also descriptions and figures of the more
 +
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important species in Card's Bush Fruits, 444-84, figs. 80-109 (1911).
 +
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The currants and gooseberies are usually low, upright or less often
 +
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procumbent deciduous, rarely evergreen shrubs with prickly or unarmed
 +
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branches, small or medium-sized usually lobed leaves, with rather
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small solitary or racemose flowers often greenish or reddish and
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insignificant, but in some species white or brightly colored in shades
 +
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of red, scarlet, orange or yellow; the fruits also are often
 +
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attractive and either black, purple, scarlet, yellowish or greenish.
 +
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The flowers appear in spring with the leaves, and the fruits ripen in
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June or July, but in R. fasciculatum they do not mature until
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September and remain on the branches all winter. Most species are
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hardy North except the evergreen ones; also R. sanguineum, R. Roezlii,
 +
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R.
 +
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Lobbii, R. viscosissimum are not quite hardy North. The tender R.
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speciosum with fuchsia-like bright red flowers is perhaps the most
 +
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showy species of the genus, though also R. sanguineum, R. odoratum, R.
 +
 +
Gordonianum, R. Roezlii, R. Lobbii, R. pinetorum, R. cereum, R.
 +
 +
inebrians, R. niveum, and others are handsome in bloom, while some, as
 +
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R. alpinum and R. fasciculatum, have ornamental scarlet fruits. They
 +
 +
are well adapted for borders of shrubberies and, particularly the
 +
 +
procumbent kinds, for planting on slopes. R. alpinum is excellent for
 +
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shady places and as undergrowth. R. alpestre, a strong-growing and
 +
 +
very spiny gooseberry from western China, may prove valuable as a
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hedge-plant. Many species bear edible fruits; the most important are
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the domestic currant, R. vulgare, and the European gooseberry, R.
 +
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Grossularia; of less importance are the black currant, R. nigrum, the
 +
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Buffalo or Missouri currant, R. odoratum, the European R. rubrum and
 +
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some of the American gooseberries, as R. hirtellum, R. Cynosbati, R.
 +
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oxyacanthoides, R. setosum, R. inerme. These plants are mostly of easy
 +
 +
cultivation; they grow in any moderately good loamy soil, the
 +
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gooseberries preferring as a rule drier and sunnier positions, while
 +
