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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Echinopsis''
| image = Lightmatter cactusflower.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''Echinopsis spachiana''
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
| familia = [[Cactus|Cactaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Cactoideae]]
| tribus = [[Trichocereeae]]
| genus = '''''Echinopsis'''''
| genus_authority = [[Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini|Zucc.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
''around 180, see text''
}}
'''''Echinopsis''''' is a large [[genus]] of [[Cactus|cacti]] native to [[South America]], sometimes referred to as '''sea-urchin cactus''' or '''Easter lily cactus'''. One small species, <I>E. chamaecereus</I>, is known as the '''peanut cactus'''. The 128 species range from large and treelike types to small globose cacti. The name derives from ''echinos'' hedgehog or sea urchin, and ''opsis'' appearance, a reference to these plants' dense coverings of spines.
''Echinopsis'' is distinguished from ''[[Echinocactus]]'' by the length of the [[flower tube]], from ''[[Cereus]]'' by the form and size of their [[Plant stem|stems]], and from both in the position on the stem occupied by the flowers. They are remarkable for the great size, length of tube, and beauty of their flowers, which, borne upon generally small and dumpy stems, appear much larger and more attractive than would be expected.
==Distribution==
The distribution of ''Echinopsis'' is similar to that of ''Echinocactus'', species being found ''only'' in South America ([[Argentina]], [[Chile]], [[Bolivia]], [[Peru]], [[Brazil]], [[Ecuador]], [[Paraguay]] and [[Uruguay]]). They grow only in situations where the soil is sandy or gravelly, or on the sides of hills in the crevices of rocks.
==Cultivation==
The growing and resting seasons for ''Echinopsis'' are the same as for ''Echinocactus''. Research by J. Smith (former Curator at the [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]) showed that species like the [[Chile]]an ''Echinopsis cristata'' and its [[Mexico|Mexican]] relatives thrive if potted in light loam, with a little leaf mould and a few nodules of [[limestone]]. The limestone keeps the soil open; it is important that the soil should be well drained. In winter, water must be given very sparingly, and the atmosphere should be dry; the temperature need not exceed 10°C during the night, and in very cold weather it may be allowed to fall to 5°C, provided a higher temperature of 14°C is maintained during the day. In spring, the plants should receive the full influence of the increasing warmth of the sun; and during hot weather, they will be benefited by frequent spraying overhead, which should be done in the evening. The soil should never be saturated, as the soft fibrous roots will rot if kept wet for any length of time.
None of the species need to be grafted to grow freely and remain healthy, as the stems are all robust enough and of sufficient size to take care of themselves. The only danger is in keeping the plants too moist in winter, for although a little water now and again keeps the stems fresh and green, it deprives them of that rest which is essential to the development of their large, beautiful flowers in summer.
== Taxonomy changes ==
Studies in the 1970s and 1980s resulted in several formerly separate genera being absorbed into ''Echinopsis'':
*'''''Acantholobivia''''' <small>[[Backeb.]]</small>
*'''''Acanthopetalus''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small>
*'''''Andenea''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Aureilobivia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Chamaecereus''''' <small>[[Nathaniel Lord Britton|Britton]] & [[Joseph Nelson Rose|Rose]]</small>
*'''''Chamaelobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Cinnabarinea''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]] ex [[F.Ritter]]</small>
*'''''Echinolobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Echinonyctanthus''''' <small>[[Lem.]]</small>
*'''''Furiolobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Helianthocereus''''' <small>[[Backeb]]</small>
*'''''Heterolobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Hymenorebulobivia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Hymenorebutia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]] ex [[Buining]]</small>
*'''''Leucostele''''' <small>[[Backeb.]]</small>
*'''''Lobirebutia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Lobivia''''' <small>[[Nathaniel Lord Britton|Britton]] & [[Joseph Nelson Rose|Rose]]</small>
*'''''Lobiviopsis''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Megalobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Mesechinopsis''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small>
*'''''Neolobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small>
*'''''Pilopsis''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Pseudolobivia''''' <small>([[Backeb.]]) [[Backeb.]]</small>
*'''''Rebulobivia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Salpingolobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small>
*'''''Scoparebutia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]] & [[Kreuz.]] ex [[Buining]]</small>
*'''''Setiechinopsis''''' <small>([[Backeb.]]) [[de Haas]]</small>
*'''''Soehrensia''''' <small>[[Backeb.]]</small>
*'''''Trichocereus''''' <small>([[A.Berger]]) [[Riccob.]]</small>
Some have proposed merging ''[[Rebutia]]'' as well.
The taxonomic changes have been [http://www.trout.yage.net/sc/Trichocereus_List_0.htm criticised] by [[K. Trout]], in particular the inclusion of the genus ''[[Trichocereus]]'', and the formation of a huge, complex new genus without an accompanying [[monograph]]. Some problems also arose due to namespace collision when this merger was made. Most notably, there had previously existed both ''[[Echinopsis bridgesii]]'' and ''[[Trichocereus bridgesii]]'', which are very different plants. ''[[Echinopsis bridgesii]]'' is a short clumping cactus, whereas ''Trichocereus bridgesii'' is a tall columnar cactus similar to [[San Pedro cactus|''E.'' (or ''T.'') ''pachanoi'']]. Under the new classification, ''Trichocereus bridgesii'' is known as ''[[Echinopsis lageniformis]]''. It should be pointed out that many people, still use the old ''Trichocereus'' classification, especially in ethnobotanical writings.
== Species ==
[[Image:The Botanical Magazine. pl 4521. Cactus.jpg|thumb|''Echinopsis cristata'' var. ''purpurea'' <p>Plate number 4521 from ''[[Curtis's Botanical Magazine]]'']]
:Note: some of the species listed below may be synonyms, subspecies, or varieties of others.
