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Acacia aneura (view source)

Revision as of 00:43, 2 July 2010

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{{SPlantbox
 
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|familia=Fabaceae
 
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|genus=Acacia  
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|genus=Acacia
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|species=aneura  
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|species=aneura
 
|common_name=Mulga
 
|common_name=Mulga
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|image=Acacia aneura blossom.jpg
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'''''Acacia aneura''''', commonly known as '''[[Mulga]]''' or '''True Mulga''', is a shrub or small tree native to arid [[outback]] [[Australia]] of areas such as the [[Western Australian Mulga shrublands]].
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Mulga is highly variable, in form, in height, and in shape of phyllodes and seed pods. It can form dense [[forest]] up to 15 metres high, or small, almost heath-like low shrubs spread well apart. Most commonly, it is a tall shrub. Because it is so variable, the [[taxonomy]] of the Mulga has been studied extensively, and although it is likely to be split into several species eventually, there is as yet no consensus on how or even if this should be done.  Although generally small in size, Mulga is long-lived, a typical [[life expectancy|life span]] for a tree undisturbed by fire is in the order of 200 to 300 years.
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Mulga has developed extensive adaptations to the Australian [[desert]]. Like many ''[[Acacia]]'' species, Mulga has thick-skinned [[phyllode]]s. These are optimised for low water loss, with a high oil content, sunken [[stomata]], and a profusion of tiny hairs to reduce [[transpiration]]. During dry periods, a Mulga drops much of its foliage to the ground, which provides an extra layer of [[mulch]] and from where the nutrients can be recycled.
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Like most Australian '''Acacia''' species, mulga is thornless.<ref>[http://www.aridzonetrees.com/AZT%20Interactive%20Buttons/Tree%20Index/Cut%20sheets/Acacia/Acacia%20aneura.htm Arid Zone Trees]</ref>  The needle-like phyllodes stand erect to avoid as much of the midday sun as possible and capture the cooler morning and evening light. Any rain that falls is channeled down the phyllodes and branches to be collected in the [[soil]] immediately next to the trunk, providing the tree with a more than threefold increase in effective rainfall. Mulga roots penetrate far into the soil to find deep moisture. The roots also harbour [[bacteria]] that [[nitrogen fixation|fix]] atmospheric [[nitrogen]] and thus help deal with the very old, nutrient poor soils the species grows in.
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Acacia aneura, F. v. M. Mulga. A shrub with terete branches lined with gum along the longitudinal fissures: phyll. rigid, with oblique point, varying from lanceolate-falcate to long-linear or almost terete on the same plant, 1-3 in. long, 1/24in. wide; no prominent nerves, but distinctly striate under a lens: fls. in spikes (which may be single or in pairs), 1/2-3/4in. long, 5-merous; calyx narrow spatulate, not half so long as petals; peduncles less than 1/4in. long: pods flat, oblique, with a narrow wing at suture and recurved point at apex, 1-1 1/2 in. long, nearly 1/2in. wide; seeds nearly transverse, marked by a minute horseshoe; funicle not encircling seed but with 2 or 3 short thick folds
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Acacia aneura, F. v. M. Mulga. A shrub with terete branches lined with gum along the longitudinal fissures: phyll. rigid, with oblique point, varying from lanceolate-falcate to long-linear or almost terete on the same plant, 1-3 in. long, 1/24in. wide; no prominent nerves, but distinctly striate under a lens: fls. in spikes (which may be single or in pairs), 1/2-3/4in. long, 5-merous; calyx narrow spatulate, not half so long as petals; peduncles less than 1/4in. long: pods flat, oblique, with a narrow wing at suture and recurved point at apex, 1-1 1/2 in. long, nearly 1/2in. wide; seeds nearly transverse, marked by a minute horseshoe; funicle not encircling seed but with 2 or 3 short thick folds. F.v.M. Icon. 10:8.
   
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==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
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===Propagation===
 
===Propagation===
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===Pests and diseases===
 
===Pests and diseases===
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==Species==
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<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
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==Varieties==
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There are a number of recognised varieties:
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* [[Acacia aneura var. aneura|''A.&nbsp;a.''&nbsp;var.&nbsp;''aneura'']]
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* [[Acacia aneura var. argentea|''A.&nbsp;a.''&nbsp;var.&nbsp;''argentea'']]
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* [[Acacia aneura var. fuliginea|''A.&nbsp;a.''&nbsp;var.&nbsp;''fuliginea'']]
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* [[Acacia aneura var. intermedia|''A.&nbsp;a.''&nbsp;var.&nbsp;''intermedia'']]
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* [[Acacia aneura var. macrocarpa|''A.&nbsp;a.''&nbsp;var.&nbsp;''macrocarpa'']]
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* [[Acacia aneura var. major|''A.&nbsp;a.''&nbsp;var.&nbsp;''major'']]
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* [[Acacia aneura var. microcarpa|''A.&nbsp;a.''&nbsp;var.&nbsp;''microcarpa'']]
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* [[Acacia aneura var. pilbarana|''A.&nbsp;a.''&nbsp;var.&nbsp;''pilbarana'']]
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* [[Acacia aneura var. tenuis|''A.&nbsp;a.''&nbsp;var.&nbsp;''tenuis'']]
    
==Gallery==
 
==Gallery==
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File:Mulga.jpg‎|Mulga woodland. The tallest trees in this photograph are approximately 7 [[meter|m]].
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
 
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
 
Image:Upload.png| photo 2
 
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==References==
 
==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<references/>
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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