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Sorbus (view source)

Revision as of 02:30, 3 June 2010

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{{SPlantbox
 
{{SPlantbox
 
|familia=Rosaceae
 
|familia=Rosaceae
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|genus=Sorbus  
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|genus=Sorbus
 
|common_name=Mountain ash
 
|common_name=Mountain ash
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Temp Metric=°F
 
|Temp Metric=°F
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
 
|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
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|image=Upload.png
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|image=Sorbus aucuparia aka rowan.jpg
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|image_width=240
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|image_width=180
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|image_caption=European Rowan (''Sorbus acuparia'') with fruit
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Sorbus''
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| common_names = Sorbus
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Sorbus aucuparia aka rowan.jpg
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| image_width = 180px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = European Rowan (''Sorbus acuparia'') with fruit
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = Rosales
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| familia = Rosaceae
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| subfamilia = Maloideae
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| genus = Sorbus
   
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'''''Sorbus''''' is a [[genus]] of about 100–200 species of [[tree]]s and [[shrub]]s in the [[subfamily]] [[Maloideae]] of the Rose [[family (biology)|family]] [[Rosaceae]].  Species of ''Sorbus'' (s.l.) are commonly known as [[whitebeam]], [[rowan]], [[service tree]], and [[Sorbus aucuparia|mountain ash]].  The exact number of species is disputed depending on the circumscription of the genus, and also due to the number of [[Apomixis|apomictic]] [[Apomixis|microspecies]], which some treat as distinct species but others group in a smaller number of variable species.  Recent treatments <ref name=Robertson>Robertson, K. R., J. B. Phipps, J. R. Rohrer, and P. G. Smith. 1991. A Synopsis of Genera in Maloideae (Rosaceae). ''Systematic Botany'' '''16''': 376–394.</ref><ref name=McAllister>McAllister, H. 2005. The Genus ''Sorbus'': Mountain Ash and Other Rowans. Richmond, Surrey, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.</ref><ref name=Potter/><ref name=Campbell>Campbell C. S., R. C. Evans, D. R. Morgan, T. A. Dickinson, and M. P. Arsenault. 2007. Phylogeny of subtribe Pyrinae (formerly the Maloideae, Rosaceae):
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Limited resolution of a complex evolutionary history. ''Pl. Syst. Evol.'' '''266''': 119–145.</ref> treat ''Sorbus'' in a narrower sense to include only the [[ pinnate]] leaved species of [[subgenus]] ''Sorbus'', raising several of the other subgenera to generic rank. 
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''Sorbus'' is unrelated to the true ash trees which belong to the genus ''[[Fraxinus]]'', although the leaves are superficially similar.
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{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Sorbus (ancient Latin name of S. domestica). Including Aria, Cormus, Micromeles, and Torminaria. Rosaceae. Ornamental woody plants grown for their handsome foliage, attractive white flowers and ornamental usually red fruit.
 
Sorbus (ancient Latin name of S. domestica). Including Aria, Cormus, Micromeles, and Torminaria. Rosaceae. Ornamental woody plants grown for their handsome foliage, attractive white flowers and ornamental usually red fruit.
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==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
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===Propagation===
 
===Propagation===
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===Pests and diseases===
 
===Pests and diseases===
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==Species==
 
