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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Ryegrass
| image = Lolium.perenne1web.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Perennial Ryegrass (''Lolium perenne'')
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Poales]]
| familia = [[Poaceae]]
| genus = '''''Lolium'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text
}}
'''Ryegrass''' ('''''Lolium''''') is a genus of nine species of tufted [[grass]]es, family [[Poaceae]]. Also called '''tares''', these plants are native to [[Europe]], [[Asia]] and northern [[Africa]], but are widely cultivated and naturalised elsewhere. Ryegrasses are naturally [[diploid]], with 2n = 14, and are closely related to the [[fescue]]s ''Festuca''.
Ryegrass should not be confused with [[Rye]], which is a grain crop.
==Species==
The following are accepted as distinct species:
*''[[Lolium canariense]]'' Steud. - Canary Islands Ryegrass
*''[[Lolium edwardii]]'' H.Scholz, Stierst. & Gaisberg
*''[[Lolium multiflorum]]'' Lam. - Italian Ryegrass
*''[[Lolium perenne]]'' L. - Perennial Ryegrass
*''[[Lolium persicum]]'' - Persian Ryegrass or Persian Darnel
*''[[Lolium remotum]]'' Schrank
*''[[Lolium rigidum]]'' Gaudin - Stiff Darnel, Wimmera Ryegrass
*''[[Lolium temulentum]]'' L. - Darnel, Poison Darnel
==Cultivation and uses==
Ryegrasses contain some species which are important grasses for both [[lawn]]s, notably at [[The Championships, Wimbledon]], and as [[pasture]] and [[hay]] for [[livestock]], being a highly nutritious stock feed. They are also used in [[soil]] [[erosion]] control programs. It is the principal grazing grass in [[New Zealand]] where some 10 million kilograms of certified seed are produced every year. There is an enormous range of [[cultivar]]s. The primary species found worldwide and utilized for both lawns and as a forage crop is [[Perennial_ryegrass|perennial ryegrass]] (''Lolium perenne''). Like many cool-season grasses, it is often infected by a clandestine, fungal endophyte which lives symbiotically within its leaves.
Some species, particularly ''L. temulentum'', are [[weed]]s which can have a severe impact on the production of wheat and other crops. Ryegrass [[pollen]] is also one of the major causes of [[hay fever]].
==Synonyms==
[[Image:Illustration Lolium temulentum0.jpg|thumb|right|''Lolium temulentum'' (Poison Darnel)]]
*''L. ambiguum'' = ''Lolium multiflorum''
*''L. annuum'' = ''Lolium temulentum''
*''L. arundinaceum'' = ''Festuca arundinacea''
*''L. berteronianum'' = ''Lolium temulentum''
*''L. brasilianum'' = ''Lolium perenne''
*''L. canadense'' = ''Lolium perenne''
*''L. crassiculme'' = ''Lolium rigidum''
*''L. cuneatum'' = ''Lolium temulentum''
*''L. dorei'' = ''Lolium persicum''
*''L. giganteum'' = ''Festuca gigantea''
*''L. gracile'' = ''Lolium temulentum''
*''L. lepturoides'' = ''Lolium rigidum'' subsp. ''lepturoides''
*''L. marschallii'' = ''Lolium perenne''
*''L. parabolicae'' = ''Lolium rigidum''
*''L. pratense'' = ''Festuca pratensis''
*''L. remotum'' = ''Lolium temulentum'' subsp. ''remotum''
*''L. romanum'' = ''Lolium multiflorum''
*''L. scabrum'' = ''Lolium multiflorum''
*''L. siculum'' = ''Lolium multiflorum''
*''L. subulatum'' = ''Lolium rigidum'' subsp. ''lepturoides''
*''L. teres'' = ''Lolium rigidum'' subsp. ''lepturoides''
*''L. trabutii'' = ''Lolium rigidum''
==References==
*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Lolium&SPECIES_XREF=&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Lolium'']
{{Commons|Lolium perenne}}
[[Category:Grasses]]
[[Category:Lawn Grasses]]
| color = lightgreen
| name = Ryegrass
| image = Lolium.perenne1web.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Perennial Ryegrass (''Lolium perenne'')
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Poales]]
| familia = [[Poaceae]]
| genus = '''''Lolium'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text
}}
'''Ryegrass''' ('''''Lolium''''') is a genus of nine species of tufted [[grass]]es, family [[Poaceae]]. Also called '''tares''', these plants are native to [[Europe]], [[Asia]] and northern [[Africa]], but are widely cultivated and naturalised elsewhere. Ryegrasses are naturally [[diploid]], with 2n = 14, and are closely related to the [[fescue]]s ''Festuca''.
