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|image_caption=Hypericum calycinum cv. 'Hidcote'
|image_caption=Hypericum calycinum cv. 'Hidcote'
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Hypericum (Hypereikon, ancient Greek name of a plant, of obscure meaning, possibly derived from ereike, heather, with the prefix hypo, beneath). Hy- pericaceae, often united with Guttiferae. St. John's- Wort. Ornamental shrubby or herbaceous plants chiefly grown for their bright yellow flowers; planted in the open; often with interesting foliage and habits.
Deciduous, or sometimes evergreen, usually low shrubs, or herbaceous perennials, rarely annual: lvs. opposite, short-petioled or sessile, entire, dotted with pellucid or opaque glands, without stipules: fls. usually in terminal cymes, less often solitary, sometimes axillary, yellow, rarely pink or purplish; sepals 5, imbricate or valvate, often unequal; petals 5, oblique, convolute in bud; stamens usually numerous, free, or connate at the base into 5 or 3 bundles, rarely as few as 3; ovary superior, with 3-5 parietal placenta;, 1-5-celled; styles 3-5, distinct or united: fr. a septicidal caps., rarely a berry; seeds usually cylindric, many, rarely few.—About 200 species in the temperate and subtropical regions of the northern hemisphere, few in the southern hemisphere.
The St. John's worts are exceedingly variable in habit: most species in cultivation are low shrubs, either upright with ascending or spreading branches, or tufted or procumbent; the herbaceous species have often stiff upright wand-like stems or are diffuse or procumbent: the leaves are usually narrow and rather small; the yellow, rarely pink or purplish flowers appear usually in profusion during the summer in terminal clusters, less often solitary, sometimes axillary and forming leafy racemes or panicles; they vary from 1/5 inch to 3 inches in diameter; the capsular fruits are inconspicuous or even unsightly when ripe, only the fruits of the one berry-bearing species are ornamental. Most of the species are tender in the North. H. aureum, H. prolificum, H. lobocarpum, and other American species, also H. calycinum and H. patulum Var. henryi, with some protection, have proved hardy as far north as Massachusetts, and H. kalmianum and H. ascyron are still hardy in Canada. Others like H. patulum, H. hookerianum, H. moserianum, H. chinense can be relied upon only south of New York. H. floribundum is doing well in California and so will probably the other Mediterranean species.
They thrive in any good loamy soil, and also in sandy soil, if sufficiently moist; most of them prefer partly shaded situations and bloom longer if not exposed to the full sun. They arc, as a rule, short lived plants and ought to be renewed when they show signs of exhaustion. The larger kinds are well adapted for borders of shrubberies and form round rather dense bushes when standing alone, while those like H. calycinum, H. buckleii and H. adpressum are suited for low borders or as a ground-cover, particularly H. calycinum which spreads rapidly by suckers. Many of the low tufted or prostrate species enumerated in the supplementary list are handsome plants for rockeries where the more tender species can be so planted as to be easily protected during the winter. Propagation is by seeds, which germinate readily, the shrubby species also by greenwood cuttings under glass in summer; the creeping kinds as H. calycinum and some herbaceous species also by division and suckers.
Index.
adpressum, 17.
androssaemum, 23.
ascyron, 1.
aureum, 14.
axillare, 12.
buckleii, 16.
calycinum, 2.
cernuum, 3.
chinense, 4.
cistifolium, 18.
densiflorum, 11.
elatum, 22.
fastigiatum, 17.
floribundum, 20.
foliosum, 13.
galioides, 12.
glomeratum, 10.
grandifolium, 22.
henryi, 6.
hircinum, 21.
hookerianum, 5.
kalmianum, 9.
leschrnaultii, 5.
lobocarpum, S.
minor, 21.
monogynum, 4.
moserianum, 7.
multiflorum, 22.
nudiflorum, 15.
oblongifolium, 3, 5, 6.
patulum, 6.
perforatum, 19.
prolificum, 11, 13, 14.
pumilum, 21.
pyramidatum, 1.
sphaerocarpum, 18.
tricolor, 7.
triflorum, 5.
uralum, 6.
vilmorinii, 1.
virginicum, 24.
webbianum, 22.
