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Hibiscus (old Latin name). Including Abelmoschus and Paritium. Malvaceae. Rose-mallow. Showy-flowered garden and greenhouse herbs and shrubs; in the tropics some of them are trees.

Hibiscus (old Latin name). Including Abelmoschus and Paritium. Malvaceae. Rose-mallow. Showy-flowered garden and greenhouse herbs and shrubs; in the tropics some of them are trees.

Hibiscus is a polymorphous genus, allied to Gossypium, Abutilon, Althaea and Malva, the species widely distributed in temperate and tropical countries: herbs or shrubs, or even trees, with lvs. palmately veined or parted: parts of the fl. in 5's; calyx gamosepalous, 5-toothed or 5-cleft, subtended by an involucel of narrow bracteoles; corolla usually campanulate, showy, of 5 distinct petals; stamens united into a 5-toothea column; ovary 5-loculed, bearing 5 styles: fr. a dry, more or less dehiscent caps (Fig. 1828).—Between 150 and 200 species, of which perhaps 20 occur in the U. S. Horticultur- ally, there are 4 general groups of Hibiscus—the annuals, the perennial border herbs, the hardy shrubs, and the glasshouse shrubs, to which might Dc added the treelike species of tropical countries that are often planted along roadsides and about dwellings. The perennial herbaceous species are among the boldest subjects for planting in remote borders or in roomy places, particularly in soil that is damp. These plants, of the H. Moscheutos type, are commonly known as marsh-mallows, but this name properly belongs to Altheae officinalis.

Hibiscus is a polymorphous genus, allied to Gossypium, Abutilon, Althaea and Malva, the species widely distributed in temperate and tropical countries: herbs or shrubs, or even trees, with leaves palmately veined or parted: parts of the fl. in 5's; calyx gamosepalous, 5-toothed or 5-cleft, subtended by an involucel of narrow bracteoles; corolla usually campanulate, showy, of 5 distinct petals; stamens united into a 5-toothea column; ovary 5-loculed, bearing 5 styles: fr. a dry, more or less dehiscent caps (Fig. 1828).—Between 150 and 200 species, of which perhaps 20 occur in the U. S. Horticultur- ally, there are 4 general groups of Hibiscus—the annuals, the perennial border herbs, the hardy shrubs, and the glasshouse shrubs, to which might Dc added the treelike species of tropical countries that are often planted along roadsides and about dwellings. The perennial herbaceous species are among the boldest subjects for planting in remote borders or in roomy places, particularly in soil that is damp. These plants, of the H. Moscheutos type, are commonly known as marsh-mallows, but this name properly belongs to Altheae officinalis.

In recent years, improved and valuable hardy forms of the native herbaceous rose-mallows have been introduced. They bloom throughout a long season. (Fig. 1829.) The Meehan Mallow Marvels were introduced in 1905, the first successful cross having been made in 1898. They are stated to be hybrids of H. coccineus, H. militaris, and H. moscheutos. They arc in pink, shades of red, and white; the flowers often have an eye of different color. The Giant-flowering marsh-mallows of Bobbink & Atkins, now catalogued as H. moscheutos hybrids, were first offered in 1909 at retail and in 1911 to the trade. They are stated to be hybrids of H. coccineus and H. moscheulos, the first cross being made in 1905, first plant flowered in 1906. The colors range from white to crimson, sometimes with an eye. The culture of such a various group as hibiscus cannot be described in detail. In general, the species present no special difficulties. They are strong and profuse growers, and mostly thrive under a variety of conditions.—The herbaceous perennial species are late summer and fall bloomers, with hollyhock-like flowers. They send up new strong shoots or canes each year. Many of them are perfectly hardy in the North, but even these profit by a mulch covering. Others are tender in the North, and the roots should be taken up after frost and stored in a dry, warm cellar. Keep them just moist enough to maintain life in them. Many times the roots of these herbaceous species are set in large pots in the spring, and they then make excellent specimens. All the species require a deep rich soil and a good unfailing supply of moisture.—The only popular glasshouse species in this country is H. rosa-sinensis, a showy and floriferous summer bloomer, of many varieties.

In recent years, improved and valuable hardy forms of the native herbaceous rose-mallows have been introduced. They bloom throughout a long season. (Fig. 1829.) The Meehan Mallow Marvels were introduced in 1905, the first successful cross having been made in 1898. They are stated to be hybrids of H. coccineus, H. militaris, and H. moscheutos. They arc in pink, shades of red, and white; the flowers often have an eye of different color. The Giant-flowering marsh-mallows of Bobbink & Atkins, now catalogued as H. moscheutos hybrids, were first offered in 1909 at retail and in 1911 to the trade. They are stated to be hybrids of H. coccineus and H. moscheulos, the first cross being made in 1905, first plant flowered in 1906. The colors range from white to crimson, sometimes with an eye. The culture of such a various group as hibiscus cannot be described in detail. In general, the species present no special difficulties. They are strong and profuse growers, and mostly thrive under a variety of conditions.—The herbaceous perennial species are late summer and fall bloomers, with hollyhock-like flowers. They send up new strong shoots or canes each year. Many of them are perfectly hardy in the North, but even these profit by a mulch covering. Others are tender in the North, and the roots should be taken up after frost and stored in a dry, warm cellar. Keep them just moist enough to maintain life in them. Many times the roots of these herbaceous species are set in large pots in the spring, and they then make excellent specimens. All the species require a deep rich soil and a good unfailing supply of moisture.—The only popular glasshouse species in this country is H. rosa-sinensis, a showy and floriferous summer bloomer, of many varieties.

elegantissimus, 29. occidentalis 12. zebrinus, 28.

elegantissimus, 29. occidentalis 12. zebrinus, 28.

