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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Rutaceae
| image = Skimmia reevesiana2.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = ''[[Skimmia]] japonica''
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Sapindales]]
| familia = '''Rutaceae'''
| familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]], 1789
| type_genus = ''[[Ruta]]''
| type_genus_authority= [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =About 160, totaling over 1600 species. See [[List of Rutaceae genera]]
}}
'''Rutaceae''', commonly known as the Rue or Citrus family, is a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[plant]]s, usually placed in the [[order (biology)|order]] [[Sapindales]].
Species of the family generally have [[flower]]s that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from [[herb]]s to [[shrub]]s and small [[tree]]s.
The most economically important [[genus]] in the family is ''[[Citrus]]'', which includes the [[Orange (fruit)|orange]] (''C. sinensis''), [[lemon]] (''C.'' × ''limon''), [[grapefruit]] (''C. paradisi''), and [[Lime (fruit)|lime]] (various, mostly ''C. aurantifolia'', the [[key lime]]). ''[[Boronia]]'' is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include ''[[Zanthoxylum]]'' and ''[[Agathosma]]''.
==Characteristics==
Most species are trees or shrubs, a few are herbs (''[[Boenninghausenia]]''), frequently aromatic with [[gland]]s on the [[leaves]], sometimes with [[Spine (botany)|thorn]]s. The leaves are usually opposed and [[compound leaf|compound]], and without [[stipule]]s.
Flowers are [[bract]]less, solitary or in [[cyme]], rarely in [[raceme]], and mainly pollinated by insects. They are [[Floral symmetry|radially]] or (rarely) laterally symmetric, and generally [[plant sexuality|hermaphrodite]]. They have four or five [[petal]]s and sepals, sometimes three, mostly separate, eight to ten [[stamen]] (five in ''[[Skimmia]]'', many in ''[[Citrus]]''), usually separate on in several groups. Usually a single stigma with 2 to 5 united [[carpel]]s, sometimes ovaries separate and styles combined.
The fruit of Rutaceae are very variable: [[berries]], [[drupe]]s, [[hesperidium]]s, [[samara (fruit)|samara]], [[capsule (fruit)|capsule]]s and [[follicle (fruit)|follicle]]s all occur. Seed number also varies widely.
==Classification==
The family is closely related to [[Sapindaceae]], [[Simaroubaceae]] and [[Meliaceae]], and all are usually placed into the same [[order (biology)|order]], although some systems separate that order into [[Rutales]] and [[Sapindales]]. The families [[Flindersiaceae]] and [[Ptaeroxylaceae]] are sometimes kept separate, but nowadays generally placed in Rutaceae, as are the former [[Cneoraceae]] are also included. The subfamilial organization has not been fully resolved, but the subfamilies Citroideae (=Aurantioideae) and Rutoideae are well supported; the placement of several genera remains unclear.
==Notable species==
{{seealso|List of Rutaceae genera}}
[[Image:NIH citrus.jpg|thumb|various ''Citrus'' fruits]]
The family is of great economic importance under tropical climates for its numerous edible fruits of the ''[[Citrus]]'' genus, such as the [[orange (fruit)|orange]], [[lime (fruit)|lime]], [[kumquat]], [[mandarine]] and [[grapefruit]]. Non-citrus fruits include the [[White sapote]] (''Casimiroa edulis'') and the [[bael]] (''Aegle marmelos''). Other plants are grown in [[horticulture]]: ''[[Murraya]]'' species, for example. ''[[Ruta]]'', ''[[Zanthoxylum]]'' and ''[[Casimiroa]]'' species are medicinals. Several plants are also used by the [[perfume]] industry, such as the Western Australian ''[[Boronia megastigma]]''.
==References==
*{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Gurjaran |title=Plant Systematics: An Integrated Approach |year=2004 |publisher=Science Publishers |location=Enfield, New Hampshire |isbn=1-57808-342-7| pages=pp. 438-440}}
*{{cite journal |last=Chase |first=Mark W. |coauthors=Cynthia M. Morton & Jacquelyn A. Kallunki |year=1999 |month=August |title=Phylogenetic relationships of Rutaceae: a cladistic analysis of the subfamilies using evidence from RBC and ATP sequence variation |journal=American Journal of Botany |volume=86 |issue=8 |pages=1191-1199 |url=http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/86/8/1191|accessdate=2007-08-30}}
==External links==
*{{commonscat-inline|Rutaceae}}
[[Category:Rutaceae| ]]
[[Category:Sapindales]]
[[Category:Plant families]]
| color = lightgreen
| name = Rutaceae
| image = Skimmia reevesiana2.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = ''[[Skimmia]] japonica''
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Sapindales]]
| familia = '''Rutaceae'''
| familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]], 1789
| type_genus = ''[[Ruta]]''
| type_genus_authority= [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =About 160, totaling over 1600 species. See [[List of Rutaceae genera]]
}}
'''Rutaceae''', commonly known as the Rue or Citrus family, is a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[plant]]s, usually placed in the [[order (biology)|order]] [[Sapindales]].
