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Hardiness zone (view source)

Revision as of 11:58, 11 February 2009

1,994 bytes removed ,  11:58, 11 February 2009
diversify locations
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{| border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="700"
 
{| border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="700"
 
| style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#663300;" align="center" height="17" | '''Zone'''
 
| style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#663300;" align="center" height="17" | '''Zone'''
 +
| style=" color:#800000" align="center" | '''Celsius [°C]'''
 
| style=" color:#800000" align="center" | '''Fahrenheit [°F]'''
 
| style=" color:#800000" align="center" | '''Fahrenheit [°F]'''
−
| style=" color:#800000" align="center" | '''Celsius [°C]'''
   
| style=" color:#800000" align="center" | '''Example Cities'''
 
| style=" color:#800000" align="center" | '''Example Cities'''
 +
|-----
 +
| style="background: #FA965A" align="center"| 0
 +
| align="center" | Below -50 C
 +
| align="center" | Below -60 F
 +
| Verkhoyansk, Russia
 
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #FA965A" align="center"| 1
 
| style="background: #FA965A" align="center"| 1
−
| align="center" | Below -50 F
+
| align="center" | -45 to -50 C
−
| align="center" | Below -45.6 C
+
| align="center" | -50 to -60 F
−
| Fairbanks, Alaska;   Resolute, Northwest Territories (Canada)
+
| Fairbanks, Alaska; Yakutsk, Russia
 
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #8CA0D2" align="center"| 2a
 
| style="background: #8CA0D2" align="center"| 2a
 +
| align="center" | -43 to -45 C
 
| align="center" | -50 to -45 F   
 
| align="center" | -50 to -45 F   
−
| align="center" | -42.8 to -45.5 C
+
| Prudhoe Bay, Alaska; Irkutsk, Russia
−
| Prudhoe Bay, Alaska;   Flin Flon, Manitoba (Canada)
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #4678C8" align="center"| 2b
 
| style="background: #4678C8" align="center"| 2b
 +
| align="center" | -40 to -43 C
 
| align="center" | -45 to -40 F
 
| align="center" | -45 to -40 F
−
| align="center" | -40.0 to -42.7 C
+
| Novosibirsk, Russia; Pinecreek, Minnesota  
−
| Unalakleet, Alaska;   Pinecreek, Minnesota  
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #F5962D" align="center"| 3a
 
| style="background: #F5962D" align="center"| 3a
 +
| align="center" | -37 to -40 C
 
| align="center" | -40 to -35 F
 
| align="center" | -40 to -35 F
−
| align="center" | -37.3 to -39.9 C
+
| Omsk, Russia; St. Michael, Alaska
−
| International Falls, Minnesota;   St. Michael, Alaska
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #E65A0A" align="center"| 3b
 
| style="background: #E65A0A" align="center"| 3b
 +
| align="center" | -34 to -37 C
 
| align="center" | -35 to -30 F
 
| align="center" | -35 to -30 F
−
| align="center" | -34.5 to -37.2 C
+
| Yekatarinburg, Russia; Tomahawk, Wisconsin
−
| Tomahawk, Wisconsin;  Sidney, Montana
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #A09BC3" align="center"| 4a
 
| style="background: #A09BC3" align="center"| 4a
 +
| align="center" | -32 to -34 C
 
| align="center" | -30 to -25 F
 
| align="center" | -30 to -25 F
−
| align="center" | -31.7 to -34.4 C
+
| Kazan, Russia; Minneapolis/St.Paul, Minnesota
−
| Minneapolis/St.Paul, Minnesota;  Lewistown, Montana
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #505596" align="center"| 4b
 
| style="background: #505596" align="center"| 4b
 +
| align="center" | -29 to -32 C
 
| align="center" | -25 to -20 F
 
| align="center" | -25 to -20 F
−
| align="center" | -28.9 to -31.6 C
+
| Moscow, Russia; Northwood, Iowa
−
| Northwood, Iowa; Nebraska
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #B9C8A0" align="center"| 5a
 