}}
'''''Hypericum''''' is a [[genus]] of about 400 [[species]] of [[flowering plant]]s in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Clusiaceae]], [[subfamily]] [[Hypericoideae]] (formerly often considered a full family Hypericaceae).
'''''Hypericum''''' is a [[genus]] of about 400 [[species]] of [[flowering plant]]s in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Clusiaceae]], [[subfamily]] [[Hypericoideae]] (formerly often considered a full family Hypericaceae).
The genus has a nearly worldwide distribution, missing only from [[tropical]] lowlands, [[deserts]] and [[polar]] regions. All members of the genus may be referred to as '''St. John's-wort''', though they are also commonly just called '''hypericum''', and some are known as '''tutsan'''. The marsh St. John's-worts are nowadays separated in ''[[Triadenum]]''.
The genus has a nearly worldwide distribution, missing only from [[tropical]] lowlands, [[deserts]] and [[polar]] regions. All members of the genus may be referred to as '''St. John's-wort''', though they are also commonly just called '''hypericum''', and some are known as '''tutsan'''. The marsh St. John's-worts are nowadays separated in ''[[Triadenum]]''.
St. John's-worts vary from [[Annual plant|annual]] or [[perennial]] [[herbaceous]] [[herb]]s 5–10 cm tall to [[shrub]]s and small [[tree]]s up to 12 m tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are opposite, simple oval, 1–8 cm long, either [[deciduous]] or evergreen. The [[flower]]s vary from pale to dark yellow, and from 0.5–6 cm in diameter, with five (rarely four) petals. The [[fruit]] is usually a dry capsule which splits to release the numerous small [[seed]]s; in some species it is fleshy and [[berry]]-like.
St. John's-worts vary from [[Annual plant|annual]] or [[perennial]] [[herbaceous]] [[herb]]s 5–10 cm tall to [[shrub]]s and small [[tree]]s up to 12 m tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are opposite, simple oval, 1–8 cm long, either [[deciduous]] or evergreen. The [[flower]]s vary from pale to dark yellow, and from 0.5–6 cm in diameter, with five (rarely four) petals. The [[fruit]] is usually a dry capsule which splits to release the numerous small [[seed]]s; in some species it is fleshy and [[berry]]-like.
==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
* ''[[Hypericum adenotrichum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum adenotrichum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum aegypticum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum aegypticum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum anagalloides]]'' – [[Creeping St. John's-wort]], Bog St. John's-wort, Tinker's-penny
* ''[[Hypericum anagalloides]]'' – [[Creeping St. John's-wort]], Bog St. John's-wort, Tinker's-penny
* ''[[Hypericum androsaemum]]'' – [[Tutsan]]
* ''[[Hypericum androsaemum]]'' – [[Tutsan]]
* ''[[Hypericum annulatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum annulatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum aphyllum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum aphyllum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum beanii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum beanii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum bellum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum bellum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum boreale]]'' – [[Northern St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum boreale]]'' – [[Northern St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum buckleii]]'' – [[Blue Ridge St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum buckleii]]'' – [[Blue Ridge St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum bupleuroides]]''
* ''[[Hypericum bupleuroides]]''
* ''[[Hypericum calycinum]]'' – [[Great St. John's-wort]], Jerusalem Star, "[[Rose of Sharon]]", "[[Aaron's Beard]]"
* ''[[Hypericum calycinum]]'' – [[Great St. John's-wort]], Jerusalem Star, "[[Rose of Sharon]]", "[[Aaron's Beard]]"
** ''Hypericum calycinum'' cv. 'Hidcote'
** ''Hypericum calycinum'' cv. 'Hidcote'
* ''[[Hypericum canadense]]'' <small>L.</small> – [[Canadian St. John's-wort]], [[Irish St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum canadense]]'' <small>L.</small> – [[Canadian St. John's-wort]], [[Irish St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum canariense]]'' – [[Canary Islands St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum canariense]]'' – [[Canary Islands St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum capitatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum capitatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum cerastoides]]''
* ''[[Hypericum cerastoides]]''
* ''[[Hypericum choisianum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum choisianum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum cistifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum cistifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum concinnum]]'' – [[Goldwire]]
* ''[[Hypericum concinnum]]'' – [[Goldwire]]
* ''[[Hypericum confertum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum confertum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum cordifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum cordifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum crenulatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum crenulatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum crux-andreae]]''
* ''[[Hypericum crux-andreae]]''
* ''[[Hypericum cumulicola]]'' – [[Highlands Scrub Hypericum]]
* ''[[Hypericum cumulicola]]'' – [[Highlands Scrub Hypericum]]