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the currants like more humidity and grow well in partly shaded
 +
 +
situations. Propagation is by seeds which germinate readily; also by
 +
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hardwood cuttings in autumn and by greenwood cuttings in summer under
 +
 +
glass; mound-layering in summer is sometimes practised; budding or
 +
 +
grafting is usually resorted to only, if quick propagation of rare
 +
 +
varieties is desired. In Europe, currants and gooseberries are
 +
 +
sometimes grafted high on R. odoratum trained to one stem, to form
 +
 +
little standard trees. See also Currant and Gooseberry for
 +
 +
cultivation.
 +
 +
INDEX.
 +
acerifolium, 15. fructu-luteo, 9. opulifolium,18.
 +
aconitifolium, 9. fructu-viridi, 9. odoratum 1.
 +
albescens, 4. fuchsioides, 36. oxyacanthoides,24,
 +
albidum, 4 and suppl. fuscescens, 10. 26, 29.
 +
albinervium, 12. futurum, 15, suppl. pallidum, 16.
 +
alpestre, 32. giganteum, 32. palmatum, 1.
 +
alpinum, 18. glabellum, 16. pennsylvanicum, 8.
 +
americanum, 8. glabratum, 31. petraeum, 13.
 +
amictum, 34. glabrum, 30. pinetorum, 33.
 +
apiifolium, 9. glandulosum, 11. prostratum, 11.
 +
aridum, 34. glutinosum, 4 and pubescens, 16, 30.
 +
atropurpureum, 13. suppl. pubiflorum, 28.
 +
atrorubens 4. Gordonianum, 3. pumilum, 18.
 +
atrosanguineum, 4. Gouduinii, 15. Purpusii, 29.
 +
aureum, 1,2,18. gracile, 23, 26, 31. reclinatum, 30.
 +
bacciferum, 18. Grossularia, 30. reticulatum, 9.
 +
Beatonii, 3. heterophyllum, 9. rignes, 11.
 +
Berlandieri, 7. hirtellum, 26, 29. Roezlii, 34.
 +
Biebersteinii, 13. holosericeum, 16. rotundifolium, 23, 27.
 +
Billiardii, 17. hortense, 15. rubrum, 15, 16.
 +
bracteosum, 10. Houghtonianum, 15. rusticum, 26.
 +
Brocklebankii, 4. humile, 18. sanguineum, 4.
 +
bullatum, 13. inebrians, 7. sativum, 15.
 +
carneum, 4, 6. inerme, 29, 31. saxatile, 19.
 +
carpathicum, 13. irriguum, 28, 29, saximontanum, 25.
 +
caucasicum, 13. suppl. saxosum, 26.
 +
cereum, 6. japonicum, 17. scandicum, 16.
 +
chinense, 17. jasminiflorum, 2. Schlechtendalii, 16.
 +
chlorocarpum, 9. Koehneanum, 15. setosum, 25.
 +
chrysococcum, 2. laciniatum, 9, 18. Spaethianum, 7.
 +
crispum, 9. lacustre, 20. speciosum, 36.
 +
cruentum, 34. leiobotrys, 2. splendens, 4.
 +
curvatum, 22. Lobbii, 35. sterile, 18.
 +
Cynosbati, 31. longiflorum, 1. sylvestre, 16.
 +
diacantha, 19. Loudonii, 3. tenuiflorum, 2.
 +
dissectum, 9. macrobotrys, 13. triflorum, 27.
 +
divaricatum, 28. macrocarpum, 15. triste, 12.
 +
Douglasii, 28. marmoratum, 9. Uva-crispa, 30.
 +
farinosum, 6. missouriense, 1,8,23. variegatum, 9, suppl.
 +
fasciculatum, 17. montanum, 28. villosum, 28.
 +
flore-pleno, 4. multiflorum, 14. viscosissimum, 5.
 +
floridum, 8. nevadense, 29. vulgare, 15.
 +
foliis-aureis, 18. nigrum, 9. Wilsonianum, 34.
 +
fragrans, 1. niveum, 21. xanthocarpum, 9.
 +
 +
Key To The Species.
 +
 +
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R. aciculare, Smith. Allied to R. Grossularia. Spiny shrub: branches
 +
slender, bristly: lvs. 3-5-lobed, usually glabrous, about 1 in. broad:
 +
fls. pinkish; sepals reflexed; style glabrous: fr. smooth, rarely
 +
hispid, red or greenish yellow. Cent. Siberia, Altai Mts. The earliest
 +
gooseberry to burst into leaf.—R. affine, Douglas= R. laxiflorum.—R.
 +
albidum, Paxt.=R. glutinosum albidum.—R. ambiguum, Maxim. Low unarmed
 +
shrub: lvs. roundish, 3-5- lobed, with short. obtuse lobes,
 +
viscid-glandular beneath, to 2 in. broad: fls. 1-2, greenish; tube
 +