==Species==
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As treated in its broad sense, the genus is divided into two main and three or four small subgenera (with more recent generic assignments in parentheses){{wp}}:  
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As treated in its broad sense, the genus is divided into two main and three or four small subgenera (with more recent generic assignments in parentheses):  
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*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Sorbus''''' (genus ''Sorbus'' s.s.), commonly known as the '''[[rowan]]''' (primarily in the UK) or '''mountain ash''' (in both North America and the UK), with compound leaves usually hairless or thinly hairy below; fruit carpels not fused; type species ''[[Sorbus aucuparia]]'' (European rowan). Distribution: cool-temperate [[Northern Hemisphere]]. (Genus ''Sorbus'' s.s.)
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*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Sorbus''''' (genus ''Sorbus'' s.s.), commonly known as the '''[[rowan]]s''' (primarily in the UK) or '''mountain ashes''' ( in both North America and the UK), with compound leaves usually hairless or thinly hairy below; fruit carpels not fused; type species ''Sorbus aucuparia'' (European Rowan). Distribution: cool-temperate [[Northern Hemisphere]]. (Genus ''Sorbus'' s.s.){{wp}}
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*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Aria''''' (genus ''Aria''), the '''[[whitebeam]]''', with simple leaves usually strongly white-hairy below (hence the name, from German ''Weissbaum'', 'white tree'); fruit carpels not fused; type species ''[[Sorbus aria]]'' (common whitebeam). Distribution: temperate [[Europe]] & [[Asia]].
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*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Aria''''' (genus ''Aria''), the '''[[whitebeam]]s''', with simple leaves usually strongly white-hairy below (hence the name, from German ''Weissbaum'', 'white tree'); fruit carpels not fused; type species ''Sorbus aria'' (Common Whitebeam). Distribution: temperate [[Europe]] & [[Asia]]{{wp}}.
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:*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Micromeles''''' (genus ''Aria''), an indistinct group of a few east Asian species (e.g. ''[[Sorbus alnifolia]]'', Korean whitebeam) with narrow leaves; doubtfully distinct from and often included in subgenus ''Aria''. Distribution: temperate northeast [[Asia]].
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:*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Micromeles''''' (genus ''Aria''), an indistinct group of a few east Asian species (e.g. ''Sorbus alnifolia'', Korean Whitebeam) with narrow leaves; doubtfully distinct from and often included in subgenus ''Aria''{{wp}}. Distribution: temperate northeast [[Asia]]{{wp}}.
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*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Cormus''''' (genus ''Cormus''), with compound leaves similar to subgenus ''Sorbus'', but with distinct fused carpels in the fruit; just one species, ''[[Sorbus domestica]]'' (True Service Tree). Distribution: [[North Africa]], warm-temperate [[Europe]], [[West Asia]].
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*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Cormus''''' (genus ''Cormus''), with compound leaves similar to subgenus ''Sorbus'', but with distinct fused carpels in the fruit; just one species, ''Sorbus domestica'' ([[Service Tree]]){{wp}}. Distribution: [[North Africa]], warm-temperate [[Europe]], [[West Asia]]{{wp}}.
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*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Torminaria''''' (genus ''Torminalis''), with rather maple-like lobed leaves with ''pointed'' lobes; fruit carpels not fused; just one species, ''[[Sorbus torminalis]]'' (Wild Service Tree). Distribution: temperate [[Europe]], south to the mountains of [[North Africa]] and east to the [[Caucasus]] ranges.
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*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Torminaria''''' (genus ''Torminaria''), with rather maple-like lobed leaves with ''pointed'' lobes; fruit carpels not fused; just one species, ''Sorbus torminalis'' ([[Wild Service Tree]]){{wp}}. Distribution: temperate [[Europe]]{{wp}}.
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*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Chamaemespilus''''' (genus ''Chamaemespilus''), a single shrubby species ''[[Sorbus chamaemespilus]]'' (false medlar) with simple, glabrous leaves and pink flowers with erect sepals and petals. Distribution: mountains of southern [[Europe]].
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*'''''Sorbus'' subgenus ''Chamaemespilus''''' (genus ''Chamaemespilus''), a single shrubby species ''Sorbus chamaemespilus'' ([[False Medlar]]) with simple, glabrous leaves and pink flowers with erect sepals and petals{{wp}}. Distribution: mountains of southern [[Europe]]{{wp}}.
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*'''Hybrids''' are common in the genus, including many between the subgenera; very often these hybrids are [[Apomixis|apomictic]] (self-fertile without pollination), so able to reproduce clonally from seed without any variation. This has led to a very large number of [[Apomixis|microspecies]], particularly in western Europe (including Britain) and parts of China.
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*'''Hybrids''' are common in the genus, including many between the subgenera; very often these hybrids are [[Apomixis|apomictic]] (self-fertile without pollination), so able to reproduce clonally from seed without any variation{{wp}}. This has led to a very large number of [[Apomixis|microspecies]], particularly in western Europe (including Britain) and parts of China{{wp}}.
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Others:
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*''[[Sorbus americana]]''
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*''[[Sorbus × arnoldiana]]''
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*''[[Sorbus cashmiriana]]''
    
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
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==Gallery==
 
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==References==
 
==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<references/>
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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