* ''[[Hypericum curvisepalum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum curvisepalum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum delphicum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum delphicum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum densiflorum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum densiflorum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum denticulatum]]''<small> Walt.</small> – [[Coppery St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum denticulatum]]''<small> Walt.</small> – [[Coppery St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum dissimulatum]]'' – [[Disguised St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum dissimulatum]]'' – [[Disguised St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum dyeri]]''
* ''[[Hypericum dyeri]]''
* ''[[Hypericum eastwoodianum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum eastwoodianum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum elegans]]''
* ''[[Hypericum elegans]]''
* ''[[Hypericum ellipticum]]''{{Verify source|date=November 2007}}<!-- syn of montanum? -->
* ''[[Hypericum ellipticum]]''{{Verify source|date=November 2007}}<!-- syn of montanum? -->
* ''[[Hypericum elodes]]'' – [[Marsh Hypericum]]<!-- marsh st. johns wort is also the whole genus Triadenum -->
* ''[[Hypericum elodes]]'' – [[Marsh Hypericum]]<!-- marsh st. johns wort is also the whole genus Triadenum -->
* ''[[Hypericum elongatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum elongatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum empetrifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum empetrifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum fieriense]]''
* ''[[Hypericum fieriense]]''
* ''[[Hypericum foliosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum foliosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum formosum]]'' – [[Western St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum formosum]]'' – [[Western St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum forrestii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum forrestii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum fragile]]''
* ''[[Hypericum fragile]]''
* ''[[Hypericum frondosa]]''{{Verify source|date=November 2007}}<!-- -osum? -->
* ''[[Hypericum frondosa]]''{{Verify source|date=November 2007}}<!-- -osum? -->
* ''[[Hypericum galioides]]''
* ''[[Hypericum galioides]]''
* ''[[Hypericum gentianoides]]'' <small>(L.) BSP.</small> – [[Orange-grass St. John's-wort]], [[Pinweed]]
* ''[[Hypericum gentianoides]]'' <small>(L.) BSP.</small> – [[Orange-grass St. John's-wort]], [[Pinweed]]
* ''[[Hypericum glandulosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum glandulosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum gnidiifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum gnidiifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum hartwegii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum hartwegii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum henryi]]''
* ''[[Hypericum henryi]]''
* ''[[Hypericum hircinum]]'' – [[Stinking Tutsan]]
* ''[[Hypericum hircinum]]'' – [[Stinking Tutsan]]
* ''[[Hypericum hirsutum]]'' <small>L.</small> – [[Hairy St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum hirsutum]]'' <small>L.</small> – [[Hairy St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum hookerianum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum hookerianum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum humifusum]]'' <small>L.</small> – [[Trailing St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum humifusum]]'' <small>L.</small> – [[Trailing St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum hypericoides]]''
* ''[[Hypericum hypericoides]]''
* ''[[Hypericum hyssopifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum hyssopifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum × inodorum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum × inodorum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum japonicum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum japonicum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum kalmianum]]'' – [[Kalm's St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum kalmianum]]'' – [[Kalm's St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum kamtschaticum]]'' <small>Ledeb.</small>
* ''[[Hypericum kamtschaticum]]'' <small>Ledeb.</small>
* ''[[Hypericum kelleri]]''
* ''[[Hypericum kelleri]]''
* ''[[Hypericum lanuginosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum lanuginosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum leschenaultii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum leschenaultii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum linariifolium]]'' – [[Toadflax-leaved St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum linariifolium]]'' – [[Toadflax-leaved St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum linarioides]]''
* ''[[Hypericum linarioides]]''
* ''[[Hypericum llanganaticum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum llanganaticum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum lobocarpum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum lobocarpum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum maclarenii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum maclarenii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum maculatum]]'' – [[Imperforate St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum maculatum]]'' – [[Imperforate St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum maguirei]]''
* ''[[Hypericum maguirei]]''
* ''[[Hypericum majus]]'' – [[Larger Canadian St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum majus]]'' – [[Larger Canadian St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum matangense]]''