| style="background: #B9C8A0" align="center"| 5a
 +
| align="center" | -26 to -29 C
 
| align="center" | -20 to -15 F
 
| align="center" | -20 to -15 F
−
| align="center" | -26.2 to -28.8 C
+
| St Peterburg, Russia; Des Moines, Iowa
−
| Des Moines, Iowa;  Illinois
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #55781E" align="center"| 5b
 
| style="background: #55781E" align="center"| 5b
 +
| align="center" | -23 to -26 C
 
| align="center" | -15 to -10 F
 
| align="center" | -15 to -10 F
−
| align="center" | -23.4 to -26.1 C
+
| Helsinki, Finland; Columbia, Missouri
−
| Columbia, Missouri;  Mansfield, Pennsylvania
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #FADC78" align="center"| 6a
 
| style="background: #FADC78" align="center"| 6a
 +
| align="center" | -20 to -23 C
 
| align="center" | -10 to -5 F
 
| align="center" | -10 to -5 F
−
| align="center" | -20.6 to -23.3 C
+
| Stockholm, Sweden; St. Louis, Missouri
−
| St. Louis, Missouri; Lebanon, Pennsylvania
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #F5D21E" align="center"| 6b
 
| style="background: #F5D21E" align="center"| 6b
 +
| align="center" | -18 to -20 C
 
| align="center" | -5 to 0 F
 
| align="center" | -5 to 0 F
−
| align="center" | -17.8 to -20.5 C
+
| Berlin, Germany; Branson, Missouri; Beijing, China
−
| McMinnville, Tennessee;   Branson, Missouri
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #FAAAA0" align="center"| 7a
 
| style="background: #FAAAA0" align="center"| 7a
 +
| align="center" | -15 to -18 C
 
| align="center" | 0 to 5 F
 
| align="center" | 0 to 5 F
−
| align="center" | -15.0 to -17.7 C
+
| København, Denmark; South Boston, Virginia; Xi'an, China
−
| Oklahoma City, Oklahoma;   South Boston, Virginia
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #F06E5A" align="center"| 7b
 
| style="background: #F06E5A" align="center"| 7b
 +
| align="center" | -12 to -15 C
 
| align="center" | 5 to 10 F
 
| align="center" | 5 to 10 F
−
| align="center" | -12.3 to -14.9 C
+
| Amsterdam, Netherlands; Griffin, Georgia
−
| Little Rock, Arkansas;   Griffin, Georgia
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #B49646" align="center"| 8a
 
| style="background: #B49646" align="center"| 8a
 +
| align="center" | -9 to -12 C
 
| align="center" | 10 to 15 F
 
| align="center" | 10 to 15 F
−
| align="center" | -9.5 to -12.2 C
+
| Paris, France; Dallas, Texas
−
| Tifton, Georgia;   Dallas, Texas
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #8C6419" align="center"| 8b
 
| style="background: #8C6419" align="center"| 8b
 +
| align="center" | -7 to -9 C
 
| align="center" | 15 to 20 F
 
| align="center" | 15 to 20 F
−
| align="center" | -6.7 to -9.4 C
+
| Istanbul, Turkey; Gainesville, Florida; Tokyo, Japan
−
| Austin, Texas;   Gainesville, Florida
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #E6AF7D" align="center"| 9a
 
| style="background: #E6AF7D" align="center"| 9a
 +
| align="center" | -4 to -7 C
 
| align="center" | 20 to 25 F
 
| align="center" | 20 to 25 F
−
| align="center" | -3.9 to -6.6 C
+
| London, England; St. Augustine, Florida; Shanghai, China
−
| Houston, Texas;   St. Augustine, Florida
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #DC9650" align="center"| 9b
 
| style="background: #DC9650" align="center"| 9b
 +
| align="center" | -1 to -4 C
 
