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Elm (view source)

Revision as of 14:34, 5 May 2010

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|common_name=Elm
 
|common_name=Elm
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|habit=tree
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|lifespan=perennial
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|features=deciduous
 
|Temp Metric=°F
 
|Temp Metric=°F
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
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|image=Upload.png
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|image=Mature Ulmus rubra in graveyard.jpg
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|image_width=240
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|image_width=180
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}}
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|image_caption=Mature Slippery Elm
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| latin_name = ''Ulmus''
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| common_names = Elm
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| growth_habit = tree
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan = perennial
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Mature Ulmus rubra in graveyard.jpg
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| image_width = 180px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = Mature Slippery Elm
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| familia = Ulmaceae
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| genus = Ulmus
   
}}
 
}}
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'''Elms''' are  [[deciduous]] and [[semi-deciduous]] [[tree]]s comprising the genus ''Ulmus'', family [[Ulmaceae]].
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Elm [[leaves]] are alternate, with simple, single- or, most commonly, [[leaf shape|doubly-serrate]] margins, usually [[asymmetric]] at the base and [[acuminate]] at the [[wikt:apex|apex]]. The genus is [[hermaphroditic]], having [[Plant sexuality#Individual_reproductive_unit_.28a_flower_in_angiosperms.29|perfect flower]]s which, being wind-pollinated, are [[apetalous]]. The fruit is a round wind-dispersed [[samara (fruit)|samara]]. All species are tolerant of a wide range of soils and [[pH]] levels but, with few exceptions, demand good drainage.
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{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
[[Image:Ulmus_glabra.jpg|right|thumb|Wych Elm leaves and seeds]]  
 
[[Image:Ulmus_glabra.jpg|right|thumb|Wych Elm leaves and seeds]]  
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===Pests and diseases===
 
