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|lifespan=perennial
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|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|features=flowers
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|image=Sarcochilus fitzgeraldii.jpg
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|image_caption=Sarcochilus fitzgeraldii
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[[File:LR069 72dpi Sarcochilus borealis.jpg|thumb|220px|''Sarcochilus borealis'' by [[Lewis Roberts (naturalist)|Lewis Roberts]].]]
[[File:LR070 72dpi Sarcochilus hirticalcar.jpg|thumb|220px|''Sarcochilus hirticalcar'' by [[Lewis Roberts (naturalist)|Lewis Roberts]].]]
The genus '''''Sarcochilus''''', abbreviated as '''Sarco''' in horticultural trade, is a member of the [[Orchid]] family ([[Orchidaceae]]), consisting of 25 species [[Endemism|endemic]] to [[Northern Australia]], [[Eastern Australia]], [[Tasmania]] and New Caledonia.
The name Sarcochilus is derived from the Greek words sarx ( = flesh) and cheilos ( = lip), referring to the fleshy labellum of these orchids.
The genus Sarcochilus is shown to be non-monophyletic <ref name="Sarcochilus">{{cite journal | author=Topik Hidayat, Tomohisa Yukawa and Motomi Ito| title=Molecular phylogenetics of subtribe Aeridinae (Orchidaceae): insights from plastid matK and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences| journal=Journal of Plant Research| month=August | year=2005| volume=118| issue=4| pages=271–284| doi=10.1007/s10265-005-0217-3}}</ref>
These are [[epiphytic]] or [[lithophytic]] orchids with leaves originating from a [[pseudobulb]]. The axillary, racemose [[inflorescence]] is pendant to arching with a few to many, successive opening flowers with free [[petal]]s and [[sepal]]s. The colour of the flowers is variable and goes from pure white (''S. falcatus'') to white and red (''S. fitzgeraldii)''. The trilobed, fleshy [[labellum]] is [[saccate]] ( = pouch-like) and articulate to the apex of the [[column (botany)|column]] foot. The large side lobes are erect and curved. The small midlobe is attached to a short [[Spur (biology)|spur]]. Some of these species can form [[keiki]]s, forming large clumps with age.
Many species have become endangered or vulnerable, due to illegal collecting.
==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
==Varieties==
== Species ==
*''[[Sarcochilus aequalis]]'' <small> D.L.Jones et M.A.Clem., 1991 </small>
*''[[Sarcochilus australis]]'' <small> (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Walp., 1861 </small> Butterfly Orchid
*''[[Sarcochilus borealis]]'' <small> (Nicholls) M.A.Clem.et D.L.Jones, 1989 </small>
*''[[Sarcochilus ceciliae]]'' <small> F.Muell., 1865 </small> Fairy Bells (mostly a lithophyte)
*''[[Sarcochilus chrysanthus]]'' <small>Schltr., 1913 </small>
*''[[Sarcochilus dilatatus]]'' <small>F.Muell., 1859 </small> Brown Butterfly Orchid (epiphyte)
*''[[Sarcochilus falcatus]]'' <small> R.Br., 1810 </small> Orange Blossom Orchid (epiphyte)
*''[[Sarcochilus fitzgeraldii]]'' <small>F.Muell., 1870 </small> Ravine Orchid (mainly lithophytic)
*''[[Sarcochilus gildasii]]'' <small> N.Hallé, 1986</small>
*''[[Sarcochilus hartmannii]]'' <small>F.Muell., 1874 </small> Hartmann's Orchid (almost completely lithophytic)
*''[[Sarcochilus hillii]]'' <small> (F.Muell.) F.Muell, 1860 </small>
**''Sarcochilus hillii'' var. ''hillii''.
**''Sarcochilus hillii'' var. ''thycolus'' <small> N.Hallé, 1986 </small>
*''[[Sarcochilus hirticalcar]]'' <small> (Dockrill) M.A.Clem. et B.J.Wallace, 1989 </small>
*''[[Sarcochilus iboensis]]'' <small> Schltr., 1913</small>
*''[[Sarcochilus koghiensis]]'' <small> Schltr., 1911</small>
*''[[Sarcochilus odoratus]]'' <small> Schltr., 1913</small>
*''[[Sarcochilus olivaceous]]'' <small> Lindl., 1839</small>
*''[[Sarcochilus parviflorus]]'' <small>Lindl. in Edwards’s, 1838 </small>
*''[[Sarcochilus ramuanus]]''<small> (Kraenzl.) Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach, 1905</small>
*''[[Sarcochilus rarus]]''<small> Schltr., 1906</small>
*''[[Sarcochilus roseus]]''<small> (Clemesha) Clemesha, 1969</small> (true lithophyte)
*''[[Sarcochilus serrulatus]]'' <small> D.L.Jones, 1972</small>
*''[[Sarcochilus spathulatus]]'' <small> R.S.Rogers, 1927</small>
*''[[Sarcochilus tricalliatus]]'' <small> (Rupp) Rupp, 1951</small>
*''[[Sarcochilus uniflorus]]'' <small> Schltr., 1913 </small>
*''[[Sarcochilus weinthalii]]'' <small>F.M.Bailey, 1903</small> Blotched Sarcophilus (epiphyte)
=== Hybrids ===
The species ''S. falcatus'', ''S. fitzgeraldii'' and ''S. hartmannii'' have been hybridized, often with ''S. australis'', producing rounder, cherry-red flowers. A few examples are :
S.. Fitzhart (hartmannii x fitzgeraldii), S. Tin Yin Lara (Melody x fitzgeraldii), S. Southern Cross (hartmannii x australis) and S.. Otways Sunset (Fitzhart x australis).
=== Intrageneric hybrids include ===
*x ''Aeridochilus'' (''Aerides'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Gastrosarcochilus '' (''Gastrochilus'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Luichilus'' (''Luisia'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Malcolmcampbellara'' (''Drymoanthus'' x ''Plectorrhiza'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Parachilus '' (''Parasarcochilus'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Plectochilus'' (''Plectorrhiza'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Pomatochilus'' (''Pomatocalpa'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Porterara '' (''Rhynchostylis'' x ''Sarcochilus'' x ''Vanda'')
*x ''Rhinochilus'' (''Rhinerrhiza'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Sarcocentrum '' (''Ascocentrum '' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Sarcomoanthus'' (''Sarcochilus'' x ''Drymoanthus'')
*x ''Sarconopsis'' (''Phalaenopsis'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Sarcorhiza '' (''Rhinerrhiza '' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Sarcothera'' (''Renanthera'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Sarcovanda'' (''Sarchilus'' x ''Vanda'')
*x ''Sartylis'' (''Rhynchostylis'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Sladeara'' (''Doritis'' x ''Phalaenopsis'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
*x ''Uptonara'' (''Phalaenopsis'' x ''Rhynchostylis'' x ''Sarcochilus'')
==Gallery==
==Gallery==