* ''[[Echinopsis adolfofriedrichii]]'' G. Moser
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis albispinosa]]'' K. Schumann = Echinopsis tubiflora -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis amblayensis]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich = Echinopsis haematantha-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis amoena]]'' A. Dietrich = Echinocereus pulchellus var. amoenus-->
* ''[[Echinopsis amoenissima]]'' Werdermann <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis ancistrophora]]'' Spegazzini
* ''[[Echinopsis angelesii]]'' (R. Kiesling) G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis antezanae]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis apiculata]]'' Linke <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis arachnacantha]]'' (Buining & F. Ritter) H.Friedrich = Echinopsis ancistrophora ssp. arachnacantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis arboricola]]'' (Kimnach) R. Mottram
* ''[[Echinopsis arebaloi]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis atacamensis]]'' (Philippi) H. Friedrich & G.D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis aurantiaca]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis glaucina-->
* ''[[Echinopsis aurata]]'' Salm-Dyck <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis aurea]]'' Britton & Rose
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis ayopayana]]'' F. Ritter & Rausch = Echinopsis comarapana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis backebergia]]'' Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis baldiana]]'' Spegazzini
* ''[[Echinopsis berlingii]]'' Y. Ito <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis bertramiana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis boedekeriana]]'' Harden = Echinopsis backebergii -->
* ''[[Echinopsis bolligeriana]]'' Mächler & Helmut Walter <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis bonnieae]]'' (Halda, Hogan & Janeba) Halda & Malina <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis boyuibensis]]'' F. Ritter
* ''[[Echinopsis brasilensis]]'' A. V. Frič
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis breviflora]]'' (Backeberg) M. Lowry = Echinopsis sanguiniflora-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis brevispina]]'' (F. Ritter) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis thionantha -->
* ''[[Echinopsis bridgesii]]'' Salm-Dyck (not to be confused with ''E. lageniformis'', which is also known as ''Trichocereus bridgesii'')
* ''[[Echinopsis bruchii]]'' (Britton & Rose) H. Friedrich & Glaetzle
* ''[[Echinopsis cabrerae]]'' (R. Kiesling) G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis cachensis]]'' Spegazzini = Echinopsis saltensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis caespitosa]]'' J. A. Purpus = Echinopsis maximiliana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis caineana]]'' (Cárdenas) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis cajasensis]]'' F. Ritter
* ''[[Echinopsis calliantholilacina]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis callichroma]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis calochlora]]'' K. Schumann
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis calorubra]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis obrepanda ssp. calorubra-->
* ''[[Echinopsis camarguensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis campylacantha]]'' Pfeiffer & Otto <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis candicans]]'' (Salm-Dyck) F. A. C. Weber
* ''[[Echinopsis cardenasiana]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis carmineiflora]]'' (Hoffman & Backeberg) H. Friedrich = Echinopsis obrepanda-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis catamarcensis]]'' F. A. C. Weber = Eriosyce strausiana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis caulescens]]'' (F. Ritter) M. Lowry <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis cephalomacrostibas]]'' (Werdermann & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis cerdana]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis chacoana]]'' Schütz = Echinopsis rhodotricha ssp. chacoana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis chalaensis]]'' (Rauh & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis chamaecereus]]'' H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle
* ''[[Echinopsis chereauniana]]'' Schlumb. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis chiloensis]]'' (Colla) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis chionantha]]'' (Spegazzini) Werdermann = Echinopsis thionantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis chrysantha]]'' Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis chrysochete]]'' Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis cinnabarina]]'' (Hooker) Labouret
* ''[[Echinopsis clavata]]'' (F. Ritter) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis cochabambensis]]'' Backeberg
* ''[[Echinopsis colmariensis]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis comarapana]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis conaconensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis coquimbana]]'' (Molina) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis cordobensis]]'' Spegazzini = Echinopsis leucantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis coronata]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis cotacajesii]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis courantii]]'' (K. Schumann) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis candicans-->
* ''[[Echinopsis crassicaulis]]'' (R. Kiesling) H. Friedrich & Glaetzle
* ''[[Echinopsis cristata]]'' Salm-Dyck <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis cuzcoensis]]'' (Britton & Rose) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis cylindracea]]'' (Backeberg) Friedrich
* ''[[Echinopsis decaisniana]]'' Walp. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis deminuta]]'' F. A. C. Weber = Rebutia deminuta -->
* ''[[Echinopsis densispina]]'' Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis derenbergii]]'' A. V. Frič
* ''[[Echinopsis deserticola]]'' (Werdermann) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis dobeana]]'' (Dölz) J. G. Lamb. = Echinopsis aurea var. dobeana? -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis ducis-paulii]]'' C. F. Först. = Lobivia ducis-paulii -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis dumesniliana]]'' Cels = Cereus candicans v. dumesnilianus = E. candicans v. dumesnilianus -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis elongata]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle = Echinopsis haematantha -->
* ''[[Echinopsis escayachensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis eyriesii]]'' Pfeiffer & Otto
* ''[[Echinopsis fabrisii]]'' (R.Kiesling) G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis fallax]]'' (Oehme) Friedrich = Echinopsis aurea -->
* ''[[Echinopsis famatimensis]]'' (Spegazzini) Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis ferox]]'' (Britton & Rose) Backeberg
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis fiebrigii]]'' Gürke = Echinopsis obrepanda -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis forbesii]]'' Hort. Angl.= Echinopsis rhodotricha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis formosa]]'' (Pfeiffer) Jacobi
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis formosissima]]'' Labouret = Echinopsis atacamensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis fricii]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich = Echinopsis tiegeliana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis friedrichii]]'' G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis fulvilana]]'' (F. Ritter) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis deserticola -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis gemmata]]'' K. Schumann = Echinopsis eyriesii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis gibbosa]]'' Pfeiffer <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis gigantea]]'' Rud. Meyer <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis gladispina]]'' Y. Ito <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis glauca]]'' (F. Ritter) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis glaucina]]'' H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis grandiflora]]'' Linke = Echinopsis calochlora-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis grandis]]'' (Britton & Rose) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis bruchii-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis haageanus]]'' Linke = Echinopsis marsonieri -->
* ''[[Echinopsis haematantha]]'' (Spegazzini) J. G. Lamb.
* ''[[Echinopsis hahniana]]'' (Backeberg) R. S. Wallace
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis hamatacantha]]'' Backeberg & Backberg = Echinopsis ancistrophora-->
* ''[[Echinopsis hamatispina]]'' Werdermann <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis hammerschmidii]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis hardeniana]]'' Boed. = Echinopsis pentlandii-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis hempeliana]]'' Gürke = Oreocereus hempelianus -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis herbasii]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis mamillosa-->
* ''[[Echinopsis hertrichiana]]'' (Backeberg) D. R. Hunt
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis herzogiana]]'' (Card.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis tarijensis ssp. herzogianus-->
* ''[[Echinopsis hossei]]'' Werdermann <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis hualfinensis]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle = Echinopsis haematantha -->
* ''[[Echinopsis huascha]]'' (F. A. C. Weber) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis huotti]]'' Labour.