saucer-shaped; stamens shorter than sepals: fr. green,
 +
glandular-bristly. Japan.—R. ambiguum, Wats.=R. Watsonianum.—R.
 +
burejense, F. Schmidt. Allied to R. alpestre. Spiny and bristly shrub,
 +
to 3 ft.: lvs. deeply 3-5-lobed, pubescent and glandular, to 2 in.
 +
broad: fls. 1-2, reddish brown or pale: fr. greenish, prickly. N. E.
 +
Asia.—R. californicum, Hook. & Arn.=R. occidentale.—R, Carrierei,
 +
Schneid. (R. intermedium, Carr., not Tausch. R. glutinosum albidum X
 +
R. nigrum). Intermediate between the parents: lvs. without the odor of
 +
R. nigrum: fls. pink, glandular, in horizontal racemes to 3 in. long:
 +
fr. black, not bloomy. Originated with Billiard at
 +
Fontenay-aux-Roses., France.—R. cognalum, Greene (R. palousense,
 +
Elmer). Allied to R. oxyacanthoides. Spiny shrub to 10 ft., sometimes
 +
without bristles: fls. 2-5. white or whitish; calyx-tube cylindric,
 +
longer than sepals; stamens about half as long as sepals: fr. smooth.
 +
Wash., Ore.—R. coloradense, Cov. (R. laxiflorum var. coloradense,
 +
Jancz.). Allied to R. glandulosum. Unarmed procumbent shrub: lvs.
 +
usually 5-lobed: sepals longer, glandular-pubescent outside: fr.
 +
black, not bloomy. Colo.—R. Culverwelli, Macfarlane (R. Schneideri,
 +
Maurer. R. nigrum X R. Grossularia). Unarmed shrub: fls. similar to
 +
those of R. nigrum; the glandless lvs. and the infl. resembling those
 +
of the gooseberry: fr. dark red, hairy. G.C. III. 12:271; 44:120.
 +
J.H.S. 28, pp. 169-73. Originated in England and afterward also in
 +
Germany. Var. wollense (R. wollense, Bean). Lvs. with a few glands
 +
beneath: fr. glabrous, shining black.—R. dikuscha, Fisch. Allied to R.
 +
bracteosum. Unarmed shrub: lvs. 3-5-lobed, glabrous, glandular
 +
beneath, to 5 in. broad: fls. white, tomentose, in upright racemes to
 +
3 in. long; bracts linear, small: fr. bluish black, slightly bloomy.
 +
E. Siberia.—R. erythrospermum, Cov. & Leiberg. Allied to R.
 +
glandulosum. Unarmed prostrate shrub: lvs. deeply 3-5-lobed, finely
 +
pubescent and glandular: racemes erect, (6-10-fld.; bracts about as
 +
long as pedicels; fls. yellow or salmon-colored: fr. glandular-hairy,
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scarlet. Ore. G.F. 10:184.—R. fontenayense. Jancz. (R. sanguineum
 +
fontenayense, Hort. R. Grossularia X R.sanguineum). Intermediate
 +
between the parents: unarmed shrub: lvs. subcoriaceous, pubescent
 +
beneath: racemes horizontal or pendulous, stalked, 3-6-fld.; fls.
 +
vinous-red, pubescent: fr. purplish black. Originated in France with
 +
Billiard at Fontenay-aux-Roses.—R. futurum, Jancz. (R. vulgare X R.
 +
Warscewiczii). Intermediate between the parents: fls. brownish red or
 +
pinkish: fr. dark red. Raised by Janczewski at Lemberg, Galicia.—R.
 +
Gayanum, Steud. (R. villosum. Gay, not Nutt. R. trilobum, Mey.).
 +
Evergreen unarmed shrub, to 4 ft., with pubescent branches: lvs.
 +
slightly 3-lobed, pubescent, 1-2 in. across: fls. dioecious, yellow,
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honey-scented, in erect dense pubescent racemes 1-2 in. long: fr.
 +
purple-black, hairy. Chile. B.M. 7611. Not hardy North.—R. Giraldii,
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Jancz. Allied to R. diacantha. Spiny shrub, to 2 ft., with spreading
 +
bristly branches: lvs. 3-5-lobed, the middle lobe longer, pubescent
 +
and glandular, about 1 1/2 in. broad: fls. dioecious, brownish, in
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upright racemes: fr. scarlet, glandular-bristly. N. W. China.—R.