| align="center" | 25 to 30 F
 
| align="center" | 25 to 30 F
−
| align="center" | -1.2 to -3.8 C
+
| Rome, Italy; Brownsville, Texas; Osaka, Japan
−
| Brownsville, Texas;   Fort Pierce, Florida
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #E1B4A5" align="center"| 10a
 
| style="background: #E1B4A5" align="center"| 10a
 +
| align="center" | 2 to -1 C
 
| align="center" | 30 to 35 F
 
| align="center" | 30 to 35 F
−
| align="center" | 1.6 to -1.1 C
+
| Lisbon, Portugal; Victorville, California; Melbourne, Australia
−
| Naples, Florida;   Victorville, California
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #DC8C64" align="center"| 10b
 
| style="background: #DC8C64" align="center"| 10b
 +
| align="center" | 4 to 2 C
 
| align="center" | 35 to 40 F
 
| align="center" | 35 to 40 F
−
| align="center" | 4.4 to 1.7 C
+
| Auckland, New Zealand; Coral Gables, Florida; Guangzhou (Canton), China
−
| Miami, Florida;   Coral Gables, Florida
   
|-----
 
|-----
 
| style="background: #E15000" align="center"| 11
 
| style="background: #E15000" align="center"| 11
 +
| align="center" | above 4 C
 
| align="center" | above 40 F
 
| align="center" | above 40 F
−
| align="center" | above 4.5 C
+
| Santa Cruz, Tenerife; Mazatlan, Mexico; Brisbane, Australia
−
| Honolulu, Hawaii;   Mazatlan, Mexico
   
|}
 
|}
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The USDA first issued its standardized hardiness-zone map in 1960, and revised it in 1965. A new map was issued in 1990, based on U.S. and Canadian data from 1974 through 1986 (and 1971-1984 for Mexico). While the 1990-issue map utilized approximately double the number of stations, it also divided the temperature-zones into five-degree a/b zones for greater accuracy. This revised map showed many areas to be suddenly colder than the 1960 map, due largely to a number of severely colder winters in the central and eastern U.S. in the 1974-1986 data-gathering period as opposed to the mid-20th-century data-sampling period used in the 1960 map.
 
The USDA first issued its standardized hardiness-zone map in 1960, and revised it in 1965. A new map was issued in 1990, based on U.S. and Canadian data from 1974 through 1986 (and 1971-1984 for Mexico). While the 1990-issue map utilized approximately double the number of stations, it also divided the temperature-zones into five-degree a/b zones for greater accuracy. This revised map showed many areas to be suddenly colder than the 1960 map, due largely to a number of severely colder winters in the central and eastern U.S. in the 1974-1986 data-gathering period as opposed to the mid-20th-century data-sampling period used in the 1960 map.
   −
The 1990 map shows 10 different zones, each of which represents an area of winter hardiness for the plants of agriculture and our natural landscape. This was revised to introduce zone 11, representing areas that have average annual minimum temperatures above 40°F (4.4°C) and that are therefore essentially frost-free.
+
The 1990 map shows 10 different zones, each of which represents an area of winter hardiness for the plants of agriculture and our natural landscape. This was revised to introduce zone 11, representing areas that have average annual minimum temperatures above 4°C and that are therefore essentially frost-free.
    
*[http://nlwis-snite1.agr.gc.ca/plant00/index.phtml Canada USDA zone map]
 
*[http://nlwis-snite1.agr.gc.ca/plant00/index.phtml Canada USDA zone map]
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Once the Foundation analyzed the new data, hardiness zones were revised, generally reflecting warmer recent temperatures in many parts of the country. The Arbor Day Foundation used the updated versions of the same sources of data as had been utilized by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in the creation of its hardiness zone maps.  The 2004 map appears to validate the data used in the 2003 draft completed by the AHS. Like the AHS map, it also did away with the more detailed a/b half-zone delineations. http://www.arborday.org/media/zones.cfm
 