* ''[[Hypericum matangense]]''
* ''[[Hypericum monogynum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum monogynum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum montanum]]'' <small>L.</small> – [[Pale St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum montanum]]'' <small>L.</small> – [[Pale St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum montbretii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum montbretii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum × moserianum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum × moserianum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum mutilum]]'' <small>L.</small> – [[Dwarf St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum mutilum]]'' <small>L.</small> – [[Dwarf St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum myricariifolium]]'' <small>Hieron.</small>
* ''[[Hypericum myricariifolium]]'' <small>Hieron.</small>
* ''[[Hypericum nanum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum nanum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum nudiflorum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum nudiflorum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum nummularium]]'' – [[Round-leaved St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum nummularium]]'' – [[Round-leaved St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum oblongifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum oblongifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum olympicum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum olympicum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum peninsulare]]''
* ''[[Hypericum peninsulare]]''
* ''[[Hypericum perfoliatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum perfoliatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum perforatum]]'' – [[Common St. John's-wort]], Perforate St John's-wort, Tipton's Weed, Klamath Weed
* ''[[Hypericum perforatum]]'' – [[Common St. John's-wort]], Perforate St John's-wort, Tipton's Weed, Klamath Weed
** ''Hypericum perforatum'' cv. 'Anthos'
** ''Hypericum perforatum'' cv. 'Anthos'
* ''[[Hypericum prietoi]]''
* ''[[Hypericum prietoi]]''
* ''[[Hypericum prolificum]]'' – [[Shrubby St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum prolificum]]'' – [[Shrubby St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum pseudohenryi]]'' – [[Irish Tutsan]]
* ''[[Hypericum pseudohenryi]]'' – [[Irish Tutsan]]
* ''[[Hypericum pulchrum]]'' – [[Slender St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum pulchrum]]'' – [[Slender St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum punctatum]]'' <small>Lam.</small> – [[Spotted St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum punctatum]]'' <small>Lam.</small> – [[Spotted St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum quitense]]''
* ''[[Hypericum quitense]]''
* ''[[Hypericum reflexum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum reflexum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum sampsonii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum sampsonii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum scopulorum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum scopulorum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum scouleri]]'' – [[Western St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum scouleri]]'' – [[Western St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum setosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum setosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum socotranum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum socotranum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum sphaerocarpum]]'' – [[Roundfruit St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum sphaerocarpum]]'' – [[Roundfruit St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum spruneri]]''
* ''[[Hypericum spruneri]]''
* ''[[Hypericum stellatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum stellatum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum subsessile]]''<!-- CurtisBotMag15:92. -->
* ''[[Hypericum subsessile]]''<!-- CurtisBotMag15:92. -->
* ''[[Hypericum tenuicaule]]''
* ''[[Hypericum tenuicaule]]''
* ''[[Hypericum tetrapterum]]'' – [[Square-stalked St. John's-wort]], Square-stemmed St. John's-wort, St. Peter's-wort, Peterwort
* ''[[Hypericum tetrapterum]]'' – [[Square-stalked St. John's-wort]], Square-stemmed St. John's-wort, St. Peter's-wort, Peterwort
* ''[[Hypericum tomentosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum tomentosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum tortuosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum tortuosum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum trichocaulon]]''
* ''[[Hypericum trichocaulon]]''
* ''[[Hypericum triquetrifolium]]'' – [[Curled-leaved St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum triquetrifolium]]'' – [[Curled-leaved St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum undulatum]]'' – [[Wavy St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum undulatum]]'' – [[Wavy St. John's-wort]]
* ''[[Hypericum uralum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum uralum]]''
* ''[[Hypericum vacciniifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum vacciniifolium]]''
* ''[[Hypericum wilsonii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum wilsonii]]''
* ''[[Hypericum xylosteifolium]]'' – [[Turkish Tutsan]]
* ''[[Hypericum xylosteifolium]]'' – [[Turkish Tutsan]]
* ''[[Hypericum yakusimense]]''
* ''[[Hypericum yakusimense]]''
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}