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Sesamum indicum (view source)

Revision as of 15:56, 28 May 2010

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{{SPlantbox
 
{{SPlantbox
 
|familia=Pedaliaceae
 
|familia=Pedaliaceae
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|genus=Sesamum  
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|genus=Sesamum
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|species=indicum  
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|species=indicum
 
|common_name=Benne, Gingelly, Sesame
 
|common_name=Benne, Gingelly, Sesame
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 
|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|water=moist
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|water_ref=Plants for a Future
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|features=edible
 
|flowers=red, pink, white
 
|flowers=red, pink, white
 
|Temp Metric=°F
 
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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 
|max_zone=12
 
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|image=Sesamum indicum 1.jpg
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|image_caption=Sesame plants
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'''Sesame''' (''Sesamum indicum'') ({{pronEng|ˈsɛsəmi}}) is a [[flowering plant]] in the genus ''[[Sesamum]]''. Numerous wild relatives occur in [[Africa]] and a smaller number in [[India]]. It is widely [[naturalization (biology)|naturalized]] in tropical regions around the world and is cultivated for its edible seeds, which grow in pods.
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The flowers of the sesame seed plant are yellow, though they can vary in colour with some being blue or purple.
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It is an [[annual plant]] growing to {{convert|50|to|100|cm|ft|abbr=on}} tall, with opposite [[leaf|leaves]] {{convert|4|to|14|cm|in|abbr=on}} long with an entire margin; they are broad [[lanceolate]], to {{convert|5|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} broad, at the base of the plant, narrowing to just {{convert|1|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} broad on the flowering stem. The [[flower]]s are white to purple, tubular, {{convert|3|to|5|cm|in|abbr=on}} long, with a four-lobed mouth.
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Sesamum indicum, Linn. (S. orientale, Linn.). Plant 1-2 ft. high: lvs. variable, 3-5 in. long, oblong or lanceolate, the lower often 3-lobed or parted: corolla pale rose or white, 1 in. long, tubular, 5-cleft, the 2 lobes of the upper lip shorter. July. Tropics. B.M. 1688.—White- and black-seeded varieties have been known for at least two centuries. Runs wild in the extremes.
 
Sesamum indicum, Linn. (S. orientale, Linn.). Plant 1-2 ft. high: lvs. variable, 3-5 in. long, oblong or lanceolate, the lower often 3-lobed or parted: corolla pale rose or white, 1 in. long, tubular, 5-cleft, the 2 lobes of the upper lip shorter. July. Tropics. B.M. 1688.—White- and black-seeded varieties have been known for at least two centuries. Runs wild in the extremes.
 
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==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
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It is hardy to zone 10 and is frost tender. It is in flower in July. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs)
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The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and requires well-drained soil. The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It cannot grow in the shade. It requires moist soil.
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Requires a well-drained porous soil and a warm sunny sheltered position[1, 238]. Sesame has been cultivated for its edible seed for over 5,000 years and is still widely grown in tropical and warm temperate zones[238]. There are many named varieties[183]. The British climate is probably too cool in the summer to successfully grow this crop, though some people have reported success[206]. An early sowing in the greenhouse and some protection when first planting it out will help. Sesame grows well with sweet corn but it grows badly with sorghum[201].
    
===Propagation===
 
===Propagation===
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Seed - sow early spring in a greenhouse. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle and plant them out after the last expected frosts. Give them the protection of a cloche until they are growing away well[K]. In warm temperate zones, where frosts are very rare and light, or non-existent, the seed can be sown in situ in the spring or the autumn[238].
    
===Pests and diseases===
 
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==Species==
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==Varieties==
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*'90 Day' - A fast-maturing cultivar, it will probably have a better chance of maturing a crop in Britain than the species[K]. It has been developed at the University of California[183].
    
==Gallery==
 
==Gallery==
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<gallery perrow=5>
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File:Sa white sesame seeds.jpg| Magnified image of white sesame seeds
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
   
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
 
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
 
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==References==
 
==References==
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<references/>
 
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
 
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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