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis hyalacantha]]'' (Spegazzini) Werdermann = Echinopsis huascha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis hystrichoides]]'' F. Ritter
* ''[[Echinopsis ibicuatensis]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis imperialis]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis ingens]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis bruchii-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis intricatissima]]'' Spegazzini = Echinopsis leucantha -->
* ''[[Echinopsis jajoiana]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis jamessianus]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis kermesina]]'' (Krainz) Krainz = Echinopsis mamillosa var. kermesina-->
* ''[[Echinopsis kladiwaiana]]'' Rausch
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis klimpeliana]]'' Weidlich & Werdermann = Acanthocalycium klimpelianum-->
* ''[[Echinopsis klingleriana]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis knotti]]'' Schlumberger <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis knuthiana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis korethroides]]'' Werdermann
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis kratochviliana]]'' Backeberg = Echinopsis ancistrophora-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis kuehnrichii]]'' (Frič) H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle = Echinopsis haematantha ssp. kuehnrichii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis lageniformis]]'' (Forst.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley (formerly ''Trichocereus bridgesii'')
* ''[[Echinopsis lamprochlora]]'' F. A. C. Weber
* ''[[Echinopsis lateritia]]'' Gürke
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis lecoriensis]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis ferox-->
* ''[[Echinopsis leucantha]]'' Walpers
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis leucomalla]]'' (Wessner) Friedrich = Echinopsis aurea-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis leucorhodantha]]'' Backeberg = Echinopsis ancistrophora-->
* ''[[Echinopsis litoralis]]'' (Joh.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis lobivioides]]'' Backeberg = Echinopsis huascha-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis longispina]]'' (Britton & Rose) Werdermann = Echinopsis ferox var. longispina-->
* ''[[Echinopsis lorethroides]]'' Werdermann <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis macrodiscus]]'' Frič <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis macrogona]]'' (S.D.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis mamillosa]]'' Gürke
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis manguinii]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis schickendantzii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis marsoneri]]'' Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis mataranensis]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis maximiliana]]'' Heyder
* ''[[Echinopsis melanacantha]]'' A. Dietr. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis melanopotamica]]'' Spegazzini = Echinopsis leucantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis meyeri]]'' Heese
* ''[[Echinopsis mieckleyi]]'' Rud. Meyer
* ''[[Echinopsis mihanovichii]]'' Frič & Gurcke <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis minuana]]'' Spegazzini
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis minuscula]]'' F. A. C. Weber = Rebutia minuscula-->
* ''[[Echinopsis mirabilis]]'' Spegazzini
* ''[[Echinopsis misleyi]]'' J. Labouret <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis mistiensis]]'' Werdermann & Backeberg = Echinopsis pampana -->
* ''[[Echinopsis molesta]]'' Spegazzini
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis multiplex]]'' Pfeiff. & Otto = Echinopsis oxygona -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis narvaecensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis tarijensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis nealeana]]'' (Backeberg) Friedrich = Echinopsis saltensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis nigra]]'' Backeberg
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis nigricans]]'' Linke = Eriosyce limariensis -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis nigripilis]]'' (Phil.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis coquimbana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis nigrispina]]'' Walp. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis nodosa]]'' Linke <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis obrepanda]]'' (Salm-Dyck) K. Schum.
* ''[[Echinopsis octacantha]]'' Muehlenpf. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis oligotricha]]'' (Cárdenas) M. Lowry = Echinopsis cinnabarina-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis oreopogon]]'' (Spegazzini) Werdermann = Echinopsis formosa-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis orozasana]]'' F. Ritter = Echinopsis obrepanda-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis orurensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis ferox-->
* ''[[Echinopsis oxygona]]'' Pfeiff. & Otto
* ''[[Echinopsis pachanoi]]'' (Britton & Rose) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis pampana]]'' (Britton & Rose) D. R. Hunt
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pampariuzii]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis huotii -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis paraguayensis]]'' Mundt = Echinopsis oxygona-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pasacana]]'' (F. A. C. Weber) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis atacamensis ssp. pasacana-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pecheretiana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis huascha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis pectinata]]'' Fennel <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis peitscherana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Acanthocalycium klimpelianum-->
* ''[[Echinopsis pelecygona]]'' Y. Ito <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pelecyrhachis]]'' Backeberg = Echinopsis ancistrophora-->
* ''[[Echinopsis pentlandii]]'' (W. J. Hooker) Salm-Dyck ex A. Dietrich
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pereziensis]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis comarapana -->
* ''[[Echinopsis peruviana]]'' (Britton & Rose) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis philippii]]'' (Regel & Schmidt) G. Nicholson = Austrocactus philippii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis picta]]'' Walp. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis poco]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis tarijensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis pojoensis]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis polyancistra]]'' Backeberg = Echinopsis ancistrophora-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis potosina]]'' Werdermann = Echinopsis ferox-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pseudocachensis]]'' (Backeberg) Friedrich = Echinopsis saltensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pseudocandicans]]'' (R. Kiesling) H. Friedrich & Glaetzle = Echinopsis candicans-->
* ''[[Echinopsis pseudomammillosa]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis psuedominuscula]]'' Spegazzini = Rebutia deminuta-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pudantii]]'' Pfersdorf = Echinopsis eyriesii -->
* ''[[Echinopsis pugionacantha]]'' Rose & F. Boedeker
* ''[[Echinopsis pulchella]]'' Zucc. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis puquiensis]]'' (Rauh & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis peruviana ssp. puquiensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis purpureopilosa]]'' (Weing.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis lamprochlora-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pygmaea]]'' R. Fries = Rebutia pygmaea-->
* ''[[Echinopsis quadratiumbonata]]'' (F. Ritter) D. R. Hunt
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis quinesensis]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle = Echinopsis aurea -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis randallii]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis formosa-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rauschii]]'' Friedrich = Echinopsis obrepanda-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rebutioides]]'' (Backeberg) Friedrich = Echinopsis densispina-->
* ''[[Echinopsis reichenbachiana]]'' Pfeiff. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rhodacantha]]'' Salm-Dyck = Denmoza rhodacantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis rhodotricha]]'' K. Schumann
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis ritteri]]'' F. Boedeker = Echinopsis mamillosa-->