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glaciale, Wall. Allied to R. alpinum. Unarmed shrub, to 15 ft.: lvs.
 +
cordate to truncate, 3-5-lobed, the middle lobe elongated,
 +
acute or acuminate, glandular, to 2 1/3 in. long: fls. dioecious,
 +
greenish
 +
white or purplish, in upright racemes: fr. glabrous, scarlet, finally
 +
black. Himalayas, W. China.—R. glutinosum, Benth. (R. sanguineum var.
 +
glutinosum, Loud.). Allied to R. sanguineum. Unarmed shrub, to 12 ft.,
 +
with glandular-viscid pubescence: lvs. cordate, 3-5-lobed, glandular
 +
beneath, otherwise nearly glabrous,to 4 in. broad: racemes pendulous, to 4 in. long; bracts recurved; fls. pink-carmine: fr. black, glandular-hairy. Calif. Var. albidum,
 +
Jancz. (R. sanguineum albidum, Kirchn. R. albidum, Paxt.). Fls. white,
 +
tinged pinkish, often confused with R. sanguineum var.
 +
albescens, which see.—R. Henryi, Franch. Evergreen unarmed shrub,
 +
glandular: lvs. elliptic, crenulate, to 4 in. long: fls. dioecious,
 +
small, greenish; pistillate racemes 7-9-fld., with large green bracts:
 +
fr. oblong, green, glandular. Cent. China.—R. himalayense, Decne.Allied to R. petraeum. Unarmed shrub, to 12 ft.: lvs. cordate, 3-5-lobed, with acute or obtusish lobes, glandular above, pubescent or glabrous beneath, to 5 in. broad: fls. greenish, tinged purple, in
 +
racemes to 5 in. long, broadly campanulate: fr. red or black.
 +
Himalayas, W. China.—R. hudsonianum, Rich. Allied to R. bracteosum.
 +
Unarmed shrub: lvs. 3-5-lobed, resinous-dotted beneath, 1 1/2-4 in.
 +
broad: fls. white, in loose racemes about 2 in. long; bracts
 +
setaceous, as long as the pedicel: fr. black, smooth. Hudson Bay to
 +
Alaska, south to N. Minn. B.B. (ed. 2) 2:237.— R. intergrifolium,
 +
Philippi. Evergreen unarmed shrub, to 3 ft.: lvs.
 +
coriaceous, lanceolate, dentate above the middle, glabrous, 1-1 2/4in.
 +
long: fls. dioecious, yellow, in pendent racemes 2/4-1 1/4 in. long:
 +
fr. small, purplish black. Chile; not hardy North. Gt. 30:1047.—R.
 +
irriguum, Douglas. Allied to R. oxyacanthoides. Spiny shrub, to 10
 +
ft., usually without bristles: lvs. 3-5-lobed, 1-2 1/2 in. broad: fls.
 +
whitish, the peduncle exceeding the bud-scales; sepals nearly twice as
 +
long as tube; stamens about as long as petals: fr. smooth. Brit. Col.
 +
to Ore., Mont., Idaho. Has been confused with R. cognatum, R.
 +
divaricatum, and R. inerme, which see.—R. japonicum, Maxim. Allied to
 +
R. bracteosum. Shrub, to 6 ft.: branchlets hairy: lvs. cordate,
 +
5-lobed, pubescent and glandular beneath, to 6 in. broad: fls.
 +
greenish or brownish, tomentose and glandular, in upright racemes to 8
 +
in. long; bracts linear: fr. black, smooth. Japan.—R. latifolium,
 +
Jancz. All ed to R. petraeum. Unarmed shrub, to 6 ft.: lvs. 3-5-lobed,
 +
with acute lobes, glabrous or glandular-hairy, to 7 in. broad: fls. in
 +
racemes to 3 1/2 in. long, blood-red, campanulate: fr. red, rather
 +
large. Japan, Manchuria.—R. laurifolium, Jancz. Evergreen shrub, to 6
 +
ft.: lvs. coriaceous, ovate to ovate-oblong, crenate-serrate,
 +
glabrous, 2—4 in. long: fls. dioecious, greenish, flat; stamens and
 +
petals much shorter than sepals; staminate racemes pendulous, 1-1 3/4
 +
in. long; pistillate upright, 2/4in.
 +
long: fr. ellipsoid, 2/3in. long, pubescent, reddish. W. China. B.M.
 +
8543. G.C. III. 55:239. Gn. 76, p. 143; 79, pp. 170, 171. J.H.S. 38,
 +
p. 54, fig. 36. Not hardy North.—R. laxiflorum, Pursh. Allied to R.
 +
