Difference between revisions of "Nothofagus"

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{{SPlantbox
 
{{SPlantbox
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|familia=Nothofagaceae
 
|genus=Nothofagus
 
|genus=Nothofagus
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|taxo_author=Blume
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|common_name=Southern beeches
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|lifespan=perennial
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|features=evergreen, deciduous
 
|Temp Metric=°F
 
|Temp Metric=°F
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
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|image=Upload.png
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|image=Nsolandri2367.jpg
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|image_width=240
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|image_width=180
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|image_caption=Nothofagus solandri
 
}}
 
}}
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'''''Nothofagus''''', also known as the '''southern beeches''', is a genus of about 35 [[species]] of [[tree]]s and [[shrub|shrubs]] native to the temperate oceanic to tropical [[Southern Hemisphere]] in [[Chile]], [[Argentina]] and [[Australasia]].
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In the past they were included in the family [[Fagaceae]], but genetic tests by the [[Angiosperm Phylogeny Group]] revealed them to be genetically distinct, and they are now included in a family their own, the [[Nothofagaceae]].
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The [[leaf|leaves]] are toothed or entire, [[evergreen]] or [[deciduous]]. The [[fruit]] is a small, flattened or triangular [[nut (fruit)|nut]], borne in cupules containing 2-7 nuts.
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''Nothofagus'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]] of [[Hepialidae|hepialid]] [[moth]]s of the genus ''[[Aenetus]]'' including ''A. eximia'' and ''A. virescens''.
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{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
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Nothofagus (Greek words, meaning not a true beech). Fagaceae. A genus of about 12 species, native of S. Amer., Austral, and New Zeal., closely allied to Fagus, but chiefly distinguished by the fls., both staminate and pistillate ones being borne in 3's or solitary. The lvs. are generally small, often evergreen and cither plicate in bud, like those of Fagus, or not. The wood of some species, especially that of N. Dombeyi and N. procera, in Chile, and of N. Cunninghamii, in Austral, is much valued. They are not hardy in the N., and but little known in cult. The two following species have been recently intro. by the Dent, of Agric. N. obliqua, Blume (Fagus obliqua, Mirb.). Deciduous tree, attaining 100 ft.: young branchlets glabrous: Lvs. ovate-oblong, acutish or obtuse, oblique at the base, serrate, lobulate below the middle, glabrous or nearly so, with 8-11 pairs of veins, 1-2½ in. lone: involucre 4-valved: nuts 3, 2 triangular and 3-winged, 1 flattened and 2-winged. Chile. N. procera, Oerst. (Fogus procera, Poepp. & Endl.). Similar to the preceding: Lvs. oblong, rounded at both ends, doubly crenate-serrate, pubescent beneath, up to 4 in. long. Chile.—The following 6 species have been intro. into European gardens and have proved fairly hardy in S. England and Ireland. N. antarctica, Oerst. (B.M. 8314, var. uliginosa. J.H. S. 37:53), N. betuloides, Oerst. (G.C. 1872: 467; 11.25:105; 111.33:11), N. Cunninghamii, Oerst. (B.M. 8584), N. cliffortoides, Oerst., N. fusca, Oerst., and N. Moorei, Krasser. They are all trees or sometimes shrubby, with small, ovate or elliptic crenate-dentate Lvs., ½-1 in. long. The first one is deciduous, the others evergreen. They are perhaps oftener enumerated under Fagus, but besides the difference in the fls. they are different in habit, especially on account of their very small Lvs., large only in N. procera. Prop, is by seeds or by layers.
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Nothofagus (Greek words, meaning not a true beech). Fagaceae. A genus of about 12 species, native of S. Amer., Austral, and New Zeal., closely allied to Fagus, but chiefly distinguished by the fls., both staminate and pistillate ones being borne in 3's or solitary. The lvs. are generally small, often evergreen and cither plicate in bud, like those of Fagus, or not. The wood of some species, especially that of N. Dombeyi and N. procera, in Chile, and of N. Cunninghamii, in Austral, is much valued. They are not hardy in the N., and but little known in cult. The two following species have been recently intro. by the Dent, of Agric. N. obliqua, Blume (Fagus obliqua, Mirb.). Deciduous tree, attaining 100 ft.: young branchlets glabrous: Lvs. ovate-oblong, acutish or obtuse, oblique at the base, serrate, lobulate below the middle, glabrous or nearly so, with 8-11 pairs of veins, 1-2½ in. lone: involucre 4-valved: nuts 3, 2 triangular and 3-winged, 1 flattened and 2-winged. Chile. N. procera, Oerst. (Fogus procera, Poepp. & Endl.). Similar to the preceding: Lvs. oblong, rounded at both ends, doubly crenate-serrate, pubescent beneath, up to 4 in. long. Chile.—The following 6 species have been intro. into European gardens and have proved fairly hardy in S. England and Ireland. N. antarctica, Oerst., N. betuloides, Oerst., N. Cunninghamii, Oerst., N. cliffortoides, Oerst., N. fusca, Oerst., and N. Moorei, Krasser. They are all trees or sometimes shrubby, with small, ovate or elliptic crenate-dentate Lvs., ½-1 in. long. The first one is deciduous, the others evergreen. They are perhaps oftener enumerated under Fagus, but besides the difference in the fls. they are different in habit, especially on account of their very small Lvs., large only in N. procera. Prop, is by seeds or by layers.
 
