Zanthoxylum
Read about Zanthoxylum in the Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture
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Zanthoxylum (Greek, xanthos, yellow, and xylon, wood). Also spelled Xanthoxylum. Including Fagara. Rutaceae. Ornamental woody plants chiefly planted for their handsome foliage and for their ornamental fruits. Deciduous or evergreen shrubs, sometimes sarmentose, or trees, with usually prickly branches; most parts, particularly the frs., emitting a strong aromatic odor when bruised: lvs. alternate, odd-pinnate, 3-foliolate or rarely simple: fls. dioecious or polygamous, small, in cymes or panicles; sepals, petals, and stamens 3-8, sepals often wanting; pistils 3-5: fr. composed of 1-5 separate small dehiscent caps., each with 1-2 shining black seeds.—The genus contains about 150 species in the tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres, and a few in temperate regions. Several species are used medicinally. The wood of some W. Indian species and that of the Australian Z. brachyacanthum is considered valuable. The frs. of Z. piperitum are used like pepper in Japan. The zanthoxylums in cultivation are prickly shrubs or rarely small trees with mostly deciduous odd-pinnate, medium-sized or rather small foliage and small greenish or whitish flowers in small, rarely large, axillary or terminal clusters, followed by usually reddish small pods disclosing lustrous black seeds at maturity. Z. americanum is the only species which is hardy North, while the species from eastern Asia, as Z. schinifolium, Z. Bungei, and Z. alatum var. planispinum, have proved fairly hardy in favorable positions as far north as Massachusetts, the first being the hardiest, but they probably will be perfectly hardy in the Middle Atlantic states. They do not seem to be particular as to the soil, but grow best in a well-drained soil and sunny position. Propagation is by seeds and by suckers or root-cuttings.
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| Lifespan: | ⌛ | perennial |
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| Origin: | ✈ | N & S America, Africa, Asia, Australia |
| Exposure: | ☼ | full sun to part-shade"full sun to part-shade" is not in the list (sun, part-sun, shade, unknown) of allowed values for the "Exposure" property. |
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| Water: | ◍ | moist (good drainage)"moist (good drainage)" is not in the list (wet, moist, moderate, dry, less when dormant) of allowed values for the "Water" property. |
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Rutaceae > |
deciduous or evergreen. spiny. shrubs and trees. pinnate leaves. aromatic bark. attractive habit. handsome foliage. aromatic foliage.
some grown for fruits, (dried and used for spices). Some have medicinal value. some have fine timber.
Cultivation
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Some species are frost hardy, some frost tender. Need fertile, moist soil with good drainage. Full sun to part shade. Pruning usually unnecessary, but you can shape young plants in early spring.
Propagation
Seed, cuttings and rooted suckers.
Pests and diseases
- Do you have pest and disease info on this plant? Edit this section!
Species
Widespread genus of around 250 species.
Select species:
- Zanthoxylum acanthopodium
- Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, Japanese prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum alatum, Winged prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum americanum, Toothache tree; Northern prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum beecheyanum
- Zanthoxylum bifoliolatum, Maricao prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum buesgenii
- Zanthoxylum capense
- Zanthoxylum caribaeum, Yellow prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum clava-herculis, Hercules' Club; Southern prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum coco, Coco or smelly sauco
- Zanthoxylum coreanum, Korean lime tree
- Zanthoxylum coriaceum, Biscayne prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum davyi
- Zanthoxylum dipetalum, Kawa'u
- Zanthoxylum fagara, Lime prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum flavum, West Indian satinwood
- Zanthoxylum hawaiiense, ATemplate:Okinae, HawaiTemplate:Okinai prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum hiemale
- Zanthoxylum hirsutum, Texas Hercules' club
- Zanthoxylum humile
- Zanthoxylum kauaense, ATemplate:Okinae, KauaTemplate:Okinai prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum leprieurii
- Zanthoxylum martinicense, White prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum monophyllum, Yellow prickle
- Zanthoxylum nitidum, Shining prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum oahuense, Oahu prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum ocumarense
- Zanthoxylum ovatifoliolatum
- Zanthoxylum naranjillo, Naranjillo
- Zanthoxylum parvum, Tickletongue
- Zanthoxylum pinnatum
- Zanthoxylum piperitum, Japanese pepper tree; Japan pepper; Sanshō
- Zanthoxylum planispinum, Bamboo-leaf prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum punctatum, Dotted prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum rhetsa, Teppal
- Zanthoxylum rhoifolium
- Zanthoxylum schinifolium, Mastic-leaved prickly-ash
- Zanthoxylum simulans, Chinese prickly-ash; Sichuan pepper
- Zanthoxylum spinifex, Niaragato
- Zanthoxylum thomasianum, St Thomas prickly-ash
Gallery
Zanthoxylum clava-herculis
Zanthoxylum clava-herculis - leaves
Zanthoxylum clava-herculis - fruits
Z. hawaiiense
Z. kauaense
Habitus of leafless plant
Branches of leafless plant showing knobs
References
- Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381
External links
- w:Zanthoxylum. Some of the material on this page may be from Wikipedia, under the Creative Commons license.
- Zanthoxylum QR Code (Size 50, 100, 200, 500)
