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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox

{{SPlantbox

| name = ''Acer palmatum''

|familia=Sapindaceae

| common_names = Japanese Maple

|genus=Acer

| growth_habit = deciduous shrub/tree

|species=palmatum

| high = 5-15 m

|common_name=Japanese Maple, Smooth Japanese Maple

| wide = 20-40 cm trunk diameter

|habit=tree

| origin = [[Japan]], [[Korea]]

|Min ht box=.5

| lifespan = perennial

|Max ht box=15

| exposure =     <!--- sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->

|Max ht metric=m

|origin=Japan, Korea

|lifespan=perennial

| hardiness = -35[[Celsius|°C]]

|Min Temp Num=-35

|Temp Metric=°C

|sunset_zones=2-10, 12, 14-24, 31-41

| sunset_zones = 2-10, 12, 14-24, 31-41

|image=Acer.palmatum.jpg

|image_width=240

| image = Acer.palmatum.jpg| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->

| image_caption =     <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->

 

'''''Acer palmatum''''', called '''Japanese Maple''' or '''Smooth Japanese Maple''' is a species of woody plant native to [[Japan]], [[Korea]] and [[China]].<ref name=grin>Germplasm Resources Information Network: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?1187 ''Acer palmatum'']</ref> Many different [[cultivar]]s of this [[maple]] have been selected and they are commonly grown in other parts of the world  too, for their attractive leaf shapes and colors. They are highly sought after and are relatively costly trees given the size.<ref>http://www.artificialplantsandtrees.com/Interior_Decor/Discover_Maple_Trees/discover_maple_trees.html</ref>

|unranked_divisio = Angiosperms

 

''Acer palmatum'' is a [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] or small [[tree]] reaching heights of 6–10 m, rarely 16 m, often growing as an understory plant in shady [[woodlands]]. It may have multiple trunks joining close to the ground. In habit, it is often shaped like an upside-down [[circle]] (especially when younger) or takes on a [[dome]]-like form, especially when mature.<ref name="gelderen">van Gelderen, C.J. & van Gelderen, D.M. (1999). ''Maples for Gardens: A Color Encyclopedia''.</ref> The [[leaf|leaves]] are 4–12 cm long and wide, palmately lobed with five, seven, or nine acutely pointed lobes. The [[flower]]s are produced in small [[Cyme (botany)|cymes]], the individual flowers with five red or purple sepals and five whitish petals. The [[fruit]] is a pair of winged [[samara (fruit)|samaras]], each samara 2–3 cm long with a 6–8 mm seed. The seeds of Japanese maple and similar [[species]] require [[stratification (botany)|stratification]] in order to [[germinate]].<ref name="gelderen"/><ref name=rushforth>Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.</ref>

 

Even in nature, ''Acer palmatum'' displays considerable [[genetic variation]]. As such, even [[seedling]]s with the same parent tree can show difference in such aspects as leaf size and shape, and colour.<ref name="gelderen"/>

 

{{Inc|

Acer palmatum, Thunb. (A. polymorphum, Sieb. & Zucc.). Japan Maple. Shrub or small tree, 20 ft.: branchlets, petioles and peduncles glabrous: lvs. 5-9-lobed or divided, 2-4 in. across, glabrous, lobes oblong, acuminate, doubly serrate or incised: corymbs few-flo., glabrous, erect, with small purple fls.: fr. small, glabrous; the wings spreading at an obtuse angle. Japan.—This species and A. japonicum are known as Japanese maples. They are extremely handsome shrubs of dense though graceful habit, and with elegant foliage, beautiful especially in spring for its delicate shades of green and red, and again in autumn, when the lvs. assume the most striking tints. Some of the more vigorous-growing varieties, like atropurpureum, dissectum, ornatum, and the typical forms, are hardy even in New England, while most of the variegated forms are more tender. They grow best in partly shaded situations and in well-drained, rich soil. There are many varieties, mostly intro. from Japanese gardens, of which the following are some of the best. They may be divided into 5 groups, representing various degrees of dissection of the lvs.:

