Gardenology.org - Plant Encyclopedia and Gardening Wiki

Changes

Symphoricarpos (view source)

Revision as of 19:35, 22 June 2010

243 bytes added ,  19:35, 22 June 2010
no edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:  
{{SPlantbox
 
{{SPlantbox
 
|familia=Caprifoliaceae
 
|familia=Caprifoliaceae
−
|genus=Symphoricarpos  
+
|genus=Symphoricarpos
 
|common_name=Coralberry, Snowberry
 
|common_name=Coralberry, Snowberry
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
Line 11: Line 11:  
|Temp Metric=°F
 
|Temp Metric=°F
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
−
|image=Upload.png
+
|image=Symphoricarpos albus 7927.jpg
 
|image_width=240
 
|image_width=240
 +
|image_caption=Common Snowberry (''Symphoricarpos albus'')
 
}}
 
}}
 +
'''''Symphoricarpos''''' is a small genus of about 15 species of [[deciduous]] [[shrub]]s in the [[honeysuckle]] family, [[Caprifoliaceae]]. All but one are natives of [[North America]] and [[Central America]]; the one remaining is from western [[China]]. Its common names in English are '''Snowberry''' and '''Waxberry'''.
 +
 +
The [[leaf|leaves]] are 1.5–5 cm long, rounded, entire or with one or two lobes at the base. The [[flower]]s are small, greenish-white to pink, in small clusters of 5–15 together in most species, solitary or in pairs in some (e.g. ''S. microphyllus''). The [[fruit]] are conspicuous, 1–2 cm in diameter, soft, varying from white (e.g. ''S. albus'') to pink (''[[Symphoricarpos microphyllus|S. microphyllus]]'') to red (''[[Symphoricarpos orbiculatus|S. orbiculatus]]'') and in one species (''[[Symphoricarpos sinensis|S. sinensis]]''), blackish purple.
 +
 +
Common Snowberry (''[[Symphoricarpos albus|S. albus]]'') is an important winter food source for [[quail]], [[pheasant]], and [[grouse]], but is considered poisonous to humans. Ingesting the berries causes mild symptoms of vomiting, dizziness, and slight [[sedation]] in children.
 +
 +
Common snowberry is a popular [[ornamental plant|ornamental shrub]] in [[garden]]s, grown for its decorative white fruit. There are two varieties, ''S. albus'' var. ''albus'', native to eastern North America, and ''S. albus'' var. ''laevigatus'' native to the Pacific coast. The latter is a larger shrub, up to 2 m tall, and with slightly larger fruit; it is treated as a distinct species ''S. rivularis'' by some [[botanist]]s.
 +
 +
When the white berries are broken open, the fruit inside looks like fine, sparkling granular snow.
 +
 
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Symphoricarpos (Greek, symphorein, to bear together and karpos, fruit, referring to the clustered fruits). Sometimes spelled Symphoricarpus. Syn., Symphoria. Caprifoliaceae. Snowberry. Ornamental shrubs grown chiefly for their attractive fruits.
 
Symphoricarpos (Greek, symphorein, to bear together and karpos, fruit, referring to the clustered fruits). Sometimes spelled Symphoricarpus. Syn., Symphoria. Caprifoliaceae. Snowberry. Ornamental shrubs grown chiefly for their attractive fruits.
Line 24: Line 35:  
}}
 