* ''[[Echinopsis riviere-de-caraltii]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rivierei]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis atacamensis ssp. atacamensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis robinsoniana]]'' Werdermann <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rojasii]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis obrepanda -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis roseo-lilacina]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis mamillosa-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rossii]]'' F. Boedeker = Echinopsis pugionacantha ssp. rossii-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rowleyi]]'' H. Friedrich = Echinopsis huascha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis rubescens]]'' Backeberg <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rubinghiana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis thelegonoides-->
* ''[[Echinopsis salmiana]]'' F. A. C. Weber <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis salpigophara]]'' A. C. Lemaire <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis saltensis]]'' Spegazzini
* ''[[Echinopsis sanguiniflora]]'' (Backeberg) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis santaensis]]'' (Rauh & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis santiaguensis]]'' (Spegazzini) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis spachiana-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis scheerii]]'' Salm-Dyck = Echinopsis pentlandii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis schelhasii]]'' Pfeiff. & Otto <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis schickendantzii]]'' F. A. C. Weber
* ''[[Echinopsis schieliana]]'' (Backeberg) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis schoenii]]'' (Rauh & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis schreiteri]]'' (Castellanos) Werdermann
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis schwantesii]]'' Frič = Echinopsis oxygona-->
* ''[[Echinopsis scopa]]'' Carrière <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis scoparia]]'' Werdermann = Echinopsis densispina-->
* ''[[Echinopsis scopulicola]]'' (F. Ritter) R. Mottram
* ''[[Echinopsis setosa]]'' Linke <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis shaferi]]'' Britton & Rose = Echinopsis leucantha-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis silvatica]]'' F. Ritter = Echinopsis mamillosa ssp. silvatica-->
* ''[[Echinopsis silvestrii]]'' Spegazzini
* ''[[Echinopsis simplex]]'' Niedl <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis skottsbergii]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis smrziana]]'' Backeberg
* ''[[Echinopsis spachiana]]'' (A. C. Lemaire) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis spegazziniana]]'' Britton & Rose = Echinopsis leucantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis spegazzinii]]'' K. Schumann <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis sphacelata]]'' Gravis <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis spinibarbis]]'' (Otto) A. E. Hoffmann
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis spiniflora]]'' (K. Schumann) A. Berger = Acanthocalycium spiniflorum-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis stilowiana]]'' (Backeberg) J. G. Lambert = Echinopsis schreiteri-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis stollenwerkiana]]'' F. Boedeker = Echinopsis pugionacantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis strausii]]'' Graessn. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis strigosa]]'' (Salm-Dyck) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis subdenudata]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis sucrensis]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis tacaquirensis]]'' (Vaupel) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tacuarembense]]'' J. Arechavaleta <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis tapecuana]]'' F. Ritter = Echinopsis obrepanda ssp. tapecuana-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis taquimbalensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis tacaquirensis ssp. taquimbalensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis taratensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tarijensis]]'' (Vaupel) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tarmaensis]]'' (Rauh & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tegeleriana]]'' (Backeberg) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis tephracantha]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis terscheckii]]'' (A. A. Parmentier) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis thelegona]]'' (F. A. C. Weber) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis thelegonoides]]'' (Spegazzini) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis thionantha]]'' (Spegazzini) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis tiegeliana]]'' (Wessner) D. R. Hunt
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis toralapana]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis obrepanda -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis torrecillacensis]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis ancistrophora ssp. arachnacantha var. torrecillasensis -->
* ''[[Echinopsis trichosa]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tricolor]]'' A. G. Dietrich <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis tuberculata]]'' Niedt <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis tubiflora]]'' J. G. Zuccarini
* ''[[Echinopsis tucumanensis]]'' Y. Ito <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis tulhuayacensis]]'' (Ochoa) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tunariensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis turbinata]]'' Pfeiff. & Otto = Echinopsis eyriesii -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis uebelmanniana]]'' (Lembcke & Backeberg) A. E. Hoffmann = Echinopsis formosa-->
* ''[[Echinopsis uyupampensis]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis valida]]'' Monville = Echinopsis uyupampensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis vallegrandensis]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis huotii ssp. vallegrandensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis vasquezii]]'' (Rausch) G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis vatteri]]'' (R. Kiesling) G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis verschaffeltii]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis violacea]]'' E. Werdermann = Acanthocalycium spiniflorum-->
* ''[[Echinopsis volliana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis walteri]]'' (R. Kiesling) H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis werdermanniana]]'' (Backberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis terscheckii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis werdermannii]]'' Frič
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis yungasensis]]'' F. Ritter = Echinopsis bridgesii ssp. yungasensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis yuquina]]'' D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis zuccarinii]]'' Pfeiff. & Otto <!--?-->
Many hybrids exist, mostly between similar species but also between more distinct ones, such as the cross between ''E. pachanoi'' and ''E. eyriesii'' which was sold under the name "Trichopsis pachaniesii" by Sacred Succulents.
== References ==
* [[Edward F. Anderson]], ''[[The Cactus Family]]'' (Timber Press, 2001) ISBN 0-88192-498-9, pp. 255-286
* K. Trout, ''Trout's Notes on San Pedro & related Trichocereus species (Sacred Cacti 3rd ed. Part B)'' (Moksha Press, 2005) ISBN 0-9770876-0-3
==External links==
* [http://cactiguide.com/cactus/?genus=Echinopsis Cactiguide: ''Echinopsis'']
* [http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/1/3/3/5/13357/13357-h/13357-h.htm Cactus Culture for Amateurs] by W. Watson (1889)
* [http://www.desert-tropicals.com/Plants/Cactaceae/Echinopsis.html Desert Tropicals: ''Echinopsis'']
* [http://www.plot55.com/growing/trichocereus.html Growing Trichocereus species (Plot55.com)]
* [http://www.ipni.org/index.html IPNI]
* [http://www.kuentz.com/noms/echinopsis.htm Kuentz: ''Echinopsis'' (in French)]
* [http://www.f-lohmueller.de/botany/gen/e/Echinopsis.htm Lohmueller: ''Echinopsis'']
[[Category:Cacti]]
<!-- interwiki -->
| color = lightgreen
| name = ''Echinopsis''
| image = Lightmatter cactusflower.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''Echinopsis spachiana''
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
| familia = [[Cactus|Cactaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Cactoideae]]
| tribus = [[Trichocereeae]]
| genus = '''''Echinopsis'''''
| genus_authority = [[Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini|Zucc.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
''around 180, see text''
}}
'''''Echinopsis''''' is a large [[genus]] of [[Cactus|cacti]] native to [[South America]], sometimes referred to as '''sea-urchin cactus''' or '''Easter lily cactus'''. One small species, <I>E. chamaecereus</I>, is known as the '''peanut cactus'''. The 128 species range from large and treelike types to small globose cacti. The name derives from ''echinos'' hedgehog or sea urchin, and ''opsis'' appearance, a reference to these plants' dense coverings of spines.