}}{{Inc|

Acer palmatum, Thunb. (A. polymorphum, Sieb. & Zucc.). Japan Maple. Shrub or small tree, 20 ft.: branchlets, petioles and peduncles glabrous: lvs. 5-9-lobed or divided, 2-4 in. across, glabrous, lobes oblong, acuminate, doubly serrate or incised: corymbs few-flo., glabrous, erect, with small purple fls.: fr. small, glabrous; the wings spreading at an obtuse angle. Japan. S.Z. 1:145,146. S.I.F. 1:68. F.E. 19, pi. 92 (habit).— A.F.12:11. J.H.S. 29:340.—This species and A. japonicum are known as Japanese maples. They are extremely handsome shrubs of dense though graceful habit, and with elegant foliage, beautiful especially in spring for its delicate shades of green and red, and again in autumn, when the lvs. assume the most striking tints. Some of the more vigorous-growing varieties, like atropurpureum, dissectum, ornatum, and the typical forms, are hardy even in New England, while most of the variegated forms are more tender. They grow best in partly shaded situations and in well-drained, rich soil. There are many varieties, mostly intro. from Japanese gardens, of which the following are some of the best. They may be divided into 5 groups, representing various degrees of dissection of the lvs.:

(1) A. palmatum var. Thunbergii, Pax (A. palmatum, Thunb.). Fig. 93, e. Lvs. deeply 5-9-lobed or cleft; lobes oblong-lanceolate, coarsely and doubly serrate or incised. Var. atropurpureum, Van Houtte (var. nigrum, Hort.). Fig. 93, c. Lvs. dark purple, coarsely doubly serrate. F.S. 12:1273. J.H.S. 29:342. F.E. 14, pl. 42,32:767 (habit). Vur. sanguineum, Carr., is lighter red than var. atropurpureum. I.H. 14:526. Var. bicolor, Koch (var. atropurpureum variegatum, Hort.). Lvs. dark purple, with large carmine blotches, the lobes half purple and half carmine. Var. aureum, Nichols. Lvs. yellow. Var. versicolor, Schwerin (A. polymorphum septemlobum versicolorum, Van Houtte). Lvs. bright green, with large white spots. F.S. 14:1498. Var. roseo-marginatum, Schwerin (A. polymorphum roseum marginatum, Pynaert). Lvs. small, deeply cut, with narrow pink margin. F.S. 15:1566. I.H. 28:430. Var. crispum, Andre. Lvs. small, with involute margins; of distinctly upright growth. I.H. 17:43.

(1) A. palmatum var. Thunbergii, Pax (A. palmatum, Thunb.). Lvs. deeply 5-9-lobed or cleft; lobes oblong-lanceolate, coarsely and doubly serrate or incised. Var. atropurpureum, Van Houtte (var. nigrum, Hort.). Lvs. dark purple, coarsely doubly serrate. Var. sanguineum, Carr., is lighter red than var. atropurpureum. Var. bicolor, Koch (var. atropurpureum variegatum, Hort.). Lvs. dark purple, with large carmine blotches, the lobes half purple and half carmine. Var. aureum, Nichols. Lvs. yellow. Var. versicolor, Schwerin (A. polymorphum septemlobum versicolorum, Van Houtte). Lvs. bright green, with large white spots. Var. roseo-marginatum, Schwerin (A. polymorphum roseum marginatum, Pynaert). Lvs. small, deeply cut, with narrow pink margin. Var. crispum, Andre. Lvs. small, with involute margins; of distinctly upright growth.

(2) Var. septemlobum, Koch (A. septemlobum, Thunb.). Lvs. mostly 7-lobed; lobes broad, equally doubly serrate. Gt. 42, p. 680. J.H.S. 29:345. Var. rubrum, Schwerin. Lvs. large, deep red when young, becoming almost green later. Var. reticulatum, Andre. Fig. 93, a. Lvs. greenish yellow, with green margin and dark green veins. I.H. 17:18. Var. tricolor, Nichols. Lvs. with red, pink and white spots.

