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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia

|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia

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'''''Syringa josikaea''''' ('''Hungarian Lilac''') is a species of [[Lilac]], native to central and eastern [[Europe]], in the [[Carpathian Mountains]] in [[Hungary]], [[Romania]], and western [[Ukraine]].<ref name=rushforth>Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.</ref><ref name=fe>Flora Europaea: [http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Syringa&SPECIES_XREF=josikaea&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= ''Syringa josikaea'']</ref>

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It is a [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] growing to a height of 2-4 m. The [[leaf|leaves]] are elliptic-acute, 6–12 cm long, with a finely hairy margin. The [[flower]]s are dark pink, with a tubular base to the [[Corolla (flower)|corolla]] 15 mm long with a narrow four-lobed apex 3–4 mm across, with a strong fragrance; they are produced in slender [[panicle]]s up to 15 cm long in early summer. The [[fruit]] is a dry, smooth brown [[capsule (fruit)|capsule]], splitting in two to release the two winged [[seed]]s.<ref name=rushforth/><ref name=rhs>Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.</ref><ref name=pfaf>Plants for a Future: [http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Syringa+josikaea ''Syringa josikaea'']</ref>

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Syringa josikaea, Jacq. Shrub, attaining 12 ft., with upright, stout, terete branches: lvs. broadly elliptic to elliptic-oblong, acute at both ends, finely ciliate, dark green and shining above, glabrous or pubescent on the midrib beneath, 2 1/2 - 5 in. long: fls. violet, short-pedicelled or almost sessile, clustered, in rather narrow panicles 3-7 in. long; corolla with the half-upright lobes 3/4 in. long; stamens inserted somewhat above the middle of the tube. June. Hungary.— Less handsome than most other species, but valuable for its late blooming season. Var. pallida, Hort., has pale violet fls.; var. rubra, Hort., reddish violet fls.

Syringa josikaea, Jacq. Shrub, attaining 12 ft., with upright, stout, terete branches: lvs. broadly elliptic to elliptic-oblong, acute at both ends, finely ciliate, dark green and shining above, glabrous or pubescent on the midrib beneath, 2 1/2 - 5 in. long: fls. violet, short-pedicelled or almost sessile, clustered, in rather narrow panicles 3-7 in. long; corolla with the half-upright lobes 3/4 in. long; stamens inserted somewhat above the middle of the tube. June. Hungary. B.M. 3278. B.R. 1730.— Less handsome than most other species, but valuable for its late blooming season. Var. pallida, Hort., has pale violet fls.; var. rubra, Hort., reddish violet fls.

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==Cultivation==

==Cultivation==

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Growing conditions allow for cool to temperate climate and are fully frost hardy. The plant also grows in full sun to semi shade.<ref name=pfaf/> Despite its continental European origin, it has proved to be surprisingly successful when cultivated in the oceanic extremes of northwestern Europe on the [[Faroe Islands]] and in arctic northern [[Norway]] north to [[Kirkenes]].<ref name=hojgaard>Højgaard, A., Jóhansen, J., & Ødum, S. (1989). A century of tree planting on the Faroe Islands. Ann. Soc. Sci. Faeroensis Supplementum 14.</ref>

===Propagation===

===Propagation===

 

===Pests and diseases===

===Pests and diseases===

==Species==

 

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==Varieties==

It has [[Hybrid (biology)|hybridised]] in cultivation with the closely related ''[[Syringa komarowii]]'' from China; the hybrid is named ''Syringa × josiflexa''.<ref name=rhs/>

==Gallery==

==Gallery==

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Image:Syringa josiflexa A.jpg|''Syringa × josiflexa'' flowers; its parent ''S. josikaea'' differs in the corolla lobes being forward-pointing, not reflexed (a character inherited from its other parent ''S. komarowii'').

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==References==

==References==

<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->

<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->

<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->

<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->

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