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{{Taxobox
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==Cultivation==
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = ''Nothofagus''
 
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| image = Nothofagus obliqua.jpg
 
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| image_width = 240px
 
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| image_caption = ''Nothofagus obliqua''
 
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
 
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| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
 
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
 
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| ordo = [[Fagales]]
 
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| familia = '''Nothofagaceae'''
 
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| familia_authority = [[Ludmila Andreevna Kuprianova|Kuprian.]]
 
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| genus = '''''Nothofagus'''''
 
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| genus_authority = [[Carl Ludwig Blume|Blume]]
 
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
 
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| subdivision = See text
 
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}}
 
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[[Image:Nothofagus obliqua Shoot LeavesCupules.jpg|thumb|Shoots, leaves, and cupules of ''N''. ''obliqua'']]
 
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[[Image:Nothofagus nervosa.jpg|thumb|right|''N''. ''alpina'', rauli beech]]
 
  
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'''''Nothofagus''''', also known as the '''southern beeches''', is a genus of about 35 [[species]] of [[tree]]s and [[shrub|shrubs]] native to the temperate oceanic to tropical [[Southern Hemisphere]] in southern [[South America]] ([[Chile]], [[Argentina]]) and [[Australasia]] (east & southeast [[Australia]], [[Tasmania]], [[New Zealand]], [[New Guinea]] and [[New Caledonia]]).
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===Propagation===
  
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In the past they were included in the family [[Fagaceae]], but genetic tests by the [[Angiosperm Phylogeny Group]] revealed them to be genetically distinct, and they are now included in a family their own, the '''Nothofagaceae'''.
 
  
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The [[leaf|leaves]] are toothed or entire, [[evergreen]] or [[deciduous]]. The [[fruit]] is a small, flattened or triangular [[nut (fruit)|nut]], borne in cupules containing 2-7 nuts.
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===Pests and diseases===
  
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''Nothofagus'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]] of [[Hepialidae|hepialid]] [[moth]]s of the genus ''[[Aenetus]]'' including ''A. eximia'' and ''A. virescens''.
 
  
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==Taxonomy==
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==Species==
 
The genus is classified in the following sections:<ref>[http://nothofagus.free.fr/sommaire.htm ''Nothofagus'' website] (in French)</ref>
 
The genus is classified in the following sections:<ref>[http://nothofagus.free.fr/sommaire.htm ''Nothofagus'' website] (in French)</ref>
 
;Sect. ''Brassospora'' (type ''Nothofagus brassi'')
 
;Sect. ''Brassospora'' (type ''Nothofagus brassi'')
Line 69: Line 64:
  
 
;Sect. ''Lophozonia'' (type ''Nothofagus menziesii'')
 
;Sect. ''Lophozonia'' (type ''Nothofagus menziesii'')
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*''[[Nothofagus alpina]]'' (=''N. procera'') (Central Chile)
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*''[[Nothofagus alpina]]'' (=''N. procera'') (Central Chile/Argentina)
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*''[[Nothofagus cunninghamii]]'' (Australia: Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania)
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*''[[Nothofagus cunninghamii]]'' (Australia: Victoria, Tasmania)
 
*''[[Nothofagus glauca]]'' (Central Chile)
 
*''[[Nothofagus glauca]]'' (Central Chile)
 
*''[[Nothofagus macrocarpa]]'' (Central Chile)
 
*''[[Nothofagus macrocarpa]]'' (Central Chile)
 
*''[[Nothofagus menziesii]]'' (New Zealand)
 
*''[[Nothofagus menziesii]]'' (New Zealand)
 
*''[[Nothofagus moorei]]'' (Australia: New South Wales, Queensland)
 
*''[[Nothofagus moorei]]'' (Australia: New South Wales, Queensland)
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*''[[Nothofagus obliqua]]'' (South America)
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*''[[Nothofagus obliqua]]'' (Chile/Argentina)
  
 
;Sect. ''Nothofagus'' (type ''Nothofagus antarctica'')
 