===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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'''Dutch elm disease''' devastated elms throughout Europe and North America in the second half of the 20th century. It is caused by a micro-[[fungus]] transmitted by two species of ''[[Scolytinae|Scolytus]]'' elm-bark [[beetle]] which act as [[Vector (epidemiology)|vector]]s. The disease affects all species of elm native to North America and Europe, but many Asiatic species have anti-fungal genes and are resistant.
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==Species, varieties, forms==
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*'''"Mountain elms"''': spring flowering; flowers subsessile; leaves usually rough above.
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**''[[Ulmus bergmanniana]]'' - Bergmann's Elm
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***[[Ulmus bergmanniana var. bergmanniana|''Ulmus bergmanniana'' var. ''bergmanniana'']]
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***[[Ulmus bergmanniana var. lasiophylla|''Ulmus bergmanniana'' var. ''lasiophylla'']]
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**''[[Ulmus boissieri]]''
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**''[[Ulmus castaneifolia]]'' - Chestnut-leafed Elm
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**''[[Ulmus changii]]''
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***[[Ulmus changii var. changii|''Ulmus changii'' var. ''changii'']]
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***[[Ulmus changii var. kunmingensis|''Ulmus changii'' var. ''kunmingensis'']]
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**''[[Ulmus chumlia]]''
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**''[[Ulmus elongata]]''
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**''[[Ulmus gaussenii]]'' - Anhui Elm
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**''[[Ulmus glabra - Wych Elm|Ulmus glabra]]'' - Wych Elm, Scots Elm,
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**''[[Ulmus glaucescens - Gansu Elm|Ulmus glaucescens]]'' - Gansu Elm
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***[[Ulmus glaucescens var. glaucescens|''Ulmus glaucescens'' var. ''glaucescens'']]
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***[[Ulmus glaucescens var. lasiocarpa|''Ulmus glaucescens'' var. ''lasiocarpa'']]
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**''[[Ulmus laciniata]]'' - Manchurian Elm, Cut-leaf Elm
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***''[[Ulmus laciniata var. nikkoensis]]'' - Nikko Elm
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**''[[Ulmus lamellosa]]'' - Hebei Elm
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**''[[Ulmus macrocarpa]]'' - Large-fruited Elm
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***[[Ulmus macrocarpa var. glabra|''Ulmus macrocarpa'' var. ''glabra'']]
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***[[Ulmus macrocarpa var. macrocarpa|''Ulmus macrocarpa'' var. ''macrocarpa'']]
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**''[[Ulmus mexicana]]'' - Mexican Elm
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**''[[Ulmus microcarpa]]''
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**''[[Ulmus prunifolia]]''
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**''[[Ulmus rubra]]'' - Slippery Elm, Red Elm
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**''[[Ulmus uyematsui]]'' - Arishan Elm
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**''[[Ulmus wallichiana]]'' - Himalayan Elm, Kashmir Elm
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***[[Ulmus wallichiana subsp. wallichiana|''Ulmus wallichiana'' subsp. ''wallichiana'']]
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***[[Ulmus wallichiana subsp. xanthoderma|''Ulmus wallichiana'' subsp. ''xanthoderma'']]
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***[[Ulmus wallichiana var. tomentosa|''Ulmus wallichiana'' var. ''tomentosa'']]
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*'''"Field elms"''': spring flowering; flowers subsessile; leaves usually smooth above.
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**''[[Ulmus canescens]]'' - Grey Elm, Grey-leafed Elm, Hoary Elm
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***[[Ulmus canescens var. africans|''Ulmus canescens'' var. ''africans'']]
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**''[[Ulmus chenmoui]]'' - Chenmou Elm
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**''[[Ulmus davidiana]]''  - David Elm, Father David's Elm
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***[[Ulmus davidiana var. davidiana|''Ulmus davidiana'' var. ''davidiana'']]
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***[[Ulmus davidiana var. japonica|''Ulmus davidiana'' var. ''japonica'']] - Japanese Elm, Wilson's Elm
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**''[[Ulmus harbinensis]]''
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**''[[Ulmus ismaelis]]''
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**''[[Ulmus lanceifolia]]''
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**''[[Field Elm|Ulmus minor]]'' - Field Elm
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***[[Ulmus minor subsp. angustifolia|''Ulmus minor'' subsp. ''angustifolia'']] - Cornish Elm
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***[[Smooth-leaved Elm|''Ulmus minor'' subsp. ''minor'']] - Smooth-leaved Elm, Narrow-leaved Elm
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***[[Plot's Elm|''Ulmus minor'' var. ''plotii'']] - Plot's Elm, Goodyer's Elm, Lock Elm
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***[[Guernsey Elm|''Ulmus minor'' subsp. ''sarniensis'']] - Guernsey Elm, Jersey Elm, Southampton Elm, Wheatley Elm
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**''[[English Elm|Ulmus procera]]'' - English Elm, Atinian Elm
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**''[[Ulmus pseudopropinqua]]''
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**''[[Siberian Elm|Ulmus pumila]]'' - Siberian Elm
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***[[U. pumila var. arborea|''Ulmus pumila'' var. ''arborea'']]
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**''[[Ulmus szechuanica]]'' - Szechuan Elm
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**''[[Cherry Bark Elm|Ulmus villosa]]'' - Cherry Bark Elm
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*'''"White elms"''': spring flowering; flowers pedunculate
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**''[[Winged Elm|Ulmus alata]]'' - Winged Elm, Wahoo
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**''[[American Elm|Ulmus americana]]'' - American Elm, White Elm
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**''[[European White Elm|Ulmus laevis]]'' - European White Elm, Fluttering Elm, Spreading Elm, (USA) Russian Elm
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**''[[Rock Elm|Ulmus thomasii]]'' - Rock Elm, Cork Elm
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*'''"Autumn-flowering elms"''': autumn flowering.
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**''[[Cedar Elm|Ulmus crassifolia]]'' - Cedar Elm
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**''[[Chinese Elm|Ulmus parvifolia]]'' - Chinese Elm, Lacebark Elm
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***[[Ulmus parvifolia var. coreana|''Ulmus parvifolia'' var. ''coreana'']] - Korean Lacebark Elm
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***[[Ulmus parvifolia f. lanceolata|''Ulmus parvifolia'' f. ''lanceolata'']]
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**''[[September Elm|Ulmus serotina]]'' - September Elm
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==Species==
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Unsorted
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<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
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*''[[Ulmus x hollandica]]''
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*''[[Ulmus 'Coolshade']]''
    
==Gallery==
 
==Gallery==
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{{stub}}
 
{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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