(2) Var. septemlobum, Koch (A. septemlobum, Thunb.). Lvs. mostly 7-lobed; lobes broad, equally doubly serrate. Var. rubrum, Schwerin. Lvs. large, deep red when young, becoming almost green later. Var. reticulatum, Andre. Lvs. greenish yellow, with green margin and dark green veins. Var. tricolor, Nichols. Lvs. with red, pink and white spots.

(3) Var. linearilobum, Sieb. & Zucc. (var. scolopendrifolium, Hort., not Schwerin). Lvs. divided nearly to the base; lobes linear, remotely serrate or nearly entire. Gt. 42, p. 681. Var. atrolineare, Schwerin (var. linearilobum atropurpureum, Nichols.; var. pinnatifolium atropurpureum, Hort.). Lvs. dark red.

(3) Var. linearilobum, Sieb. & Zucc. (var. scolopendrifolium, Hort., not Schwerin). Lvs. divided nearly to the base; lobes linear, remotely serrate or nearly entire. Var. atrolineare, Schwerin (var. linearilobum atropurpureum, Nichols.; var. pinnatifolium atropurpureum, Hort.). Lvs. dark red.

(4) Var. dissectum, Koch (A. polymorphum var. decompositum, Sieb. & Zucc. A. polymorphum palmatifidum, Van Houtte). Fig. 93, f. Lvs. divided to the base in 5-9 pinnatifid lobes. S.Z. 1:146. F.S. 21:2156. J.H.S. 29:346. M.D.G. 1902:209. F.W. 1875: G.C. III. 31:46 (suppl.). Var. ornatum, Carr. (var. dissectum atropurpureum, Hort.). Fig. 93, d. Lvs. deeply cut deep red. I.H.17:46. R.H.1867:391. F.E.,pl.49 (habit). Var. Frederici-Guilelmi, Carr. (var. pinnatifidum roseo-pictum, Lem.). Lvs. finely cut, green, with white and pink spots. I.H. 14:523. R.H. 1867:391.

(4) Var. dissectum, Koch (A. polymorphum var. decompositum, Sieb. & Zucc. A. polymorphum palmatifidum, Van Houtte). Lvs. divided to the base in 5-9 pinnatifid lobes. Var. ornatum, Carr. (var. dissectum atropurpureum, Hort.). Lvs. deeply cut deep red. Var. Frederici-Guilelmi, Carr. (var. pinnatifidum roseo-pictum, Lem.). Lvs. finely cut, green, with white and pink spots.

(5) Var. sessilifolium, Maxim. Lvs. deeply cut, with very short petioles. G.C. II. 16.—Of little decorative value.

(5) Var. sessilifolium, Maxim. Lvs. deeply cut, with very short petioles. G.C. II. 16.—Of little decorative value.

==Cultivation==

==Cultivation==

''Acer palmatum'' includes hundreds of named cultivars with countless forms, colors, leaf types, sizes, and preferred growing conditions.  Heights of mature specimens can range from 0.5 m to 25 m, depending on type.  Some tolerate sun, and others like shade.  Almost all are adaptable and blend well with companion plants.  The trees are particularly suitable for borders and ornamental paths because the root systems are compact and not invasive. Well drained soil is preferred, and the trees grow strongest when not over-fertilized. Many varieties of ''Acer palmatum'' are successfully grown in containers.<ref>Vertrees, J.D. (1987) ''Japanese Maples''. Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 0-88192-048-7</ref>

{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->

===Propagation===

===Propagation===

Image:Acer palmatum flared up.jpg| photo 1

Image:Acer palmatum flared up.jpg| photo 1

File:IMG 0003 nybg09.jpg|Acer palmatum var. dissectum

File:IMG 0003 nybg09.jpg|Acer palmatum var. dissectum

Image:Upload.png| photo 2

Image:KiyomizuderaGateKarahafu.jpg|''Momiji'' (''A. palmatum'') shows autumn colours in [[Kyoto|Kyoto, Japan]].

Image:Upload.png| photo 3

Image:Acer seed.jpg|''A. palmatum'' samaras and leaves

Image:Acer palmatum Shigitatsu-sawa 3.jpg|''A. palmatum'' 'Shigitatsu sawa'

</gallery>

</gallery>

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