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Lathyrus (view source)

Revision as of 15:07, 12 July 2009

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Lathyrus''
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| common_names = Sweet peas
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Grass vetchling close 800.jpg
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| image_width = 180px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = Grass Vetchling, ''Lathyrus nissolia''
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = Fabales
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| familia = Fabaceae
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| tribus = Vicieae
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| genus = Lathyrus
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}}
 
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Lathyrus (name used by Theophrastus for some leguminous plant). Leguminosae. Annual and perennial, climbing and upright herbs and shrubby plants with pinnate leaves, half-sagittate stipules and showy papilionaceous flowers.
 
Lathyrus (name used by Theophrastus for some leguminous plant). Leguminosae. Annual and perennial, climbing and upright herbs and shrubby plants with pinnate leaves, half-sagittate stipules and showy papilionaceous flowers.
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The perennials are of comparatively easy cultivation, succeeding in any garden soil. The annuals are more exacting in their requirements, demanding a moderately rich garden soil, abundant moisture, coolness and depth for their roots, and open sunlight. All are grown from seed, sown very early in the open to secure the required coolness for the roots. The perennials are propagated, in addition, by division, special varieties being increased by cuttings in the fall, after the flowering season, or in spring from old plants stored in the greenhouse. The roots of perennials are long and fleshy, and, when once established, usually continue for years without attention.
 
The perennials are of comparatively easy cultivation, succeeding in any garden soil. The annuals are more exacting in their requirements, demanding a moderately rich garden soil, abundant moisture, coolness and depth for their roots, and open sunlight. All are grown from seed, sown very early in the open to secure the required coolness for the roots. The perennials are propagated, in addition, by division, special varieties being increased by cuttings in the fall, after the flowering season, or in spring from old plants stored in the greenhouse. The roots of perennials are long and fleshy, and, when once established, usually continue for years without attention.
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{{SCH}}
 
}}
 
}}
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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{{Taxobox
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==Species==
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = Sweet peas
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| image = Grass vetchling close 800.jpg
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| image_width = 250px
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| image_caption = Grass Vetchling, ''Lathyrus nissolia''
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Fabales]]
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| familia = [[Fabaceae]]
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| subfamilia = [[Faboideae]]
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| tribus = [[Vicieae]]
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| genus = '''''Lathyrus'''''
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
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| subdivision =
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See text.
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}}
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The [[genus]] '''''Lathyrus''''' consists of the '''sweet peas''' and '''vetchlings''', [[flowering plant]]s in the [[legume]] family [[Fabaceae]]. There are approximately 160 species of ''Lathyrus''; they are native to [[temperate]] areas, with a breakdown of 52 species in Europe, 30 species in North America, 78 in Asia, 24 in tropical East Africa, and 24 in temperate South America.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Asmussen, Conny B; Liston, Aaron| title= Chloroplast DNA Characters, Phylogeny, and Classification of Lathyrus (Fabaceae)| journal= American Journal of Botany| year=March 1998 | volume=85| issue=3| pages= 387| url=}}</ref> There are [[Annual plant|annual]] and [[Perennial plant|perennial]] species which may be climbing or bushy.  This genus has numerous sections, including ''Orobus'', which was once a separate genus.<ref>{{cite book | author = Fred, Edwin Broun; Baldwin, Ira Lawrence; McCoy, Elizabeth  | date = 1932 | title = Root Nodule Bacteria and Leguminous Plants | publisher = UW-Madison Libraries Parallel Press | location = | id = ISBN 1-893311-28-7 | pages =142}}</ref>
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The genus includes the garden [[sweet pea]] (''Lathyrus odoratus'') and the [[Perennial plant|perennial]] [[everlasting pea]] (''Lathyrus latifolius''). [[Flower]]s on these cultivated species may be rose, red, maroon, pink, white, yellow, purple or blue and some are bicolored; they are also fragrant, which makes them a very popular garden plant. Cultivated species are susceptible to [[fungal]] infections including downy and powdery [[mildew]]. ''Lathyrus'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[Grey Chi]], [[Latticed Heath]] (both recorded on [[Meadow Vetchling]]) and ''[[Chionodes|Chionodes braunella]]''.
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Other species are grown for food, including ''[[Lathyrus sativus|L. sativus]]'' and  ''L. cicera'', and less commonly ''L. ochrus'' and ''L. clymenum''.  ''[[Lathyrus tuberosus|L. tuberosus]]'' is grown as a [[root vegetable]] for its starchy edible [[tuber]].
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The [[seed]]s of some ''Lathyrus'' species contain a toxic [[amino acid]] and if eaten in large quantities can cause [[lathyrism]], a serious disease.
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== Species ==
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* ''[[Lathyrus aureus]]'' (Golden Pea)
 
* ''[[Lathyrus aureus]]'' (Golden Pea)
 
* ''[[Lathyrus annuus]]'' (Red Fodder Pea)
 
* ''[[Lathyrus annuus]]'' (Red Fodder Pea)
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* ''[[Lathyrus tingitanus]]'' (Tangier Pea)
 
* ''[[Lathyrus tingitanus]]'' (Tangier Pea)
 
* ''[[Lathyrus tuberosus]]'' (Tuberous Pea)
 
* ''[[Lathyrus tuberosus]]'' (Tuberous Pea)
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List Source: Wikipedia
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Lathyrus aureus0.jpg|Golden Pea (''Lathyrus aureus'')
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Image:Lathyrus vernus 030403.jpg|''Lathyrus vernus''
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</gallery>
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==Notes==
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==References==
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<div class="references-small">
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<references/>
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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</div>
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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[[Image:Lathyrus aureus0.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Golden Pea (''Lathyrus aureus'')]]
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==External links==
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[[Image:Lathyrus vernus 030403.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''Lathyrus vernus'']]
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*{{wplink}}
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{{Commons|Lathyrus}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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[[Category:Faboideae]]
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[[Category:Garden plants]]
 
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