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Carambola (view source)

Revision as of 21:44, 30 January 2010

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{{SPlantbox
 
{{SPlantbox
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|familia=Oxalidaceae
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|genus=Averrhoa
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|species=carambola
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|common_name=Star Fruit
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|habit=tree
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|Min ht box=30
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|Min ht metric=ft
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|Max ht box=40
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|Max ht metric=ft
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|Min wd box=15
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|Min wd metric=ft
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|Max wd box=20
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|Max wd metric=ft
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|lifespan=perennial
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|exposure=sun
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|water=moderate
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|features=edible, fruit
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|Min Temp Num=28
 
|Temp Metric=°F
 
|Temp Metric=°F
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|min_zone=10
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|max_zone=11
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|sunset_zones=23-24, H1, H2
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
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|image=Upload.png
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|image=Carambola cut.jpg
 
|image_width=240
 
|image_width=240
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|image_caption=Carambola fruits
 
}}
 
}}
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{{Inc|
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Averrhoa carambola, Linn. Carambola. Fig. 444. Height 15-30 ft.: lfts. 5-10: fls. rosy purple borne in the lf.- axils: fr. varying in size from a hen's egg to a large orange, ovate, acutely 5-angled, yellow, fragrant, the pulp acid. P.M. 15, p. 231. Rheede, Hort. Ural. 3. pl. 43, 44. Cav. Diss. pl. 202.—Cult. sparingly in S. Calif., and frequent in W. Indies. The half-grown fr. used as pickles; the ripe fr. for preserves. There are said to be two varieties, the sweet and sour, the former being eaten. Said to produce 3 crops a year. Leaves responding to the touch.
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}}
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{{Plantbox
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| color = IndianRed
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| common_names = Star Fruit
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| growth_habit = [[Tree]]
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| high = 30-40 ft. (9-12 m)
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| wide = 15-20 ft. (4.7-6 m)
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| lifespan = [[Perennial]]
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| exposure = Sun
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| water = moderate
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| features = Fruit
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| hardiness = 28F (0 C)
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| usda_zones = 9/10 - 11
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| sunset_zones = 23-24, H1, H2
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| name = ''Averrhoa carambola''
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| image = Carambola cut.jpg
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| image_width = 250px
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| image_caption = Carambola fruits
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = Oxalidales
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| familia = Oxalidaceae
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| genus = Averrhoa
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| species = carambola
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}}
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[[Image:Averrhoa carambola ARS k5735-7.jpg|thumb|200px|Carambolas still on the tree]]
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[[Image:Belimbing.jpg|thumb|200px|Belimbing, as it is called in Indonesia]]
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A slow-growing tree, the star fruit is best adapted to warm tropics from sea level to 2000ft, but can be grown elsewhere if the plant is protected from extreme cold.
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The '''carambola''' is a species of [[tree]] native to [[Sri Lanka]], [[India]] and [[Indonesia]]. Carambola is closely related to the [[bilimbi]].
 
The '''carambola''' is a species of [[tree]] native to [[Sri Lanka]], [[India]] and [[Indonesia]]. Carambola is closely related to the [[bilimbi]].
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Origin: The carambola is believed to have originated in Sri Lanka and the Moluccas, but it has been cultivated in southeast Asia and Malaysia for many centuries.  
 
Origin: The carambola is believed to have originated in Sri Lanka and the Moluccas, but it has been cultivated in southeast Asia and Malaysia for many centuries.  
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A slow-growing tree, the star fruit is best adapted to warm tropics from sea level to 2000ft, but can be grown elsewhere if the plant is protected from extreme cold.
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{{Inc|
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Averrhoa carambola, Linn. Carambola. Height 15-30 ft.: lfts. 5-10: fls. rosy purple borne in the lf.- axils: fr. varying in size from a hen's egg to a large orange, ovate, acutely 5-angled, yellow, fragrant, the pulp acid. —Cult. sparingly in S. Calif., and frequent in W. Indies. The half-grown fr. used as pickles; the ripe fr. for preserves. There are said to be two varieties, the sweet and sour, the former being eaten. Said to produce 3 crops a year. Leaves responding to the touch.
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}}
    
==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
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Propagation: The carambola is widely grown from seed though viability lasts only a few days. Only plump, fully developed seed should be planted. Veneer grafting during the time of most active growth gives the best results. Healthy, year-old seedlings of 3/8 - 3/4 inch diameter are best for rootstocks. Graft-wood should be taken from mature twigs on which leaves are still present and, if possible, the buds are just beginning to grow. Cleft-grafting of green budwood is also successful. Top-working of older trees has been done by bark grafting. Air-layering is less successful than grafting. The roots develop slowly, and percentage of success often is low. Trees are small and rather weak when propagated by this method.  
 