glandulosum. Unarmed procumbent shrub: lvs. deeply
 +
5-lobed, slightly pubescent beneath, 2-4 in. broad: racemes
 +
upright-spreading; sepals longer, pubescent, but not glandular: fr.
 +
dark purple, bloomy, glandular. Alaska to N. Calif. Var. coloradense,
 +
Jancz.=R. coloradense.—R. lentum, Cov. & Rose=R. montigenum.—R.
 +
leptanthum, Gray. Spiny slender shrub, to 4 ft.; branchlets slightly
 +
pubescent: lvs. usually truncate, deeply 3-5-lobed, glabrous or
 +
pubescent, 1/4-3/4in. broad: fls. 1-3, white, tinged with pink;
 +
calyx-tube cylindric; sepals reflexed: fr. black, lustrous.
 +
Colo., Utah, New Mex. and Ariz. Gt. 53, p. 409. Graceful small shrub.
 +
Var. quercetorum, Jancz.=R. quercetorum.—R. longeracemosum, Franch.
 +
Allied to R. petraeum. Unarmed shrub, to 10 ft.: lvs. cordate,
 +
3-5-lobed. with acute or acuminate lobes, glabrous, to 6 in. broad:
 +
racemes pendulous, to 12 in. long, thinly set with greenish or pinkish
 +
fls.; calyx-tube broadly campanulate: sepals upright; bracts oval,
 +
half as long as the slender pedicels, persistent: fr. black, edible.
 +
W. China. Var. Wilsonii, Jancz. Young branchlets red: racemes shorter;
 +
fls. salmon-red. Cent. China.—R.
 +
luridum, Hook. f. & Thom. Allied to R. alpinum. Unarmed shrub;
 +
branchlets glabrous, red: lvs. 3-5-lobed, with obtusish lobes,
 +
glabrous or nearly so, glandular, to 2 in. broad: fls. dioecious, dark
 +
purple, in upright racemes, the staminate 1-2 in. long, the pistillate
 +
shorter: fr. black, glabrous. Himalayas, W. China.—R. malvaceum, Smith
 +
(R. sanguineum malvaceum, Loud.). Allied to R. sanguineum. Unarmed
 +
shrub: lvs. rough above, grayish tomentose and glandular beneath: fls.
 +
pink or purple, smaller, white-pubescent and glandular; tube longer
 +
than the sepals: fr. viscid-pubescent. Calif.—R. Marshallii, Greene.
 +
Allied to R. Lobbii. Spiny shrub with puberulent branchlets: lvs.
 +
deeply cordate, 3-5-lobed, glabrous, 1-1 1/2 in. wide: fls. solitary,
 +
large, purplish; sepals 1/2-2/3in. long; stamens slightly longer;
 +
petals salmon-pink: fr. purplish black, prickly. Calif.—R.
 +
Maximowiczii, Batal. Allied to R. alpinum. Shrub, to 10 ft.;
 +
branchlets pubescent: lvs. slightly 3-5-lobed, middle lobe much
 +
longer, or undivided and ovate, pubescent on both sides, 1 1/2-4 in.
 +
long: fls. dioecious, in upright racemes 1-2 in. long: fr.
 +
glandular-hairy, red. N. W. China.—R. Menriesii, Pursh (R.
 +
subvestitum, Hook. & Arn.). Allied to R. Lobbii. Spiny shrub, to 6
 +
ft.; branchlets pubescent and bristly: lvs. deeply 3-5-lobed,
 +
pubescent and glandular beneath, 1-2 in. broad: fls. purple, with
 +
white petals; stamens as long as the sepals, with ovate-lanceolate
 +
anthers: fr. glandular-bristly. Ore. to Calif. G.C. III. 45:242. R.H.
 +
1908, p. 31.—R. Meyeri, Maxim. Allied to R. petraeum. Unarmed shrub,
 +
to 10 ft.: lvs. usually 5-lobed, with acutish lobes, glabrous or
 +
glandular-hairy above, to 3 1/2 in. broad: racemes horizontal, lax, to
 +
2 in. long: fls. purplish, nearly sessile, small, with upright sepals:
 +
fr. black, lustrous. Cent. Asia, W. China. Var. turkestanicum, Jancz.
 +
Lvs. obtusely lobed: racemes longer; fls. blood-red. Turkestan.—R.
 +
mogollonicum, Greene=R. Wolfii.—R. molle, Howell, not Poepp.=R.
 +
montigenum.—R. montigenum, McClatchie (R. lacustre var. molle, Gray.
 +
R. lentum, Cov. & Rose). Allied to R. lacustre. Sts. bristly: lvs.
 +
pubescent and glandular: racemes few-fld.: fr. red, glandular-bristly,
 +