Ryegrass should not be confused with [[Rye]], which is a grain crop.
==Species==
The following are accepted as distinct species:
*''[[Lolium canariense]]'' Steud. - Canary Islands Ryegrass
*''[[Lolium edwardii]]'' H.Scholz, Stierst. & Gaisberg
*''[[Lolium multiflorum]]'' Lam. - Italian Ryegrass
*''[[Lolium perenne]]'' L. - Perennial Ryegrass
*''[[Lolium persicum]]'' - Persian Ryegrass or Persian Darnel
*''[[Lolium remotum]]'' Schrank
*''[[Lolium rigidum]]'' Gaudin - Stiff Darnel, Wimmera Ryegrass
*''[[Lolium temulentum]]'' L. - Darnel, Poison Darnel
==Cultivation and uses==
Ryegrasses contain some species which are important grasses for both [[lawn]]s, notably at [[The Championships, Wimbledon]], and as [[pasture]] and [[hay]] for [[livestock]], being a highly nutritious stock feed. They are also used in [[soil]] [[erosion]] control programs. It is the principal grazing grass in [[New Zealand]] where some 10 million kilograms of certified seed are produced every year. There is an enormous range of [[cultivar]]s. The primary species found worldwide and utilized for both lawns and as a forage crop is [[Perennial_ryegrass|perennial ryegrass]] (''Lolium perenne''). Like many cool-season grasses, it is often infected by a clandestine, fungal endophyte which lives symbiotically within its leaves.
Some species, particularly ''L. temulentum'', are [[weed]]s which can have a severe impact on the production of wheat and other crops. Ryegrass [[pollen]] is also one of the major causes of [[hay fever]].
==Synonyms==
[[Image:Illustration Lolium temulentum0.jpg|thumb|right|''Lolium temulentum'' (Poison Darnel)]]
*''L. ambiguum'' = ''Lolium multiflorum''
*''L. annuum'' = ''Lolium temulentum''
*''L. arundinaceum'' = ''Festuca arundinacea''
*''L. berteronianum'' = ''Lolium temulentum''
*''L. brasilianum'' = ''Lolium perenne''
*''L. canadense'' = ''Lolium perenne''
*''L. crassiculme'' = ''Lolium rigidum''
*''L. cuneatum'' = ''Lolium temulentum''
*''L. dorei'' = ''Lolium persicum''
*''L. giganteum'' = ''Festuca gigantea''
*''L. gracile'' = ''Lolium temulentum''
*''L. lepturoides'' = ''Lolium rigidum'' subsp. ''lepturoides''
*''L. marschallii'' = ''Lolium perenne''
*''L. parabolicae'' = ''Lolium rigidum''
*''L. pratense'' = ''Festuca pratensis''
*''L. remotum'' = ''Lolium temulentum'' subsp. ''remotum''
*''L. romanum'' = ''Lolium multiflorum''
*''L. scabrum'' = ''Lolium multiflorum''
*''L. siculum'' = ''Lolium multiflorum''
*''L. subulatum'' = ''Lolium rigidum'' subsp. ''lepturoides''
*''L. teres'' = ''Lolium rigidum'' subsp. ''lepturoides''
*''L. trabutii'' = ''Lolium rigidum''
==References==
*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Lolium&SPECIES_XREF=&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Lolium'']
{{Commons|Lolium perenne}}
[[Category:Grasses]]
[[Category:Lawn Grasses]]