''Echinopsis'' is distinguished from ''[[Echinocactus]]'' by the length of the [[flower tube]], from ''[[Cereus]]'' by the form and size of their [[Plant stem|stems]], and from both in the position on the stem occupied by the flowers. They are remarkable for the great size, length of tube, and beauty of their flowers, which, borne upon generally small and dumpy stems, appear much larger and more attractive than would be expected.
==Distribution==
The distribution of ''Echinopsis'' is similar to that of ''Echinocactus'', species being found ''only'' in South America ([[Argentina]], [[Chile]], [[Bolivia]], [[Peru]], [[Brazil]], [[Ecuador]], [[Paraguay]] and [[Uruguay]]). They grow only in situations where the soil is sandy or gravelly, or on the sides of hills in the crevices of rocks.
==Cultivation==
The growing and resting seasons for ''Echinopsis'' are the same as for ''Echinocactus''. Research by J. Smith (former Curator at the [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]) showed that species like the [[Chile]]an ''Echinopsis cristata'' and its [[Mexico|Mexican]] relatives thrive if potted in light loam, with a little leaf mould and a few nodules of [[limestone]]. The limestone keeps the soil open; it is important that the soil should be well drained. In winter, water must be given very sparingly, and the atmosphere should be dry; the temperature need not exceed 10°C during the night, and in very cold weather it may be allowed to fall to 5°C, provided a higher temperature of 14°C is maintained during the day. In spring, the plants should receive the full influence of the increasing warmth of the sun; and during hot weather, they will be benefited by frequent spraying overhead, which should be done in the evening. The soil should never be saturated, as the soft fibrous roots will rot if kept wet for any length of time.
None of the species need to be grafted to grow freely and remain healthy, as the stems are all robust enough and of sufficient size to take care of themselves. The only danger is in keeping the plants too moist in winter, for although a little water now and again keeps the stems fresh and green, it deprives them of that rest which is essential to the development of their large, beautiful flowers in summer.
== Taxonomy changes ==
Studies in the 1970s and 1980s resulted in several formerly separate genera being absorbed into ''Echinopsis'':
*'''''Acantholobivia''''' <small>[[Backeb.]]</small>
*'''''Acanthopetalus''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small>
*'''''Andenea''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Aureilobivia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Chamaecereus''''' <small>[[Nathaniel Lord Britton|Britton]] & [[Joseph Nelson Rose|Rose]]</small>
*'''''Chamaelobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Cinnabarinea''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]] ex [[F.Ritter]]</small>
*'''''Echinolobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Echinonyctanthus''''' <small>[[Lem.]]</small>
*'''''Furiolobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Helianthocereus''''' <small>[[Backeb]]</small>
*'''''Heterolobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Hymenorebulobivia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Hymenorebutia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]] ex [[Buining]]</small>
*'''''Leucostele''''' <small>[[Backeb.]]</small>
*'''''Lobirebutia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Lobivia''''' <small>[[Nathaniel Lord Britton|Britton]] & [[Joseph Nelson Rose|Rose]]</small>
*'''''Lobiviopsis''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Megalobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Mesechinopsis''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small>
*'''''Neolobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small>
*'''''Pilopsis''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Pseudolobivia''''' <small>([[Backeb.]]) [[Backeb.]]</small>
*'''''Rebulobivia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]]</small> (nom. inval.)
*'''''Salpingolobivia''''' <small>[[Y.Itô]]</small>
*'''''Scoparebutia''''' <small>[[Alberto Vojtech Fric|Fric]] & [[Kreuz.]] ex [[Buining]]</small>
*'''''Setiechinopsis''''' <small>([[Backeb.]]) [[de Haas]]</small>
*'''''Soehrensia''''' <small>[[Backeb.]]</small>
*'''''Trichocereus''''' <small>([[A.Berger]]) [[Riccob.]]</small>
Some have proposed merging ''[[Rebutia]]'' as well.
The taxonomic changes have been [http://www.trout.yage.net/sc/Trichocereus_List_0.htm criticised] by [[K. Trout]], in particular the inclusion of the genus ''[[Trichocereus]]'', and the formation of a huge, complex new genus without an accompanying [[monograph]]. Some problems also arose due to namespace collision when this merger was made. Most notably, there had previously existed both ''[[Echinopsis bridgesii]]'' and ''[[Trichocereus bridgesii]]'', which are very different plants. ''[[Echinopsis bridgesii]]'' is a short clumping cactus, whereas ''Trichocereus bridgesii'' is a tall columnar cactus similar to [[San Pedro cactus|''E.'' (or ''T.'') ''pachanoi'']]. Under the new classification, ''Trichocereus bridgesii'' is known as ''[[Echinopsis lageniformis]]''. It should be pointed out that many people, still use the old ''Trichocereus'' classification, especially in ethnobotanical writings.
== Species ==
[[Image:The Botanical Magazine. pl 4521. Cactus.jpg|thumb|''Echinopsis cristata'' var. ''purpurea'' <p>Plate number 4521 from ''[[Curtis's Botanical Magazine]]'']]
:Note: some of the species listed below may be synonyms, subspecies, or varieties of others.
