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Tropaeolum (view source)

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|common_name=Canary bird vine, Flame creeper, Nasturtium
 
|common_name=Canary bird vine, Flame creeper, Nasturtium
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|habit=herbaceous
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|features=edible
 
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'''Nasturtium''' ({{pron-en|næˈstɜrʃ(i)əm}})<ref>{{OED|nasturtium}}</ref> literally "nose-twister" or "nose-tweaker"), as a common name, refers to a genus of roughly 80 species of [[Annual plant|annual]] and [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[herbaceous plant|herbaceous]] [[flowering plant]]s in the genus '''''Tropaeolum''''' ({{pron-en|trɵˈpiː.ələm}},<ref>''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607; {{OED|Tropaeolum}}</ref> "trophy"), one of three genera in the family [[Tropaeolaceae]]. It should not be confused with the [[Watercress]]es of the genus ''[[Nasturtium (genus)|Nasturtium]]'', of the [[Brassicaceae|Mustard]] family.
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The genus ''Tropaeolum'', native to [[South America|South]] and [[Central America]], includes several very popular garden plants, the most commonly grown being ''T. majus'', ''T. peregrinum'' and ''T. speciosum''. The hardiest species is ''T. polyphyllum'' from [[Chile]], the perennial roots of which can survive underground when air temperatures drop as low as -15°C (5°F).
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They have showy, often intensely bright flowers (the intense color can make [[macrophotography]] quite difficult), and rounded, peltate ([[shield]]-shaped) leaves with the [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]] in the center. The flowers have five petals (sometimes more), a three-carpelled ovary, and a funnel-shaped nectar tube in the back.
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In cultivation, most varieties of nasturtiums prefer to be grown in direct or indirect sunlight, with a few preferring partial shade.
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The most common use of the nasturtium plant in cultivation is as an ornamental flower. It grows easily and prolifically, and is a self-seeding annual.
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All parts of the plant are edible. The flower has most often been consumed, making for an especially ornamental salad ingredient; it has a slightly peppery taste reminiscent of [[watercress]], and is also used in [[stir fry]]. The unripe seed pods can be harvested and pickled with hot vinegar, to produce a condiment and garnish, sometimes used in place of [[capers]], although the taste is strongly peppery. The [[mashua]] (''T. tuberosum'') produces an edible underground [[tuber]] that is a major food source in parts of the [[Andes]].
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Nasturtiums are also considered widely useful [[companion plant]]s. They repel a great many [[cucurbit]] pests, like [[squash bug]]s, [[cucumber beetle]]s, and several caterpillars. They had a similar range of benefits for [[brassica]] plants, especially [[broccoli]] and [[cauliflower]]. They also attract black fly [[aphids]], and are sometimes planted in the hope of saving crops susceptible to them (as a [[trap crop]]). They may also attract beneficial, predatory insects.
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Tropaeolum (from Greek word for trophy; the leaves are shield-shaped and the flowers helmet-shaped). Tropaeolaceae. Nasturtium of gardens (but not of botanists). Climbing or rarely diffuse soft-growing herbs, grown in the garden for their showy flowers.
 
Tropaeolum (from Greek word for trophy; the leaves are shield-shaped and the flowers helmet-shaped). Tropaeolaceae. Nasturtium of gardens (but not of botanists). Climbing or rarely diffuse soft-growing herbs, grown in the garden for their showy flowers.
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==Species==
 
==Species==
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<!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
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{{col-begin}}
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{{col-1-of-4}}
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*''[[Tropaeolum adpressum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum aduncum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum albiflorum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum argentinum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum asplundii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum atrocapillare]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum azureum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum beuthii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum bicolor]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum bimaculatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum bogotense]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum boliviense]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum brachyceras]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum brasiliense]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum brideanum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum bridgesii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum buchenaui]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum buchenauianum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum calcaratum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum calvum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum capillare]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum carchense]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum chilense]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum chrysanthum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum chymocarpus]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum ciliatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum cirrhipes]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum coccineum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum cochabambae]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum concavum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum concinneum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum canariense]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum crenatiflorum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum crenatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum cubio]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum curvirostre]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum cuspidatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum deckerianum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum dentatifolium]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum denticualtum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum digitatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum dipetalum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum edule]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum elatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum elegans]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum elzae]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum emarginatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum equatoriense]]''
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{{col-2-of-4}}
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*''[[Tropaeolum ferreyrae]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum fintelmannii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum flavipilum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum floribundum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum fulvum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum funckii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum gaertnerianum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum garciae]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum glaucescens]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum glaucum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum glaziovii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum gracile]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum guatemalense]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum harlingii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum hayneanum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum hieronymii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum hirsutum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum hirtifolium]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum hjertingii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum hookerianum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum hortense]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum hughesae]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum huigrense]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum huynhii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum hybridum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum incisum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum incrassatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum infundibularum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum integrifolium]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum jilesii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum karstenii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum kerneisinum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum killipii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum kingii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum klotzschii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum kuntzeanum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum lasseri]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum lechleri]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum lehmannii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum leichtlinii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum leonis]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum lepidum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum leptoceras]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum leptophyllum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum lindenii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum linearifolium]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum lobbianum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum lobbii]]''
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{{col-3-of-4}}
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*''[[Tropaeolum longiflorum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum longifolium]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum looseri]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum luteum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum macrophyllum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum macrophyllum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum maculatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum maculifolium]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum magnificum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum majus]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum marginatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum mathewsii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum menispermifolium]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum mexiae]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum meyeri]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum minimum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum minus]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum moritzianum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum morreanum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum mucronatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum myriophyllum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum nubigenum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum nuptae-jucundae]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum olmosense]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum orinocense]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum orthoceras]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum oxalidanthum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum paniculatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum papillosum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum parviflorum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum parvifolium]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum patagonicum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum pellucidum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum peltophorum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum pendulum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum pentagonum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum pentaphyllum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum peregrinum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum pilosum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum piltophorum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum pinnatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum polyphyllum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum popelari]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum porifolium]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum prostratum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum pseudopubescens]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum pubescens]]''
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{{col-4-of-4}}
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*''[[Tropaeolum pulchellum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum purpureum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum quinatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum quinquelobum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum rectangulum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum reichianum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum reineckeanum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum repandum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum rhizophorum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum rhomboideum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum sanctae-catharinae]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum schlimii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum seemannii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum septangulum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum septemlobatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum sessilifolium]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum smithii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum speciosum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum steyermarkianum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum stipulatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum suberosum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum subincrassatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum tenellum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum tenuirostre]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum tenuirostre]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum tomentosum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum traceyae]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum trialatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum trialatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum tricolor]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum tricolori-brachyceras]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum trilobum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum trilobum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum tuberosum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum umbellatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum unilobatum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum vargasianum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum venezuelae]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum venosum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum violaceum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum violaeflorum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum wagnerianum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum warmingianum]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum warscewiczii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum weberbaueri]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum willinkii]]''
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*''[[Tropaeolum yarrati]]''
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{{col-end}}
    
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