edible. Wash. to Mont., Idaho to New Mex.—R. moupinense, Franch.
 +
Allied to R. petraeum. Shrub, to 15 ft.: lvs. 3-5-lobed, with acute or
 +
acuminate lobes, sparingly glandular, otherwise glabrous, to 6 in.
 +
broad: racemes pendulous, loose, 1 1/2-5 in. long; fls. greenish
 +
tinged with red, or red; sepals upright: fr. black, lustrous. W.
 +
China.-R. nevadense, Kellogg R. sanguineum var. variegatum, Wats. R.
 +
variegatum, A. Nelson). Allied to R. sanguineum. Unarmed shrub: lvs.
 +
thin, 3-5-lobed, sparingly pubescent or glabrous: fls. smaller,
 +
rose-colored; sepals about twice as long as the tube; petals white:
 +
fr. blue, glaucous. Ore., Calif., Nev.—R. occidentale, Hook. & Arn.
 +
(R. californicum, Hook. & Arn.). Allied to R. Roezlii. Spiny shrub, to
 +
6 ft.: lvs. usually 5-lobed, glabrous or nearly so, about 1 in. broad:
 +
fls. green or purplish; calyx-tube about as long as broad; sepals
 +
glabrous, except a tuft of hairs at the apex; stamens as long as
 +
sepals: fr. prickly. Cent. Calif.—R. orientale, Desf. Allied to R.
 +
alpinum. Unarmed shrub, to 6 ft.: young growth glandular-viscid: lvs.
 +
lustrous above, pubescent beneath: fls. dioecious, greenish, tinged
 +
with red, glandular, in upright racemes 1-2 in. long: fr. red,
 +
pubescent. S. E. Eu., W. Asia. B.M. 1583 (as R. resinosum).—R.
 +
palousense, Elmer=R. cognatum.—R. pulchellum, Turcz. Allied to R.
 +
diacantha. Spiny shrub, to 6 ft., glabrous: lvs. truncate to
 +
subcordate, deeply 3-lobed, to 2 in. broad: fls. purplish, in upright
 +
racemes, the staminate to 2 1/3 in. long, the pistillate shorter: fr.
 +
large, red, glabrous. N. China, Transbaikal.—R. quercetorum, Greene.
 +
Spiny slender shrub, sometimes bristly: lvs. 3-5-cleft, finely
 +
pubescent or usually glabrous, 1/3-3/4in. long: fls. 2-3, pale
 +
yellowish with short-cylindric tube; petals shorter than the sepals, a
 +
little longer than the stamens: fr. smooth, purple. Cent. Calif. to
 +
Low. Calif.—R. resinosum, Pursh=R. orientale. —R. robustum, Jancz. (R.
 +
niveum X R. hirtellum). Intermediate between the parents. Spiny
 +
vigorous shrub, only the stronger shoots bristly: fls. white or
 +
pinkish, but sepals broader and shorter and filaments shorter and less
 +
pubescent than in R. niveum: fr. black. Origin unknown.—R. Saundersii,
 +
Jancz. (R. hudsonianum X R. nigrum). Intermediate between the parents:
 +
fls. pink, fading to whitish: fr. black. Originated in Ottawa.—R.
 +
stenocarpum, Maxim. Allied to R. alpestre. Spiny shrub, often bristly:
 +
lvs. cordate, 3-5-lobed, glabrous or pubescent, about 1 1/2in. across:
 +
fls. 1-3, short-peduncled, reddish or pale; calyx-tube campanulate,
 +
shorter than the reflexed sepals; stamens scarcely longer than petals:
 +
fr. oblong, 3/4-1 in. long, glabrous or hispid. N. W. China.—R.
 +
subvestitum, Hook. & Arn.=R. Menziesii.—R. succirubrum, Zabel (R.
 +
niveum X R. divaricatum). Intermediate between the parents. Lvs.
 +
similar to those of R. niveum: fls. pink or pinkish; stamens 1 1/2
 +
times as long as sepals:  fr. black, slightly pruinose. Originated at
 +
Gotha, Germany.—R. tenue, Jancz. Allied to R. alpinum. Unarmed slender
 +
shrub: lvs. 3-5-lobed, lobes acute, incisely dentate, the middle one
 +
longer, glandular, to 1 1/2 in. long: fls. reddish brown or greenish,
 +
dioecious, in upright racemes: fr. red. Cent. and W. China,
 +
Himalayas.—R. trilobum, Mey.=R. Gayanum.— R. urceolatum, Tausch (R.
 +
multiflorum X R. petraeum). Intermediate between the parents. Fls.
 +