* ''[[Echinopsis adolfofriedrichii]]'' G. Moser
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis albispinosa]]'' K. Schumann = Echinopsis tubiflora -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis amblayensis]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich = Echinopsis haematantha-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis amoena]]'' A. Dietrich = Echinocereus pulchellus var. amoenus-->
* ''[[Echinopsis amoenissima]]'' Werdermann <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis ancistrophora]]'' Spegazzini
* ''[[Echinopsis angelesii]]'' (R. Kiesling) G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis antezanae]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis apiculata]]'' Linke <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis arachnacantha]]'' (Buining & F. Ritter) H.Friedrich = Echinopsis ancistrophora ssp. arachnacantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis arboricola]]'' (Kimnach) R. Mottram
* ''[[Echinopsis arebaloi]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis atacamensis]]'' (Philippi) H. Friedrich & G.D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis aurantiaca]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis glaucina-->
* ''[[Echinopsis aurata]]'' Salm-Dyck <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis aurea]]'' Britton & Rose
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis ayopayana]]'' F. Ritter & Rausch = Echinopsis comarapana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis backebergia]]'' Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis baldiana]]'' Spegazzini
* ''[[Echinopsis berlingii]]'' Y. Ito <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis bertramiana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis boedekeriana]]'' Harden = Echinopsis backebergii -->
* ''[[Echinopsis bolligeriana]]'' Mächler & Helmut Walter <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis bonnieae]]'' (Halda, Hogan & Janeba) Halda & Malina <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis boyuibensis]]'' F. Ritter
* ''[[Echinopsis brasilensis]]'' A. V. Frič
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis breviflora]]'' (Backeberg) M. Lowry = Echinopsis sanguiniflora-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis brevispina]]'' (F. Ritter) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis thionantha -->
* ''[[Echinopsis bridgesii]]'' Salm-Dyck (not to be confused with ''E. lageniformis'', which is also known as ''Trichocereus bridgesii'')
* ''[[Echinopsis bruchii]]'' (Britton & Rose) H. Friedrich & Glaetzle
* ''[[Echinopsis cabrerae]]'' (R. Kiesling) G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis cachensis]]'' Spegazzini = Echinopsis saltensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis caespitosa]]'' J. A. Purpus = Echinopsis maximiliana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis caineana]]'' (Cárdenas) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis cajasensis]]'' F. Ritter
* ''[[Echinopsis calliantholilacina]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis callichroma]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis calochlora]]'' K. Schumann
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis calorubra]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis obrepanda ssp. calorubra-->
* ''[[Echinopsis camarguensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis campylacantha]]'' Pfeiffer & Otto <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis candicans]]'' (Salm-Dyck) F. A. C. Weber
* ''[[Echinopsis cardenasiana]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis carmineiflora]]'' (Hoffman & Backeberg) H. Friedrich = Echinopsis obrepanda-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis catamarcensis]]'' F. A. C. Weber = Eriosyce strausiana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis caulescens]]'' (F. Ritter) M. Lowry <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis cephalomacrostibas]]'' (Werdermann & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis cerdana]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis chacoana]]'' Schütz = Echinopsis rhodotricha ssp. chacoana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis chalaensis]]'' (Rauh & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis chamaecereus]]'' H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle
* ''[[Echinopsis chereauniana]]'' Schlumb. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis chiloensis]]'' (Colla) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis chionantha]]'' (Spegazzini) Werdermann = Echinopsis thionantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis chrysantha]]'' Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis chrysochete]]'' Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis cinnabarina]]'' (Hooker) Labouret
* ''[[Echinopsis clavata]]'' (F. Ritter) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis cochabambensis]]'' Backeberg
* ''[[Echinopsis colmariensis]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis comarapana]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis conaconensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis coquimbana]]'' (Molina) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis cordobensis]]'' Spegazzini = Echinopsis leucantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis coronata]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis cotacajesii]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis courantii]]'' (K. Schumann) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis candicans-->
* ''[[Echinopsis crassicaulis]]'' (R. Kiesling) H. Friedrich & Glaetzle
* ''[[Echinopsis cristata]]'' Salm-Dyck <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis cuzcoensis]]'' (Britton & Rose) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis cylindracea]]'' (Backeberg) Friedrich
* ''[[Echinopsis decaisniana]]'' Walp. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis deminuta]]'' F. A. C. Weber = Rebutia deminuta -->
* ''[[Echinopsis densispina]]'' Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis derenbergii]]'' A. V. Frič
* ''[[Echinopsis deserticola]]'' (Werdermann) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis dobeana]]'' (Dölz) J. G. Lamb. = Echinopsis aurea var. dobeana? -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis ducis-paulii]]'' C. F. Först. = Lobivia ducis-paulii -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis dumesniliana]]'' Cels = Cereus candicans v. dumesnilianus = E. candicans v. dumesnilianus -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis elongata]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle = Echinopsis haematantha -->
* ''[[Echinopsis escayachensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis eyriesii]]'' Pfeiffer & Otto
* ''[[Echinopsis fabrisii]]'' (R.Kiesling) G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis fallax]]'' (Oehme) Friedrich = Echinopsis aurea -->
* ''[[Echinopsis famatimensis]]'' (Spegazzini) Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis ferox]]'' (Britton & Rose) Backeberg
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis fiebrigii]]'' Gürke = Echinopsis obrepanda -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis forbesii]]'' Hort. Angl.= Echinopsis rhodotricha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis formosa]]'' (Pfeiffer) Jacobi
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis formosissima]]'' Labouret = Echinopsis atacamensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis fricii]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich = Echinopsis tiegeliana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis friedrichii]]'' G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis fulvilana]]'' (F. Ritter) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis deserticola -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis gemmata]]'' K. Schumann = Echinopsis eyriesii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis gibbosa]]'' Pfeiffer <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis gigantea]]'' Rud. Meyer <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis gladispina]]'' Y. Ito <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis glauca]]'' (F. Ritter) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis glaucina]]'' H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis grandiflora]]'' Linke = Echinopsis calochlora-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis grandis]]'' (Britton & Rose) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis bruchii-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis haageanus]]'' Linke = Echinopsis marsonieri -->
* ''[[Echinopsis haematantha]]'' (Spegazzini) J. G. Lamb.
* ''[[Echinopsis hahniana]]'' (Backeberg) R. S. Wallace
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis hamatacantha]]'' Backeberg & Backberg = Echinopsis ancistrophora-->
* ''[[Echinopsis hamatispina]]'' Werdermann <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis hammerschmidii]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis hardeniana]]'' Boed. = Echinopsis pentlandii-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis hempeliana]]'' Gürke = Oreocereus hempelianus -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis herbasii]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis mamillosa-->
* ''[[Echinopsis hertrichiana]]'' (Backeberg) D. R. Hunt
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis herzogiana]]'' (Card.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis tarijensis ssp. herzogianus-->
* ''[[Echinopsis hossei]]'' Werdermann <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis hualfinensis]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle = Echinopsis haematantha -->
* ''[[Echinopsis huascha]]'' (F. A. C. Weber) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis huotti]]'' Labour.
