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Vigorous, densely foliaged fir. Under cultivation reaches 30-50 feet tall, 20 feet wide. Needles are dark green and shiny, .25 to 1.5 inches long, having whitish bands underneath, and densely covering the branches. Does well in warm and dry summer western US and humid mid-Atlantic and southeastern states, but does best with regular water. Can be kept long-term in containers.

Vigorous, densely foliaged fir. Under cultivation reaches 30-50 feet tall, 20 feet wide. Needles are dark green and shiny, .25 to 1.5 inches long, having whitish bands underneath, and densely covering the branches. Does well in warm and dry summer western US and humid mid-Atlantic and southeastern states, but does best with regular water. Can be kept long-term in containers.

{{Inc|

100-150 ft.: trunk 4-6 ft. in diam.: lvs. flat, crowded, dark green and very lustrous above, silvery white below: cones oblong- cylindrical or ellipsoidal, dark orange-brown, 4-6 in. long; bracts as long as or slightly longer than their scales. Mts. south and southeast of the Black Sea, and western spurs of the Caucasus. Often hardy; one of the most desirable firs in the middle states.}}

 

It is a large [[evergreen]] [[conifer]]ous [[tree]] growing to 60 m tall and with a trunk diameter of up to 2 m. In the [[Western Caucasus]] Reserve, some specimens have been reported to be 78 m and even 85 m tall <ref>{{cite web | url = http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/900.pdf | title = Western Caucasus WHA, IUCN Technical Evaluation}}</ref> , the tallest trees in Europe.

 

The [[leaf|leaves]] are needle-like, flattened, 1.8-3.5&nbsp;cm long and 2&nbsp;mm wide by 0.5&nbsp;mm thick, glossy dark green above, and with two blue-white bands of [[stomata]] below. The tip of the leaf is usually blunt, often slightly notched at the tip, but can be pointed, particularly on strong-growing shoots on young trees. The [[conifer cone|cones]] are 10-20&nbsp;cm long and 4-5&nbsp;cm broad, with about 150-200 scales, each scale with an exserted bract and two winged [[seed]]s; they disintegrate when mature to release the seeds.

:''More information about this species can be found on the [[Abies|genus page]].''

:''More information about this species can be found on the [[Abies|genus page]].''

==Varieties==

==Varieties==

*Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani - Turkish Fir  

*Abies nordmanniana var. aureo-variegata - Shoots colored a pure golden yellow.

*'''Caucasian Fir''' ''Abies nordmanniana'' subsp. ''nordmanniana''. Native to the [[Caucasus (mountains)|Caucasus]] mountains and northeastern Turkey west to about 36°E. Shoots often pubescent (hairy).

*'''Turkish Fir''' ''Abies nordmanniana'' subsp. ''equi-trojani'' (syn. ''A. bornmuelleriana'', ''A. equi-trojani''). Native to northwestern Turkey from [[Mount Ida]] eastwards to about 36°E. Shoots usually glabrous (hairless).

==Gallery==

==Gallery==

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