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{{SPlantbox
| name = ''LATINNAME'' <!--- replace LATINNAME with the actual latin name -->
|genus=Brassica
| common_names = <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
|species=oleracea
| growth_habit = ? <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
|subspecies=Broccoli
| high = ? <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
|cultivar=Italica Group
| wide = <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
|habit=herbaceous
|exposure=sun
|water=moderate
|features=edible
| exposure = ? <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
|Temp Metric=°F
| water = ? <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
| features = <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
|image=Broccoli bunches.jpg
| hardiness = <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
|image_width=240
| bloom = <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
|image_caption=Broccoli, cultivar unknown
}}
'''Broccoli''' is a plant in the [[Brassicaceae|cabbage family]], whose large flower head is used as a vegetable.
| image = Broccoli bunches.jpg
Broccoli is classified in the Italica [[cultivar group]] of the species ''[[Brassica oleracea]]''. Broccoli has large [[flower head]]s, usually green in color, arranged in a tree-like fashion on [[branches]] [[sprouting]] from a thick, edible [[plant stem|stalk]]. The mass of flower heads is surrounded by leaves. Broccoli most closely resembles [[cauliflower]], which is a different cultivar group of the same species.
| image_width = 240px <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
| image_caption = Broccoli, cultivar unknown
| divisio = <!--- Phylum -->
| subspecies = Broccoli
}}
}}
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==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
Broccoli is a cool-weather crop that does poorly in hot summer weather. Broccoli grows best when exposed to an average daily temperature between {{convert|18|and|23|°C|°F}}.<ref>{{cite web|title = HGIC 1301 Broccoli|last = Smith|first = Powell|date = June 1999|publisher = [[Clemson University]]|url = http://www.clemson.edu/extension/hgic/plants/vegetables/crops/hgic1301.html|accessdate = 25 August 2009}}</ref>
When the cluster of flowers, also referred to as a "head" of broccoli, appear in the center of the plant, the cluster is green. Garden pruners or shears are used to cut the head about an inch from the tip. Broccoli should be cultivated before the flowers on the head bloom bright yellow.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title = Broccoli|last = Liptay|first = Albert|year = 1988|publisher = [[World Book Encyclopedia|World Book, Inc.]]}}</ref>
===Propagation===
===Propagation===
Seed.
===Pests and diseases===
===Pests and diseases===
{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
==Species==
==Varieties==
There are three commonly grown types of broccoli. The most familiar is a often referred to simply as "broccoli", and sometimes calabrese named after [[Calabria]] in Italy. It has large (10 to 20 cm) green heads and thick stalks. It is a cool season annual crop.
'''Sprouting broccoli''' has a larger number of heads with many thin stalks. It is planted in May to be harvested during the winter or early the following year in temperate climates. The heirloom variety "calabrese" available in North America is of this type.
[[Romanesco broccoli]] has a distinctive [[fractal]] appearance of its heads, and is yellow-green in colour. It is technically in the Botrytis ([[cauliflower]]) cultivar group.
'''Purple cauliflower''' is a type of broccoli sold in southern Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom. It has a head shaped like cauliflower, but consisting of tiny flower buds. It sometimes, but not always, has a purple cast to the tips of the flower buds.
Other cultivar groups of ''Brassica oleracea'' include [[cabbage]] (Capitata Group), [[cauliflower]] (Botrytis Group), [[kale]] and [[collard greens]] (Acephala Group), [[kohlrabi]] (Gongylodes Group), and [[Brussels sprout]]s (Gemmifera Group). [[Chinese broccoli]] (Alboglabra Group) is also a cultivar group of ''Brassica oleracea''.<ref name=Dixon2007>{{cite book|last1 = Dixon|first1 = G.R.|year = 2007|title = Vegetable brassicas and related crucifers|isbn = 9780851993959|publisher = CABI|location = Wallingford}}</ref>
==Gallery==
==Gallery==
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