reddish: fr. red. Origin unknown.—R. utile, Jancz. (R. Cynosbati X R.
 +
Grossularia). Intermediate between the parents. Lvs. similar to R.
 +
Grossularia: fls. slightly pubescent; ovary glabrous: fr. purplish,
 +
sometimes with a few spines. A more detailed description will be found
 +
under the name of "Mountain" in G.F. 9:456. It originated with the
 +
Shakers of lebanon, N. Y.—R. variegatum, A. Nelson=R. nevadense.—R.
 +
viburnifolium, Gray. Evergreen, unarmed, aromatically scented shrub,
 +
to 8 ft.: branchlets glandular: lvs. ovate or oval, obtuse, coarsely
 +
toothed, glossy above, resinous-dotted beneath, 3/4-1 3/4 in. long:
 +
fls. dark pink, in upright racemes: fr. ovoid, red. Low. Calif., Santa
 +
Catalina Isl. B.M. 8094.—R. villosum, Gay, not Nutt.=R. Gayanum.— R.
 +
Vilmorinii, Jancz. Allied to R. alpinum. Unarmed shrub, to 6 t.: lvs.
 +
3-5-lobed with obtuse or acutish lobes, glandular above, about 1 in.
 +
broad: fls. dioecious in short upright racemes, greenish or tinged
 +
reddish brown: fr. small, black, glabrous or glandular. W. China.—R.
 +
Warsce-wizcii, Jancz. Allied to R. rubrum. Unarmed shrub, to 6 ft.:
 +
Lvs. slightly 3-5-lobed, slightly pubescent below, to 4 in. broad:
 +
fls. larger, pinkish, in pendent racemes 2 in. long: fr. larger,
 +
purplish black, very acid. E. Siberia.—R. Watsonianum, Koehne (R.
 +
ambiguum, Wats., not Maxim.). Allied to R. pinetorum. Spiny shrub,
 +
upright or ascending: branches glandular, not bristly: lvs. deeply
 +
3-5-lobed, sparingly pubescent on the veins, 1-2 in. broad: fls.
 +
pinkish, pubescent; petals white, one-fourth shorter than sepals;
 +
stamens as long as petals: fr. greenish, prickly. Wash.—R. Wolfii,
 +
Rothr. (R. mogollonicum, Greene). Allied to R. sanguineum. Unarmed
 +
shrub, to 10 ft.: lvs. 3-5-lobed, pubescent on the veins and glandular
 +
beneath, 2—3 1/2 in. broad: fls. greenish white, in upright
 +
long-stalked racemes, 1-1 1/2 in. long: fr. black, bloomy,
 +
glandular-bristly. Colo., Utah, New Mex., Arix. B.M. 8120.—R.
 +
wollense, Bean=R. Culverwellii var. wollense.
 +
 +
Alfred Rehder.
 +
}}
 +
 +
 
{{Taxobox
 
{{Taxobox
 
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Revision as of 13:57, 16 December 2009


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Plant Characteristics
Cultivation
Scientific Names

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Read about Ribes in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

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Ribes
Ribes uva-crispa (gooseberry)
Ribes uva-crispa (gooseberry)
Plant Info
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Saxifragales
Family: Grossulariaceae
Genus: Ribes
L.

Species
See text

Ribes is a genus of about 150 species of flowering plants, usually treated as the only genus in the family Grossulariaceae. The genus is native throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Ribes includes the currants, including the edible currants (blackcurrant, redcurrant and whitecurrant), gooseberries, and many ornamental plants. The Ribes currant should not be confused with the Zante currant, which is a kind of dried grape.

Currants are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species; see list of Lepidoptera which feed on Ribes.

Seven subgenera are recognised. A few taxonomists place the gooseberry species in a separate genus, Grossularia, despite the Jostaberry gooseberry/blackcurrant hybrid.

Selected species

External link

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