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|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381

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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381

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'''''Grevillea robusta''''', commonly known as the '''southern silky oak''' or '''Silky-oak''', or '''Australian Silver-oak''', is the largest species in the genus ''Grevillea''. It is a native of eastern coastal [[Australia]], in riverine, subtropical and dry rainforest environments receiving more than 1,000 mm per year of average rainfall. It is a fast growing [[evergreen]] tree, between 18-35 m tall with dark green delicately dented bipinnatifid [[leaf|leaves]] reminiscent of a [[fern]] frond. It is the largest plant in the Grevillea genus, reaching diameters in excess of one metre. These leaves are generally 15-30 cm long with greyish white or rusty undersides. Its [[flower]]s are golden-orange [[bottlebrush]]-like blooms, between 8-15 cm long, in the spring, on a 2-3 cm long stem and are used for honey production. The [[seed]]s mature in late winter to early spring, fruiting on dark brown leathery dehiscent follicles, about 2 cm long, with one or two flat, winged seeds.

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When young it can be grown as a [[houseplant]] where it can tolerate light shade, but prefers full sun as it grows best in warm zones. If planted outside, young trees need protection on frosty nights. Once established it is hardier and tolerates temperatures down to about &minus;8 °C (17 °F)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.gardenguides.com/plants/plant.asp?symbol=GRRO | title=Garden Guides: Silkoak}}</ref>. It needs occasional water but is otherwise fairly drought-resistant.

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''Grevillea robusta'' is often used as stock for grafting difficult-to-grow grevilleas.

 

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The flowers and fruit contain [[toxic]] [[hydrogen cyanide]].<ref>Everist, S.L., ''Poisonous Plants of Australia'', Angus & Robertson, 1974.</ref> Tridecylresorcinol in ''G.robusta'' is responsible for [[contact dermatitis]].<ref>Menz, J., Rossi, R., Taylor, W.C, Wall, L., Contact dermatitis from Grevillea'Robyn Gordon', ''Contact Dermatitis'', Vol. 15, Iss. 3, pp 126-131, Apr 2006</ref>

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Grevillea robusta, Cunn. Silk Oak. One of the most popular of all fern-leaved pot-plants. When young (from 2-5 ft. high) it makes a most graceful subject. In glasshouses it is not grown to large plants, and, therefore, little is known of the great size which it attains in its native forest. According to Von Mueller, it is "indigenous to the subtropical part of E. Austral., rising to 150 ft., of rather rapid growth, and resisting drought to a remarkable degree; hence one of the most eligible trees even for desert culture, though naturally a sylvan plant. The wood is elastic and durable, valued particularly for staves of casks, also for furniture. The richly developed golden yellow trusses of fls. attract honey-sucking birds and bees through several months of the year. The seeds are copiously produced and germinate readily. Rate of growth in Victoria, 20-30 ft. in 20 years. In Ceylon it attained a stem- circumference of 5 ft. in 8 years." In Calif, and S. Fla. it is a street lawn tree, although the branches break easily in exposed places. When grown in the open, it will stand some frost. As a glasshouse plant it is grown almost wholly from seeds, and is used in its young state; as the plant becomes old, it loses its leaves and becomes ragged below. It thrives in the temperature suited to geraniums or roses, and it stands much hard usage and neglect. It is popular as a window subject. Best results with grevillea are usually secured by raising a fresh stock every year, from seed sown late in winter or in spring. The following winter or spring they will be in 4-6 in. pots, and will be in their prime. The young plants need frequent repotting to keep them in good condition. Grevillea robusta has come to be generally known as a florists' plant within the past thirty years. Lvs. twice-pinnatifid (or the pinna deeply pinnatifid), or nearly 3-pinnate under cult., the ultimate divisions narrow and pointed and sometimes lobed, pubescent: racemes 3—4 in. long, solitary or several together on short leafless branches of the old wood; fls. orange, glabrous, the tube ¼ in. long, the parts revolute: fr. about ¾ in. long, broad, very oblique. B.M. 3184. G.2:615; 8:680. G.L. 24:40. A.G. 14:115. A.F. 4:413.—In the W. Indies the plant is much grown, and it is often trimmed to desired shape. In exposed places the foliage becomes golden in cast. Var. compacts, Hort., is a condensed dwarf form with handsome foliage, G.C. III. 49:375. G.M. 54:452. G. 33:393. F. E. 31:1259. Var. pyramidalis, Hort., is offered abroad. Var. F6rsteri (G. forsteri, Hort.) is a form of G. robusta. It has silvery foliage, large trusses of deep bright red fls., and much stronger growth. R.B. 24:3.

Grevillea robusta, Cunn. Silk Oak. Fig. 1768. One of the most popular of all fern-leaved pot-plants. When young (from 2-5 ft. high) it makes a most graceful subject. In glasshouses it is not grown to large plants, and, therefore, little is known of the great size which it attains in its native forest. According to Von Mueller, it is "indigenous to the subtropical part of E. Austral., rising to 150 ft., of rather rapid growth, and resisting drought to a remarkable degree; hence one of the most eligible trees even for desert culture, though naturally a sylvan plant. The wood is elastic and durable, valued particularly for staves of casks, also for furniture. The richly developed golden yellow trusses of fls. attract honey-sucking birds and bees through several months of the year. The seeds are copiously produced and germinate readily. Rate of growth in Victoria, 20-30 ft. in 20 years. In Ceylon it attained a stem- circumference of 5 ft. in 8 years." In Calif, and S. Fla. it is a street lawn tree, although the branches break easily in exposed places. When grown in the open, it will stand some frost. As a glasshouse plant it is grown almost wholly from seeds, and is used in its young state; as the plant becomes old, it loses its leaves and becomes ragged below. It thrives in the temperature suited to geraniums or roses, and it stands much hard usage and neglect. It is popular as a window subject. Best results with grevillea are usually secured by raising a fresh stock every year, from seed sown late in winter or in spring. The following winter or spring they will be in 4-6 in. pots, and will be in their prime. The young plants need frequent repotting to keep them in good condition. Grevillea robusta has come to be generally known as a florists' plant within the past thirty years. Lvs. twice-pinnatifid (or the pinna deeply pinnatifid), or nearly 3-pinnate under cult., the ultimate divisions narrow and pointed and sometimes lobed, pubescent: racemes 3—4 in. long, solitary or several together on short leafless branches of the old wood; fls. orange, glabrous, the tube ¼ in. long, the parts revolute: fr. about ¾ in. long, broad, very oblique. B.M. 3184. G.2:615; 8:680. G.L. 24:40. A.G. 14:115. A.F. 4:413.—In the W. Indies the plant is much grown, and it is often trimmed to desired shape. In exposed places the foliage becomes golden in cast. Var. compacts, Hort., is a condensed dwarf form with handsome foliage, G.C. III. 49:375. G.M. 54:452. G. 33:393. F. E. 31:1259. Var. pyramidalis, Hort., is offered abroad. Var. F6rsteri (G. forsteri, Hort.) is a form of G. robusta. It has silvery foliage, large trusses of deep bright red fls., and much stronger growth. R.B. 24:3.

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==Gallery==

==Gallery==

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  Image:Grevillea robusta leaves and dry seed pods.jpg|Leaves and dry seed pods

  Image:Grevillea robusta dry seed pod.jpg|Dry seed pod

  Image:Grevillea robusta_seeds_01.JPG|Seed pod and seeds

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