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Sideritis (view source)

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'''''Sideritis''''' (also known as '''ironwort''', '''mountain tea''' and '''shepherd's tea''') is a genus of [[Angiosperma|flowering plants]] well known to man for their medicinal properties.
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The genus is composed of short (8-50 cm), [[Xerophyte|xerophytic]] [[subshrub]]s or [[Herbaceous plant|herb]]s, annual or perennial, that grow at high altitudes (usually over 1000 m) with little or no soil, often on the surface of rocks.<ref name="about" /><ref name="zip" /><ref>http://www.mylona.gr/tea_information_greece.htm</ref><ref>http://www.maltawildplants.com/LABT/Sideritis_romana.php</ref>
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It is [[Trichome|pubescent]], either villous or coated by a fine, woolly layer of microscopic intertwined hairs.
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Sideritis [[inflorescence]] is verticillaster.<ref name="zip" /><ref name="iama" />
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Sideritis (Greek, iron; the plants were supposed to have a healing power for wounds caused by iron. Dioscorides also used the name for other plants credited with the same ability). Labiatae. Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs frequently lanate or softly pilose, mostly hardy or half-hardy but some of them coolhouse plants: lvs. entire or toothed, the floral ones reduced to bracts or similar to the lower cauline: fls. in axillary clusters of 6 to many fls. or in interrupted or dense spikes, small, often yellowish; calyx tubular, 5-10-nerved, with 5 erect somewhat spiny teeth, or rarely muticous; corolla-tube included, bare or with a pilose ring inside, the limb 2-lipped, the posterior somewhat flat, entire, emarginate or 2-cleft, the anterior spreading, 3-cleft; stamens 4, didynamous: nutlets ovoid, smooth, obtuse, not truncate at the top.—About 60 species, Medit. region, Canary Isls., and the Orient. Probably the commonest is S. scordioides, Linn., a hardy subshrub, about 1 ft. high, with ovate, oblong, or oblong-linear, incised-toothed lvs., spikes which are 1-3 in. long of yellowish fls. with the upper lip of the corolla paler or white. S. Eu. Variable.
 
Sideritis (Greek, iron; the plants were supposed to have a healing power for wounds caused by iron. Dioscorides also used the name for other plants credited with the same ability). Labiatae. Herbs, subshrubs, or shrubs frequently lanate or softly pilose, mostly hardy or half-hardy but some of them coolhouse plants: lvs. entire or toothed, the floral ones reduced to bracts or similar to the lower cauline: fls. in axillary clusters of 6 to many fls. or in interrupted or dense spikes, small, often yellowish; calyx tubular, 5-10-nerved, with 5 erect somewhat spiny teeth, or rarely muticous; corolla-tube included, bare or with a pilose ring inside, the limb 2-lipped, the posterior somewhat flat, entire, emarginate or 2-cleft, the anterior spreading, 3-cleft; stamens 4, didynamous: nutlets ovoid, smooth, obtuse, not truncate at the top.—About 60 species, Medit. region, Canary Isls., and the Orient. Probably the commonest is S. scordioides, Linn., a hardy subshrub, about 1 ft. high, with ovate, oblong, or oblong-linear, incised-toothed lvs., spikes which are 1-3 in. long of yellowish fls. with the upper lip of the corolla paler or white. S. Eu. Variable.
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==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
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''S. raeseri'' is the most common cultivar of Sideritis in Greece and advanced hybrids also exist.<ref name="about" /> Planting is recommended during two periods (October-November or February-March in the Northern hemisphere) and gathering in July, when in full bloom. The plant is typically dried before usage.<ref>http://www.iama.gr/ethno/sideritis/tsai_tou_vounou_files/Tsai_tou_vounou_Gkoliaris_Apostolos.pdf</ref>
    
===Propagation===
 
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==Species==
 
==Species==
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*''S. scardica''
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*''S. purpurea'' Talb. - found in western Greece, the Ionian islands and Crete
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*''S. remota'' Urv.
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*''S. scardica'' Gris. - also known as [[Mount Olympus|Olympus]] tea
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*''S. theezans'' Boiss & Heldr - found in [[Peloponnese]]
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*''S. roiseri'' Boiss & Heldr
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*''S. euboea'' Heldr - found in the island of [[Euboea]]
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*''S. syriaca'' L., ''S. cretica'' Boiss, ''S. boissieri'' Magn.
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Listed in Flora book:
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*[[Sideritis macrostachys]]
    
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==References==
 
==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
 
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
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