H. aponeurus, Sprague & Hutch. Shrub, to 4 ft.: lvs. small, ovate or elliptic, sometimes slightly 3-lobed: fla. solitary, axillary, 1 in. across, brilliant scarlet. Trop. E. Afr. B.M. 8231.—H. archeri, Hort., is a hybrid of H. Rosa-sinensis and H. schizopetalus, raised by A. S. Archer, Antigua, W. Indies. Much like H. Rosa-sinensis. Fls. red. Gn. 65:310.—H. camrronii, Knowles & Went. Tall shrub, with heart-shaped 3-lobed lvs. and large, solitary, cream- colored, red-veined IK Madagascar. B.M. 3936. 11.1. 3, p. 42. The plant figured under this name in Gn. 53:280 is probably a form of H. Rosa-sinensis.—H. citprevs, Pampan. Allied to H. Rosa-sinensis: branches coppery purple in color: lvs. lanceolate, undulate and usually entire: bracteoles 6-8, linear: fls. nearly 2 in. long, purple with carmine eye. Ceylon.—H. kokia, Hildeb. Tree: lvs. ovate or elliptic-oblong, crenate, glabrous: fls. axillary and solitary, red. the petals to 2 ½ in. long; staminal column red, not long-exserted. Hawaii.—H. pattersonii, R, Br.=Lagunaria.— H. puniceus, Hort., apparently has no botanical standing: still offered abroad. G.Z. 19:1.—H. scottii, Balf. Large bush or small tree from Isl. of Socotra: lvs. ovate, entire, 3-lobed. or toothed: fls. 3 ½ in. across, bright golden yellow with carmine eye. B.M. 7816.—H. splendens. Fras. Shrub, 12-20 ft., soft-tomentose. prickly: lvs. cordate-ovate, palmately 3-5-7-lobed: fls. very large, rose-red. Austral. B.M. 3025. B.R. 1629. Handsome.—H, surratensis. Linn. Trailing, with palmately 3-5-parted lvs.: fls. yellow: involucre-bracts with odd nail-like spines. India, but widely distributed. G.C. III. 9:529.—H. venustus, Blume. Very like H. mutabilis, but involucre - bracts broud. Java. B.M. 7183.—H. villosus, undetermined trade name.—H.waimex, Heller. Tree, 20pJO ft.: lvs. suborbicular, crenate, pubescent on both sides: fls. axillary near ends of branches, large, white or tinged with pink; staminal column red, long-exserted. Hawaii.

H. aponeurus, Sprague & Hutch. Shrub, to 4 ft.: leaves small, ovate or elliptic, sometimes slightly 3-lobed: fla. solitary, axillary, 1 in. across, brilliant scarlet. Tropical East African B.M. 8231.—H. archeri, Hort., is a hybrid of H. Rosa-sinensis and H. schizopetalus, raised by A. S. Archer, Antigua, W. Indies. Much like H. Rosa-sinensis. Flowers red. Gn. 65:310.—H. camrronii, Knowles & Went. Tall shrub, with heart-shaped 3-lobed leaves and large, solitary, cream- colored, red-veined IK Madagascar. B.M. 3936. 11.1. 3, p. 42. The plant figured under this name in Gn. 53:280 is probably a form of H. Rosa-sinensis.—H. citprevs, Pampan. Allied to H. Rosa-sinensis: branches coppery purple in color: leaves lanceolate, undulate and usually entire: bracteoles 6-8, linear: flowers nearly 2 in. long, purple with carmine eye. Ceylon.—H. kokia, Hildeb. Tree: leaves ovate or elliptic-oblong, crenate, glabrous: fls. axillary and solitary, red. the petals to 2 ½ in. long; staminal column red, not long-exserted. Hawaii.—H. pattersonii, R, Br.=Lagunaria.— H. puniceus, Hort., apparently has no botanical standing: still offered abroad. G.Z. 19:1.—H. scottii, Balf. Large bush or small tree from Isl. of Socotra: leaves ovate, entire, 3-lobed. or toothed: fls. 3 ½ in. across, bright golden yellow with carmine eye. B.M. 7816.—H. splendens. Fras. Shrub, 12-20 ft., soft-tomentose. prickly: leaves cordate-ovate, palmately 3-5-7-lobed: fls. very large, rose-red. Austral. B.M. 3025. B.R. 1629. Handsome.—H, surratensis. Linn. Trailing, with palmately 3-5-parted leavs: fls. yellow: involucre-bracts with odd nail-like spines. India, but widely distributed. G.C. III. 9:529.—H. venustus, Blume. Very like H. mutabilis, but involucre - bracts broud. Java. B.M. 7183.—H. villosus, undetermined trade name.—H.waimex, Heller. Tree, 20pJO ft.: leaves suborbicular, crenate, pubescent on both sides: fls. axillary near ends of branches, large, white or tinged with pink; staminal column red, long-exserted. Hawaii.

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