Once the Foundation analyzed the new data, hardiness zones were revised, generally reflecting warmer recent temperatures in many parts of the country. The Arbor Day Foundation used the updated versions of the same sources of data as had been utilized by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in the creation of its hardiness zone maps.  The 2004 map appears to validate the data used in the 2003 draft completed by the AHS. Like the AHS map, it also did away with the more detailed a/b half-zone delineations. http://www.arborday.org/media/zones.cfm
−
  −
===U.S. Cities===
  −
Here are the USDA plant hardiness zones for major U.S. cities (based on the draft 2003 map):
  −
{| cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0"
  −
|- bgcolor="#cccccc"
  −
!width="200"|City
  −
!width="60"|Zone
  −
!width="200"|City
  −
!width="60"|Zone
  −
|- bgcolor="efefef"
  −
| [[Albuquerque, New Mexico]] || '''7''' || [[Oklahoma City, Oklahoma]] || '''7'''
  −
|-
  −
| [[Anchorage, Alaska]] || '''4''' || [[Omaha, Nebraska]] || '''5'''
  −
|- bgcolor="efefef"
  −
| [[Atlanta, Georgia]] || '''7-8''' || [[Orlando, Florida]] || '''9-10'''
  −
|-
  −
| [[Baltimore, Maryland]] || '''7-8''' || [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]] || '''7'''
  −
|- bgcolor="efefef"
  −
| [[Boston, Massachusetts]] || '''6-7''' || [[Phoenix, Arizona]] || '''9'''
  −
|-
  −
| [[Burlington, Vermont]] || '''4''' || [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]] || '''6'''
  −
|- bgcolor="efefef"
  −
| [[Chicago|Chicago, Illinois]] || '''5-6''' || [[Portland, Maine]] || '''5-6'''
  −
|-
  −
| [[Cincinnati, Ohio]] || '''7''' || [[Portland, Oregon]] || '''9'''
  −
|- bgcolor="efefef"
  −
| [[Dallas, Texas]] || '''8''' || [[Raleigh, North Carolina]] || '''8'''
  −
|-
  −
| [[Denver, Colorado]] || '''5-6'''|| [[St. Louis, Missouri]] || '''6'''
  −
|- bgcolor="efefef"
  −
| [[Detroit, Michigan]] || '''5-6'''|| [[Salt Lake City, Utah]] || '''7'''
  −
|-
  −
| [[Honolulu, Hawaii]] || '''11''' || [[San Antonio, Texas]] || '''9'''
  −
|- bgcolor="efefef"
  −
| [[Houston, Texas]] || '''9''' || [[San Diego, California]] || '''10'''
  −
|-
  −
| [[Las Vegas, Nevada]] || '''9''' || [[San Francisco, California]] || '''10'''
  −
|- bgcolor="efefef"
  −
| [[Los Angeles, California]] || '''10''' || [[Seattle, Washington]] || '''8'''
  −
|-
  −
| [[Memphis, Tennessee]] || '''8'''|| [[Tampa, Florida]] || '''10'''
  −
|- bgcolor="efefef"
  −
| [[Miami, Florida]] || '''11''' || [[Tucson, Arizona]] || '''8''' ||
  −
|-
  −
| [[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] || '''5''' || [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]] || '''7'''
  −
|- bgcolor="efefef"
  −
| [[Nashville, Tennessee]] || '''7'''|| [[Washington, D.C.]] || '''7-8'''
  −
|-
  −
| [[New Orleans, Louisiana]] || '''9''' || [[Wichita, Kansas]] || '''6'''
  −
|- bgcolor="efefef"
  −
| [[New York City|New York, New York]] || '''7''' || [[Wilmington, Delaware]] || '''7-8'''
  −
|-
  −
|}
      
==Sunset Hardiness Zones==
 
==Sunset Hardiness Zones==
Trees
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