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'''''Aesculus californica''''' ('''California Buckeye''' or '''California Horse-chestnut''') is a species of [[Aesculus|buckeye]] that is [[endemic (ecology)|endemic]] to California, and the only buckeye native to the state.
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It is a large [[shrub]] or small [[tree]] growing to 4–12 m tall, with gray bark often coated with [[lichen]]s or mosses. It typically is multi-trunked with a crown as broad as it is high. The leaves are dark green, palmately compound with five (rarely seven) leaflets, each leaflet 6–17 cm long, with a finely toothed margin and (particularly in spring) downy surfaces. The leaves are tender and prone to damage from both spring freezing or snow and summer heat and desiccation.
The flowers are sweet-scented, white to pale pink, produced in erect [[panicle]]s 15–20 cm long and 5–8 cm broad. The nectar is toxic and can kill honey bees. The [[fruit]] is a fig-shaped [[capsule (fruit)|capsule]] 5–8 cm long, containing a large (2–5 cm), round, orange-brown [[seed]]; the seeds are poisonous. The California Buckeye has adapted to its native [[Mediterranean climate]] by growing during the wet winter and spring months and entering dormancy in late summer, though those growing in coastal regions tend to hold on to their leaves until mid-autumn; it begins the year's growth in early spring and begins dropping leaves by mid-summer.
==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
===Propagation===
===Propagation===
===Pests and diseases===
===Pests and diseases===
==Varieties==
==Varieties==
==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery perrow=5>
File:Aesculus californica flowers Los Trancos CA.jpg| photo 1
<gallery>
File:Aesculus californica-26.jpg| photo 2
File:Aesculus californica-Seed-3.jpg| photo 3
File:Aesculus californica-11.jpg
</gallery>
</gallery>
==References==
==References==
<references/>
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 -->
<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 -->
*Casebeer, M. (2004). ''Discover California Shrubs''. Sonora, California: Hooker Press. ISBN 0-9665463-1-8
*Bakker, E. (1971). "An Island Called California". Berkeley, California: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-04948-9
==External links==
==External links==
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