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis hyalacantha]]'' (Spegazzini) Werdermann = Echinopsis huascha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis hystrichoides]]'' F. Ritter
* ''[[Echinopsis ibicuatensis]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis imperialis]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis ingens]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis bruchii-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis intricatissima]]'' Spegazzini = Echinopsis leucantha -->
* ''[[Echinopsis jajoiana]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis jamessianus]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis kermesina]]'' (Krainz) Krainz = Echinopsis mamillosa var. kermesina-->
* ''[[Echinopsis kladiwaiana]]'' Rausch
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis klimpeliana]]'' Weidlich & Werdermann = Acanthocalycium klimpelianum-->
* ''[[Echinopsis klingleriana]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis knotti]]'' Schlumberger <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis knuthiana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis korethroides]]'' Werdermann
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis kratochviliana]]'' Backeberg = Echinopsis ancistrophora-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis kuehnrichii]]'' (Frič) H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle = Echinopsis haematantha ssp. kuehnrichii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis lageniformis]]'' (Forst.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley (formerly ''Trichocereus bridgesii'')
* ''[[Echinopsis lamprochlora]]'' F. A. C. Weber
* ''[[Echinopsis lateritia]]'' Gürke
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis lecoriensis]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis ferox-->
* ''[[Echinopsis leucantha]]'' Walpers
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis leucomalla]]'' (Wessner) Friedrich = Echinopsis aurea-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis leucorhodantha]]'' Backeberg = Echinopsis ancistrophora-->
* ''[[Echinopsis litoralis]]'' (Joh.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis lobivioides]]'' Backeberg = Echinopsis huascha-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis longispina]]'' (Britton & Rose) Werdermann = Echinopsis ferox var. longispina-->
* ''[[Echinopsis lorethroides]]'' Werdermann <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis macrodiscus]]'' Frič <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis macrogona]]'' (S.D.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis mamillosa]]'' Gürke
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis manguinii]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis schickendantzii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis marsoneri]]'' Werdermann
* ''[[Echinopsis mataranensis]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis maximiliana]]'' Heyder
* ''[[Echinopsis melanacantha]]'' A. Dietr. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis melanopotamica]]'' Spegazzini = Echinopsis leucantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis meyeri]]'' Heese
* ''[[Echinopsis mieckleyi]]'' Rud. Meyer
* ''[[Echinopsis mihanovichii]]'' Frič & Gurcke <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis minuana]]'' Spegazzini
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis minuscula]]'' F. A. C. Weber = Rebutia minuscula-->
* ''[[Echinopsis mirabilis]]'' Spegazzini
* ''[[Echinopsis misleyi]]'' J. Labouret <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis mistiensis]]'' Werdermann & Backeberg = Echinopsis pampana -->
* ''[[Echinopsis molesta]]'' Spegazzini
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis multiplex]]'' Pfeiff. & Otto = Echinopsis oxygona -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis narvaecensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis tarijensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis nealeana]]'' (Backeberg) Friedrich = Echinopsis saltensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis nigra]]'' Backeberg
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis nigricans]]'' Linke = Eriosyce limariensis -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis nigripilis]]'' (Phil.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis coquimbana-->
* ''[[Echinopsis nigrispina]]'' Walp. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis nodosa]]'' Linke <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis obrepanda]]'' (Salm-Dyck) K. Schum.
* ''[[Echinopsis octacantha]]'' Muehlenpf. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis oligotricha]]'' (Cárdenas) M. Lowry = Echinopsis cinnabarina-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis oreopogon]]'' (Spegazzini) Werdermann = Echinopsis formosa-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis orozasana]]'' F. Ritter = Echinopsis obrepanda-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis orurensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis ferox-->
* ''[[Echinopsis oxygona]]'' Pfeiff. & Otto
* ''[[Echinopsis pachanoi]]'' (Britton & Rose) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis pampana]]'' (Britton & Rose) D. R. Hunt
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pampariuzii]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis huotii -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis paraguayensis]]'' Mundt = Echinopsis oxygona-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pasacana]]'' (F. A. C. Weber) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis atacamensis ssp. pasacana-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pecheretiana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis huascha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis pectinata]]'' Fennel <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis peitscherana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Acanthocalycium klimpelianum-->
* ''[[Echinopsis pelecygona]]'' Y. Ito <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pelecyrhachis]]'' Backeberg = Echinopsis ancistrophora-->
* ''[[Echinopsis pentlandii]]'' (W. J. Hooker) Salm-Dyck ex A. Dietrich
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pereziensis]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis comarapana -->
* ''[[Echinopsis peruviana]]'' (Britton & Rose) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis philippii]]'' (Regel & Schmidt) G. Nicholson = Austrocactus philippii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis picta]]'' Walp. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis poco]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis tarijensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis pojoensis]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis polyancistra]]'' Backeberg = Echinopsis ancistrophora-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis potosina]]'' Werdermann = Echinopsis ferox-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pseudocachensis]]'' (Backeberg) Friedrich = Echinopsis saltensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pseudocandicans]]'' (R. Kiesling) H. Friedrich & Glaetzle = Echinopsis candicans-->
* ''[[Echinopsis pseudomammillosa]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis psuedominuscula]]'' Spegazzini = Rebutia deminuta-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pudantii]]'' Pfersdorf = Echinopsis eyriesii -->
* ''[[Echinopsis pugionacantha]]'' Rose & F. Boedeker
* ''[[Echinopsis pulchella]]'' Zucc. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis puquiensis]]'' (Rauh & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis peruviana ssp. puquiensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis purpureopilosa]]'' (Weing.) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis lamprochlora-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis pygmaea]]'' R. Fries = Rebutia pygmaea-->
* ''[[Echinopsis quadratiumbonata]]'' (F. Ritter) D. R. Hunt
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis quinesensis]]'' (Rausch) H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle = Echinopsis aurea -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis randallii]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis formosa-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rauschii]]'' Friedrich = Echinopsis obrepanda-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rebutioides]]'' (Backeberg) Friedrich = Echinopsis densispina-->
