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Sambucus canadensis (view source)

Revision as of 23:36, 10 May 2010

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{{SPlantbox
 
{{SPlantbox
 
|familia=Caprifoliaceae
 
|familia=Caprifoliaceae
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|genus=Sambucus  
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|genus=Sambucus
 
|species=canadensis
 
|species=canadensis
 
|common_name=American elder, American elderberry, Sweet elder
 
|common_name=American elder, American elderberry, Sweet elder
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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 
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|image_caption=Foliage and fruit
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'''''Sambucus canadensis''''' ('''American Elderberry''') is a species of [[elderberry]] native to a large area of [[North America]] east of the [[Rocky Mountains]], and south through eastern [[Mexico]] and [[Central America]] to [[Panama]]. It grows in a variety of conditions including both wet and dry soils, primarily in sunny locations.
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==Growth==
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It is a [[deciduous]] suckering [[shrub]] growing to 3 m or more tall. The [[leaf|leaves]] are arranged in opposite pairs, pinnate with five to nine leaflets, the leaflets around 10&nbsp;cm long and 5&nbsp;cm broad. In summer, it bears large (20-30&nbsp;cm diameter) [[corymb]]s of white [[flower]]s above the foliage, the individual flowers 5-6&nbsp;mm diameter, with five petals.
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The [[fruit]] is a dark purple to black [[berry]] 3-5&nbsp;mm diameter, produced in drooping clusters in the fall. The berries and flowers are edible, but other parts of the plant are poisonous, containing toxic [[calcium oxalate]] crystals.
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Sambucus canadensis, Linn. American or Sweet Elder. Shrub, to 12 ft., stoloniferous: branches pale yellowish gray, slightly lenticellate: lvs. bright green; lfts. usually 7, short-stalked, elliptic to lanceolate, acute or acuminate, sharply serrate, sometimes pubescent on the veins beneath, 2-5 in. long: cymes 5-rayed, to 10 in. across: fr. purplish black, usually 4-celled. June, July; fr. in Sept. Nova Scotia and Man. to Fla. and Texas. —The handsomest and most effective of the elders in bloom, also attractive when weighed down with its large clusters of purplish black berries.
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Sambucus canadensis, Linn. American or Sweet Elder. Fig. 3543. Shrub, to 12 ft., stoloniferous: branches pale yellowish gray, slightly lenticellate: lvs. bright green; lfts. usually 7, short-stalked, elliptic to lanceolate, acute or acuminate, sharply serrate, sometimes pubescent on the veins beneath, 2-5 in. long: cymes 5-rayed, to 10 in. across: fr. purplish black, usually 4-celled. June, July; fr. in Sept. Nova Scotia and Man. to Fla. and Texas. B.B. (ed. 2) 3:268. G. 27:541. M.D.G. 1899:169. Var. submollis, Rehd. Lvs. grayish green and soft-pubescent beneath. Ill. to Ark. and Texas. Var. maxima, Hesse. Lvs. larger: cymes to 18 in. across. Very vigorous grower. G.W. 11, p. 397. G.M. 51:451. Var. acutiloba, Ellwanger & Barry (var. laciniata, Cowell). Lvs. much dissected, the lower lfts. pinnatifid, the upper ones incisely serrate and narrowly lanceolate. A very handsome and distinct form. F.S.R. 1. p. 151. Var. aurea, Cowell (var. delicatissima, Schwerin). Lvs. golden yellow: berries cherry-red. F.E. 22:433. Var. chlorocarpa, Rehd. Fr. greenish: lvs. pale yellowish green.—The handsomest and most effective of the elders in bloom, also attractive when weighed down with its large clusters of purplish black berries.
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Var. submollis, Rehd. Lvs. grayish green and soft-pubescent beneath. Ill. to Ark. and Texas.  
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Var. maxima, Hesse. Lvs. larger: cymes to 18 in. across. Very vigorous grower.  
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Var. acutiloba, Ellwanger & Barry (var. laciniata, Cowell). Lvs. much dissected, the lower lfts. pinnatifid, the upper ones incisely serrate and narrowly lanceolate. A very handsome and distinct form.  
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Var. aurea, Cowell (var. delicatissima, Schwerin). Lvs. golden yellow: berries cherry-red.  
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Var. chlorocarpa, Rehd. Fr. greenish: lvs. pale yellowish green.
 
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==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
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===Propagation===
 
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===Pests and diseases===
 
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==Species==
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==Varieties==
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==Gallery==
 
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Image:Sambucus canadensis W IMG_3144.jpg|Flowers in [[Herbal Garden]]
 
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==References==
 
==References==
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<references/>
 
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
 
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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