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Vernonia (after Wm. Vernon, an English botanist who traveled in North America). Compositae. Iron-weed. Perennial herbs or in the tropics shrubs and trees.
Leaves alternate, pinnately veined: fls. usually purple or rose, borne in the following species in terminal cymes: heads not glomerate, several to many exclusively tubular-fid.: involucre of dry or partly herbaceous, much-imbricated bracts: corolla regularly 5-cleft into narrow lobes: achenes 8-10-ribbed, with a blunt apex and a cartilaginous, callous base; pappus double (at least in American species).—About 560 species widely scattered about the world, but is possibly most plentiful in S. Amer. The latest monograph is that by H. A. Gleason in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4:144-243, 1906. The following species are native of the U. S., and are hardy perennial herbs of attractive appearance, with rather large heads of purple fls. in terminal clusters in late summer or early fall. Vernonias are of easy cult. in any good, rich border, being easily prop. by division. Very satisfactory groupings can be made with vernonias and native asters and goldenrods.
V. Arechavaletae, Andre. Glabrous shrub, 3-6 ft. high: lvs. sessile, leathery, linear-lanceolate: fl.-heads reddish violet. Uruguay. —V. gigantea. Hort. Robust: fl. -heads in panicles, carmine or violet-rose.
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{{for|the town|Vernonia, Oregon}}
{{for|the town|Vernonia, Oregon}}