* ''[[Echinopsis reichenbachiana]]'' Pfeiff. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rhodacantha]]'' Salm-Dyck = Denmoza rhodacantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis rhodotricha]]'' K. Schumann
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis ritteri]]'' F. Boedeker = Echinopsis mamillosa-->
* ''[[Echinopsis riviere-de-caraltii]]'' Cárdenas
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rivierei]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis atacamensis ssp. atacamensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis robinsoniana]]'' Werdermann <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rojasii]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis obrepanda -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis roseo-lilacina]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis mamillosa-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rossii]]'' F. Boedeker = Echinopsis pugionacantha ssp. rossii-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rowleyi]]'' H. Friedrich = Echinopsis huascha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis rubescens]]'' Backeberg <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis rubinghiana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis thelegonoides-->
* ''[[Echinopsis salmiana]]'' F. A. C. Weber <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis salpigophara]]'' A. C. Lemaire <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis saltensis]]'' Spegazzini
* ''[[Echinopsis sanguiniflora]]'' (Backeberg) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis santaensis]]'' (Rauh & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis santiaguensis]]'' (Spegazzini) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis spachiana-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis scheerii]]'' Salm-Dyck = Echinopsis pentlandii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis schelhasii]]'' Pfeiff. & Otto <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis schickendantzii]]'' F. A. C. Weber
* ''[[Echinopsis schieliana]]'' (Backeberg) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis schoenii]]'' (Rauh & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis schreiteri]]'' (Castellanos) Werdermann
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis schwantesii]]'' Frič = Echinopsis oxygona-->
* ''[[Echinopsis scopa]]'' Carrière <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis scoparia]]'' Werdermann = Echinopsis densispina-->
* ''[[Echinopsis scopulicola]]'' (F. Ritter) R. Mottram
* ''[[Echinopsis setosa]]'' Linke <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis shaferi]]'' Britton & Rose = Echinopsis leucantha-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis silvatica]]'' F. Ritter = Echinopsis mamillosa ssp. silvatica-->
* ''[[Echinopsis silvestrii]]'' Spegazzini
* ''[[Echinopsis simplex]]'' Niedl <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis skottsbergii]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis smrziana]]'' Backeberg
* ''[[Echinopsis spachiana]]'' (A. C. Lemaire) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis spegazziniana]]'' Britton & Rose = Echinopsis leucantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis spegazzinii]]'' K. Schumann <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis sphacelata]]'' Gravis <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis spinibarbis]]'' (Otto) A. E. Hoffmann
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis spiniflora]]'' (K. Schumann) A. Berger = Acanthocalycium spiniflorum-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis stilowiana]]'' (Backeberg) J. G. Lambert = Echinopsis schreiteri-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis stollenwerkiana]]'' F. Boedeker = Echinopsis pugionacantha-->
* ''[[Echinopsis strausii]]'' Graessn. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis strigosa]]'' (Salm-Dyck) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis subdenudata]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis sucrensis]]'' Cárdenas
* ''[[Echinopsis tacaquirensis]]'' (Vaupel) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tacuarembense]]'' J. Arechavaleta <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis tapecuana]]'' F. Ritter = Echinopsis obrepanda ssp. tapecuana-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis taquimbalensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis tacaquirensis ssp. taquimbalensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis taratensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tarijensis]]'' (Vaupel) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tarmaensis]]'' (Rauh & Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tegeleriana]]'' (Backeberg) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis tephracantha]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis terscheckii]]'' (A. A. Parmentier) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis thelegona]]'' (F. A. C. Weber) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis thelegonoides]]'' (Spegazzini) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis thionantha]]'' (Spegazzini) D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis tiegeliana]]'' (Wessner) D. R. Hunt
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis toralapana]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis obrepanda -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis torrecillacensis]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis ancistrophora ssp. arachnacantha var. torrecillasensis -->
* ''[[Echinopsis trichosa]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tricolor]]'' A. G. Dietrich <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis tuberculata]]'' Niedt <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis tubiflora]]'' J. G. Zuccarini
* ''[[Echinopsis tucumanensis]]'' Y. Ito <!--?-->
* ''[[Echinopsis tulhuayacensis]]'' (Ochoa) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis tunariensis]]'' (Cárdenas) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis turbinata]]'' Pfeiff. & Otto = Echinopsis eyriesii -->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis uebelmanniana]]'' (Lembcke & Backeberg) A. E. Hoffmann = Echinopsis formosa-->
* ''[[Echinopsis uyupampensis]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis valida]]'' Monville = Echinopsis uyupampensis-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis vallegrandensis]]'' Cárdenas = Echinopsis huotii ssp. vallegrandensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis vasquezii]]'' (Rausch) G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis vatteri]]'' (R. Kiesling) G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis verschaffeltii]]'' Hort. <!--?-->
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis violacea]]'' E. Werdermann = Acanthocalycium spiniflorum-->
* ''[[Echinopsis volliana]]'' (Backeberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley
* ''[[Echinopsis walteri]]'' (R. Kiesling) H. Friedrich & W. Glaetzle
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis werdermanniana]]'' (Backberg) H. Friedrich & G. D. Rowley = Echinopsis terscheckii-->
* ''[[Echinopsis werdermannii]]'' Frič
<!--* ''[[Echinopsis yungasensis]]'' F. Ritter = Echinopsis bridgesii ssp. yungasensis-->
* ''[[Echinopsis yuquina]]'' D. R. Hunt
* ''[[Echinopsis zuccarinii]]'' Pfeiff. & Otto <!--?-->
Many hybrids exist, mostly between similar species but also between more distinct ones, such as the cross between ''E. pachanoi'' and ''E. eyriesii'' which was sold under the name "Trichopsis pachaniesii" by Sacred Succulents.
== References ==
* [[Edward F. Anderson]], ''[[The Cactus Family]]'' (Timber Press, 2001) ISBN 0-88192-498-9, pp. 255-286
* K. Trout, ''Trout's Notes on San Pedro & related Trichocereus species (Sacred Cacti 3rd ed. Part B)'' (Moksha Press, 2005) ISBN 0-9770876-0-3
==External links==
* [http://cactiguide.com/cactus/?genus=Echinopsis Cactiguide: ''Echinopsis'']
* [http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/1/3/3/5/13357/13357-h/13357-h.htm Cactus Culture for Amateurs] by W. Watson (1889)
* [http://www.desert-tropicals.com/Plants/Cactaceae/Echinopsis.html Desert Tropicals: ''Echinopsis'']
* [http://www.plot55.com/growing/trichocereus.html Growing Trichocereus species (Plot55.com)]
* [http://www.ipni.org/index.html IPNI]
* [http://www.kuentz.com/noms/echinopsis.htm Kuentz: ''Echinopsis'' (in French)]
* [http://www.f-lohmueller.de/botany/gen/e/Echinopsis.htm Lohmueller: ''Echinopsis'']
[[Category:Cacti]]
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