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Sacred fig (view source)

Revision as of 17:01, 11 August 2009

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{{Taxobox
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = ''Ficus religiosa''
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| name = Sacred Fig
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| common_names = Sacred Fig
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| growth_habit = tree
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = Bo_Tree.jpg
 
| image = Bo_Tree.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_width = 240px   <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = Leaves and trunk of a Sacred Fig. <br/>Note the distinctive leaf shape.
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| image_caption = Leaves and trunk of a Sacred Fig. Note the distinctive leaf shape.
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = [[Rosales]]
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| ordo = Rosales
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| familia = [[Moraceae]]
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| familia = Moraceae
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| genus = ''[[Ficus]]''
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| genus = Ficus
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| species = '''''F. religiosa'''''
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| species = religiosa
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| binomial = ''Ficus religiosa''
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}}
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| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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{{Inc|
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}}  
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Ficus religiosa, Linn. P.......... of the Hindoos. Lvs. ovate-rotund, at tip,........into a long linear-lanceolate tail-like ...........petiole 3-4 in. long; stipules minute: fr......pairs, sessile, dark purple, ½in. thick. In.....p.435.K.67a.Grows 100 ft. high, and........suspended on their long, flexible petioles,......the slightest breeze. "Quite hardy in S. .....attaining very large size."—Franceschi.
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{{SCH}}
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}}
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{{Inc|<br>Ficus religiosa, Linn. P.......... of the Hindoos. Lvs. ovate-rotund, at tip,........into a long linear-lanceolate tail-like ...........petiole 3-4 in. long; stipules minute: fr......pairs, sessile, dark purple, ½in. thick. In.....p.435.K.67a.Grows 100 ft. high, and........suspended on their long, flexible petioles,......the slightest breeze. "Quite hardy in S. .....attaining very large size."—Franceschi.
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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}}<br>  
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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The '''Sacred Fig''' ''Ficus religiosa'', also known as '''Bo''' (from the [[Sinhalese]] Bo), '''Peepal''' (Pipal, Peepul) or '''Ashwattha''' tree, is a species of [[Banyan]] [[Fig]] native to [[Nepal]] and [[India]], southwest [[China]] and [[Indochina]] east to [[Vietnam]]. It is a large [[Dry season]]-[[Deciduous]] or semi-[[Evergreen]] [[Tree]] up to 30m tall and with a [[Tree trunk|trunk]] diameter of up to 3m.
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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[[Image:Mahabodhitree.jpg|thumb|left]] The [[Leaf|leaves]] are [[wiktionary:Cordate|cordate]] in shape with a distinctive extended tip; they are 10-17cm long and 8-12cm broad, with a 6-10cm petiole. The [[Fruit]] is a small fig 1-1.5cm diameter, green ripening purple.
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==Species==
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<!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
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The [[Bodhi tree]] and the [[Sri Maha Bodhi]] propagated from it are famous specimens of Sacred Fig. The known planting date of the latter, [[288 BC]], gives it the oldest verified age for any [[Flowering plant|angiosperm]] plant.
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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This plant is considered sacred by the followers of [[Hinduism]], [[Jainism]] and [[Buddhism]], and hence the name 'Sacred Fig' was given to it. [[Siddhartha Gautama]] is referred to have been sitting underneath a Bo Tree when he was [[Bodhi|enlightened]] (Bodhi), or "awakened" (Buddha). Today [[Sadhu]]s still meditate below this tree. <br>  
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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[[Image:Pipal.jpg|thumb|right]]
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[[Image:Mahabodhitree.jpg|thumb|left]]
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</gallery>
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[[Image:Pipal.jpg|thumb|right]]
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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== Plaksa  ==
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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Plaksa is a Sanskrit term for the Sacred fig. According to Macdonell and Keith (1912), it denotes the waved leaf fig-tree (''Ficus infectoria'').
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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In Hindu texts, the Plaksa tree is associated with the source of the [[Sarasvati River]]. The [[Skanda Purana]] states that the Sarasvati originates from the water pot of [[Brahma]] and flows from [[Plaksa]] on the Himalayas. According to Vamana Purana 32.1-4, the Sarasvati was rising from the [[Plaksa tree]] (Pipal tree).<ref>D.S. Chauhan in Radhakrishna, B.P. and Merh, S.S. (editors): Vedic Sarasvati, 1999, p.35-44 </ref>
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Plaksa Pra-sravana denotes the place where the Sarasvati appears.<ref>Pancavimsa Brahmana, Jaiminiya Upanisad Brahmana, Katyayana Srauta Sutra, Latyayana Srauta; Macdonell and Keith 1912</ref> In the Rigveda Sutras, Plaksa Pra-sravana refers to the source of the Sarasvati.<ref>Asvalayana Srauta Sutra, Sankhayana Srauta Sutra; Macdonell and Keith 1912, II:55</ref>
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== Notes  ==
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<references />
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== See also  ==
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*[[Sri Maha Bodhi]]
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*[[Sitala]]
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== References  ==
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*Keith and Macdonell. 1912. Vedic Index of Names and Subjects.
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*[http://iu.ff.cuni.cz/pandanus/database/details.php?plantno=400094&enc=utf&sort=ka&display=50&reswind=this&lat=&skt=on&pkt=&tam=&start=0 plaksa description]
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== External links  ==
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{{commons|Ficus religiosa}}
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*[http://iu.ff.cuni.cz/pandanus/database/details.php?plantno=800009&enc=utf&sort=ka&display=50&reswind=this&lat=&skt=on&pkt=&tam=&start=0 sacred fig description]
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*{{ppn|b/bodhirukka.htm|Bodhi Tree}}
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[[Category:Ficus|Fig, Sacred]] [[Category:Flora_of_Asia]] [[Category:Flora_of_China]] [[Category:Flora_of_India]] [[Category:Flora_of_Pakistan]] [[Category:Medicinal_plants]]
 
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