Propagation: The carambola is widely grown from seed though viability lasts only a few days. Only plump, fully developed seed should be planted. Veneer grafting during the time of most active growth gives the best results. Healthy, year-old seedlings of 3/8 - 3/4 inch diameter are best for rootstocks. Graft-wood should be taken from mature twigs on which leaves are still present and, if possible, the buds are just beginning to grow. Cleft-grafting of green budwood is also successful. Top-working of older trees has been done by bark grafting. Air-layering is less successful than grafting. The roots develop slowly, and percentage of success often is low. Trees are small and rather weak when propagated by this method.  
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==Cultivars==
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===Pests and diseases===
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==Varieties==
 
Its fruit, the carambola, more popularly known as '''star fruit''', but also '''coromandel gooseberry''', '''kamranga''', or '''five finger''', is a golden-[[yellow]] to [[green]] [[berry]]. When cut across it shows a 5-pointed (sometimes 6-pointed or 7-pointed) star shape, hence the name, "star fruit."  Star fruits are crunchy, and have a slightly tart, acidic, sweet taste, reminiscent of pears, apples, and sometimes grapes.  The fruits are a good source of  [[vitamin C]].  Its [[seed]]s are small and brown. They consist of a tough outer skin and a tangy white inside.
 
Its fruit, the carambola, more popularly known as '''star fruit''', but also '''coromandel gooseberry''', '''kamranga''', or '''five finger''', is a golden-[[yellow]] to [[green]] [[berry]]. When cut across it shows a 5-pointed (sometimes 6-pointed or 7-pointed) star shape, hence the name, "star fruit."  Star fruits are crunchy, and have a slightly tart, acidic, sweet taste, reminiscent of pears, apples, and sometimes grapes.  The fruits are a good source of  [[vitamin C]].  Its [[seed]]s are small and brown. They consist of a tough outer skin and a tangy white inside.
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==Gallery==
 
==Gallery==
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<center>
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<gallery>
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<gallery perrow=5>
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Image:Averrhoa carambola ARS k5735-7.jpg|Carambolas still on the tree
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Image:Belimbing.jpg|Belimbing, as it is called in Indonesia
 
Image:New & old leaves I IMG 8444.jpg|New & old leaves  
 
Image:New & old leaves I IMG 8444.jpg|New & old leaves  
 
Image:Leaves- both sides I IMG 8443.jpg|Leaves- both sides  
 
Image:Leaves- both sides I IMG 8443.jpg|Leaves- both sides  
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Image:Fruit & Trunk I IMG 8448.jpg|Fruit & Trunk  
 
Image:Fruit & Trunk I IMG 8448.jpg|Fruit & Trunk  
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
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</center>
      
==References==
 
==References==
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<references/>
 
*http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/carambola.html
 
*http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/carambola.html
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<references/>
   
* Facciola, Stephen. Cornucopia: a Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, 1990. p. 39.
 
* Facciola, Stephen. Cornucopia: a Source Book of Edible Plants. Kampong Publications, 1990. p. 39.
 
* Maxwell, Lewis S. and Betty M. Maxwell. Florida Fruit, rev. ed. Lewis S. Maxwell, 1984. p. 19.
 
* Maxwell, Lewis S. and Betty M. Maxwell. Florida Fruit, rev. ed. Lewis S. Maxwell, 1984. p. 19.
 
* Morton, Julia F. Fruits of Warm Climates. Creative Resources Systems, Inc. 1987. pp. 125-128.  
 
* Morton, Julia F. Fruits of Warm Climates. Creative Resources Systems, Inc. 1987. pp. 125-128.  
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
    
==External links==
 
==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
 
*http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/carambola.html
 
*http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/carambola.html
 
*[http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/18/1/120 Intoxication by star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) in 32 uraemic patients: treatment and outcome (Oxford journals)]
 
*[http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/18/1/120 Intoxication by star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) in 32 uraemic patients: treatment and outcome (Oxford journals)]
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