}}
   −
{{Taxobox
+
==Cultivation==
−
| color = lightgreen
  −
| name = ''Symphoricarpos''
  −
| image = Symphoricarpos albus 7927.jpg
  −
| image_width = 250px
  −
| image_caption = ''Symphoricarpos albus'' (Common Snowberry)
  −
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
  −
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
  −
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
  −
| ordo = [[Dipsacales]]
  −
| familia = [[Caprifoliaceae]]
  −
| genus = '''''Symphoricarpos'''''
  −
| genus_authority = [[Johann Jacob Dillenius|Dill.]] ex [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]
  −
| subdivision_ranks = Species
  −
| subdivision = About 15 species; see text
  −
}}
     −
'''''Symphoricarpos''''' is a small genus of about 15 species of [[deciduous]] [[shrub]]s in the family [[Caprifoliaceae]]. All but one are natives of [[North America]] and [[Central America]]; the one remaining is from western [[China]]. Its common names in English are '''Snowberry''' and '''Waxberry'''. It is a member of the [[Honeysuckle|Honeysuckle Family]], the [[Caprifoliaceae]].
     −
The [[leaf|leaves]] are 1.5–5 cm long, rounded, entire or with one or two lobes at the base. The [[flower]]s are small, greenish-white to pink, in small clusters of 5–15 together in most species, solitary or in pairs in some (e.g. ''S. microphyllus''). The [[fruit]] are conspicuous, 1–2 cm in diameter, soft, varying from white (e.g. ''S. albus'') to pink (''S. microphyllus'') to red (''S. orbiculatus'') and in one species (''S. sinensis''), blackish purple.
+
===Propagation===
   −
Common Snowberry (''Symphoricarpos albus'') is an important winter food source for [[quail]], [[pheasant]] and [[grouse]], but is considered poisonous to humans. The berries contain the [[isoquinoline]] [[alkaloid]] [[chelidonine]], as well as other alkaloids. Ingesting the berries causes mild symptoms of vomiting, dizziness, and slight [[sedation]] in children.
     −
;Selected species:
+
===Pests and diseases===
−
*''[[Symphoricarpos albus]]'' - Common Snowberry
  −
*''[[Symphoricarpos mexicanus]]'' - Mexican Snowberry
  −
*''[[Symphoricarpos microphyllus]]'' - Littleleaf Snowberry
  −
*''[[Symphoricarpos mollis]]'' - Creeping Snowberry
  −
*''[[Symphoricarpos occidentalis]]'' - Western Snowberry or Wolfberry
  −
*''[[Symphoricarpos orbiculatus]]'' - Coralberry
  −
*''[[Symphoricarpos oreophilus]]'' - Mountain Snowberry
  −
*''[[Symphoricarpos rotundifolius]]'' - Roundleaf Snowberry
  −
*''[[Symphoricarpos sinensis]]'' - Chinese Coralberry
     −
===Cultivation and uses===
  −
Common Snowberry is a popular [[ornamental plant|ornamental shrub]] in [[garden]]s, grown for its decorative white fruit. There are two varieties, ''S. albus'' var. ''albus'', native to eastern North America, and ''S. albus'' var. ''laevigatus'' native to the Pacific coast. The latter is a larger shrub, up to 2 m tall, and with slightly larger fruit; it is treated as a distinct species ''S. rivularis'' by some [[botanist]]s.
     −
==References and external links ==
+
==Species==
−
{{commons|Symphoricarpos albus|Common Snowberry}}
+
;Selected species:
−
*[http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/ppack.info?p_psn=122&p_type=all&p_sci=comm&p_x=px Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System] Notes on poisoning: thin-leaved snowberry
+
*''[[Symphoricarpos acutus]]'', Sharpleaf snowberry
−
*[http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/syor.htm ''Symphoricarpos orbiculatus'' images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu]
+
*''[[Symphoricarpos albus]]'', Common snowberry
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos × chenaultii]]''
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos guadalupensis]]'', McKittrick's snowberry
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos hesperius]]'', Trailing snowberry
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos longiflorus]]'', Desert snowberry
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos mexicanus]]'', Mexican snowberry
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos microphyllus]]'', Littleleaf snowberry
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos mollis]]'', Creeping snowberry
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos occidentalis]]'', Western snowberry or Wolfberry (the latter unrelated to the [[Wolfberry|Lycium species]] of the same name).
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos orbiculatus]]'', Coralberry
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos oreophilus]]'', Mountain snowberry
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos palmeri]]'', Palmer's snowberry
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos rotundifolius]]'', Roundleaf snowberry
 +
*''[[Syagrus sancona]]''
 +
*''[[Symphoricarpos sinensis]]'', Chinese coralberry
   −
<gallery>
+
==Gallery==
−
Image:Symphoricarpos albus.jpg|''Symphoricarpos albus'' flowers
+
<gallery perrow=5>
−
Image:Coralberry.jpg|''Symphoricarpos orbiculatus'' fruits, mid-October
+
File:Symphoricarpos_albus_3049.JPG|''[[Symphoricarpos albus]]'' flowers
−
Image:Lonicera symphoricarpos Ypey55.jpg| ''Symphoricarpos vulgaris'' . Drawn by Eersde Deel, 1813.
+
Image:Coralberry.jpg|''[[Symphoricarpos orbiculatus]]'' fruits, mid-October
 +
Image:Lonicera symphoricarpos Ypey55.jpg| ''[[Symphoricarpos vulgaris]]'' . Drawn by Eersde Deel, 1813.
 +
Image:Coralberries.JPG|''Symphoricarpos orbiculatus'' fruits in winter
 +
Image:Coral berries in prairie.JPG|''Symphoricarpos orbiculatus'' fruits in autumn
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
    +
==References==
 +
<references/>
 +
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 +
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
 +
<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
    +
==External links==
 +
*{{wplink}}
   −
[[Category:Caprifoliaceae]]
+
{{stub}}
 +
__NOTOC__
Retrieved from "http://gardenology.mywikis.net/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/129803"