;Sect. ''Nothofagus'' (type ''Nothofagus antarctica'')
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*''[[Nothofagus antarctica]]'' (South America)
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*''[[Nothofagus antarctica]]'' (Southern Argentina and Chile)
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*''[[Nothofagus betuloides]]'' (South America)
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*''[[Nothofagus betuloides]]'' (Southern Argentina and Chile)
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*''[[Nothofagus dombeyi]]'' (Central Chile and Andean Patagonia)
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*''[[Nothofagus dombeyi]]'' (Central Chile and Andean Patagonia-Argentina)
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*''[[Nothofagus nitida]]'' (South America)
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*''[[Nothofagus nitida]]'' (Southern Chile an probably Argentina)
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*''[[Nothofagus pumilio]]'' (South America)
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*''[[Nothofagus pumilio]]'' (Argentina/Chile)
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==Gallery==
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<gallery perrow=5>
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File:Nothofagus-procera-habit.JPG|Nothofagus alpina
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File:Nothofagus gunnii.jpg|Nothofagus gunnii
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
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{{commons|Nothofagus}}
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<references/>
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{{reflist}}
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
  
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[[Category:Nothofagaceae]]
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Flora of Australia]]
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__NOTOC__
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[[Category:Flora of New Zealand]]
 
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[[Category:Flora of Argentina]]
 
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[[Category:Flora of Chile]]
 

Latest revision as of 17:18, 22 February 2010


Nothofagus solandri


Plant Characteristics
Lifespan: ⌛ perennial
Cultivation
Features: ✓ evergreen, deciduous
Scientific Names

Nothofagaceae >

Nothofagus >

Blume >


If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!


Nothofagus, also known as the southern beeches, is a genus of about 35 species of trees and shrubs native to the temperate oceanic to tropical Southern Hemisphere in Chile, Argentina and Australasia.

In the past they were included in the family Fagaceae, but genetic tests by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group revealed them to be genetically distinct, and they are now included in a family their own, the Nothofagaceae.

The leaves are toothed or entire, evergreen or deciduous. The fruit is a small, flattened or triangular nut, borne in cupules containing 2-7 nuts.

Nothofagus species are used as food plants by the larva of hepialid moths of the genus Aenetus including A. eximia and A. virescens.


Read about Nothofagus in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture 

Nothofagus (Greek words, meaning not a true beech). Fagaceae. A genus of about 12 species, native of S. Amer., Austral, and New Zeal., closely allied to Fagus, but chiefly distinguished by the fls., both staminate and pistillate ones being borne in 3's or solitary. The lvs. are generally small, often evergreen and cither plicate in bud, like those of Fagus, or not. The wood of some species, especially that of N. Dombeyi and N. procera, in Chile, and of N. Cunninghamii, in Austral, is much valued. They are not hardy in the N., and but little known in cult. The two following species have been recently intro. by the Dent, of Agric. N. obliqua, Blume (Fagus obliqua, Mirb.). Deciduous tree, attaining 100 ft.: young branchlets glabrous: Lvs. ovate-oblong, acutish or obtuse, oblique at the base, serrate, lobulate below the middle, glabrous or nearly so, with 8-11 pairs of veins, 1-2½ in. lone: involucre 4-valved: nuts 3, 2 triangular and 3-winged, 1 flattened and 2-winged. Chile. N. procera, Oerst. (Fogus procera, Poepp. & Endl.). Similar to the preceding: Lvs. oblong, rounded at both ends, doubly crenate-serrate, pubescent beneath, up to 4 in. long. Chile.—The following 6 species have been intro. into European gardens and have proved fairly hardy in S. England and Ireland. N. antarctica, Oerst., N. betuloides, Oerst., N. Cunninghamii, Oerst., N. cliffortoides, Oerst., N. fusca, Oerst., and N. Moorei, Krasser. They are all trees or sometimes shrubby, with small, ovate or elliptic crenate-dentate Lvs., ½-1 in. long. The first one is deciduous, the others evergreen. They are perhaps oftener enumerated under Fagus, but besides the difference in the fls. they are different in habit, especially on account of their very small Lvs., large only in N. procera. Prop, is by seeds or by layers.


The above text is from the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. It may be out of date, but still contains valuable and interesting information which can be incorporated into the remainder of the article. Click on "Collapse" in the header to hide this text.


Cultivation

Propagation

Pests and diseases

Species

The genus is classified in the following sections:[1]

Sect. Brassospora (type Nothofagus brassi)
Sect. Fuscospora (type Nothofagus fusca)
Sect. Lophozonia (type Nothofagus menziesii)
Sect. Nothofagus (type Nothofagus antarctica)

Gallery

  • Nothofagus alpina

  • Nothofagus gunnii

  • photo 1

  • photo 2

  • photo 3

References

  1. ↑ Nothofagus website (in French)

External links


Retrieved from "http://gardenology.mywikis.net/w/index.php?title=Nothofagus&oldid=96909"