Species of the family generally have [[flower]]s that divide into four or five parts, usually with strong scents. They range in form and size from [[herb]]s to [[shrub]]s and small [[tree]]s.
The most economically important [[genus]] in the family is ''[[Citrus]]'', which includes the [[Orange (fruit)|orange]] (''C. sinensis''), [[lemon]] (''C.'' × ''limon''), [[grapefruit]] (''C. paradisi''), and [[Lime (fruit)|lime]] (various, mostly ''C. aurantifolia'', the [[key lime]]). ''[[Boronia]]'' is a large Australian genus, some members of which are plants with highly fragrant flowers and are used in commercial oil production. Other large genera include ''[[Zanthoxylum]]'' and ''[[Agathosma]]''.
==Characteristics==
Most species are trees or shrubs, a few are herbs (''[[Boenninghausenia]]''), frequently aromatic with [[gland]]s on the [[leaves]], sometimes with [[Spine (botany)|thorn]]s. The leaves are usually opposed and [[compound leaf|compound]], and without [[stipule]]s.
Flowers are [[bract]]less, solitary or in [[cyme]], rarely in [[raceme]], and mainly pollinated by insects. They are [[Floral symmetry|radially]] or (rarely) laterally symmetric, and generally [[plant sexuality|hermaphrodite]]. They have four or five [[petal]]s and sepals, sometimes three, mostly separate, eight to ten [[stamen]] (five in ''[[Skimmia]]'', many in ''[[Citrus]]''), usually separate on in several groups. Usually a single stigma with 2 to 5 united [[carpel]]s, sometimes ovaries separate and styles combined.
The fruit of Rutaceae are very variable: [[berries]], [[drupe]]s, [[hesperidium]]s, [[samara (fruit)|samara]], [[capsule (fruit)|capsule]]s and [[follicle (fruit)|follicle]]s all occur. Seed number also varies widely.
==Classification==
The family is closely related to [[Sapindaceae]], [[Simaroubaceae]] and [[Meliaceae]], and all are usually placed into the same [[order (biology)|order]], although some systems separate that order into [[Rutales]] and [[Sapindales]]. The families [[Flindersiaceae]] and [[Ptaeroxylaceae]] are sometimes kept separate, but nowadays generally placed in Rutaceae, as are the former [[Cneoraceae]] are also included. The subfamilial organization has not been fully resolved, but the subfamilies Citroideae (=Aurantioideae) and Rutoideae are well supported; the placement of several genera remains unclear.
==Notable species==
{{seealso|List of Rutaceae genera}}
[[Image:NIH citrus.jpg|thumb|various ''Citrus'' fruits]]
The family is of great economic importance under tropical climates for its numerous edible fruits of the ''[[Citrus]]'' genus, such as the [[orange (fruit)|orange]], [[lime (fruit)|lime]], [[kumquat]], [[mandarine]] and [[grapefruit]]. Non-citrus fruits include the [[White sapote]] (''Casimiroa edulis'') and the [[bael]] (''Aegle marmelos''). Other plants are grown in [[horticulture]]: ''[[Murraya]]'' species, for example. ''[[Ruta]]'', ''[[Zanthoxylum]]'' and ''[[Casimiroa]]'' species are medicinals. Several plants are also used by the [[perfume]] industry, such as the Western Australian ''[[Boronia megastigma]]''.
==References==
*{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Gurjaran |title=Plant Systematics: An Integrated Approach |year=2004 |publisher=Science Publishers |location=Enfield, New Hampshire |isbn=1-57808-342-7| pages=pp. 438-440}}
*{{cite journal |last=Chase |first=Mark W. |coauthors=Cynthia M. Morton & Jacquelyn A. Kallunki |year=1999 |month=August |title=Phylogenetic relationships of Rutaceae: a cladistic analysis of the subfamilies using evidence from RBC and ATP sequence variation |journal=American Journal of Botany |volume=86 |issue=8 |pages=1191-1199 |url=http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/86/8/1191|accessdate=2007-08-30}}
==External links==
*{{commonscat-inline|Rutaceae}}
[[Category:Rutaceae| ]]
[[Category:Sapindales]]
[[Category:Plant families]]
