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|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381

|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381

|habit=tree

|habit=tree

|Max ht box=60

|Max ht box=60

|Max ht metric=ft

|Max ht metric=ft

'''''Juglans cinerea''''', commonly known as '''Butternut''' or '''White Walnut''',<ref>Snow, Charles Henry. [http://books.google.com/books?id=ZVMDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA56 ''The Principal Species of Wood: Their Characteristic Properties''].  2nd ed.  New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1908. Page 56.</ref> is a species of [[walnut]] native to the eastern [[United States of America|United States]] and southeast [[Canada]], from southern [[Quebec]] west to [[Minnesota]], south to northern [[Alabama]] and southwest to northern [[Arkansas]].<ref>Sargent, Charles Sprague.  [http://books.google.com/books?id=GJhOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA76 ''The Woods of the United States''].  New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1885.  Page 238. <br/>Snow, cited above, says "New Brunswick to Georgia, westward to Dakota and Arkansas.  Best in Ohio River Basin".</ref> It is absent from most of the [[Southern United States]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://esp.cr.usgs.gov/data/atlas/little/juglcine.pdf | title = "Juglans cinerea Range Map" | accessdate = 2008-03-06 | publisher = [[United States Geological Survey]]}}</ref>  

'''''Juglans cinerea''''', commonly known as '''Butternut''' or '''White Walnut''',<ref>Snow, Charles Henry. [http://books.google.com/books?id=ZVMDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA56 ''The Principal Species of Wood: Their Characteristic Properties''].  2nd ed.  New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1908. Page 56.</ref> is a species of [[walnut]] native to the eastern [[United States of America|United States]] and southeast [[Canada]], from southern [[Quebec]] west to [[Minnesota]], south to northern [[Alabama]] and southwest to northern [[Arkansas]].<ref>Sargent, Charles Sprague.  [http://books.google.com/books?id=GJhOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA76 ''The Woods of the United States''].  New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1885.  Page 238. <br/>Snow, cited above, says "New Brunswick to Georgia, westward to Dakota and Arkansas.  Best in Ohio River Basin".</ref> It is absent from most of the [[Southern United States]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://esp.cr.usgs.gov/data/atlas/little/juglcine.pdf | title = "Juglans cinerea Range Map" | accessdate = 2008-03-06 | publisher = [[United States Geological Survey]]}}</ref>  

It is a [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 20 m tall, rarely 30 m, and 40–80&nbsp;cm stem diameter, with light gray [[bark]]. The [[leaf|leaves]] are [[pinnate]], 40–70&nbsp;cm long, with 11-17 leaflets, each leaflet 5–10&nbsp;cm long and 3–5&nbsp;cm broad. The whole leaf is downy-pubescent, and a somewhat brighter, yellower green than many other tree leaves. The [[flower]]s are inconspicuous yellow-green [[catkin]]s produced in spring at the same time as the new leaves appear. The [[fruit]] is a [[nut (fruit)|nut]], produced in bunches of 2-6 together; the nut is oblong-ovoid, 3–6&nbsp;cm long and 2–4&nbsp;cm broad, surrounded by a green husk before maturity in mid autumn. Butternut grows quickly, but is rather short-lived for a tree, rarely living longer than 75 years.

It is a [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 20 m tall, rarely 30 m, and 40–80 cm stem diameter, with light gray [[bark]]. The [[leaf|leaves]] are [[pinnate]], 40–70 cm long, with 11-17 leaflets, each leaflet 5–10 cm long and 3–5 cm broad. The whole leaf is downy-pubescent, and a somewhat brighter, yellower green than many other tree leaves. The [[flower]]s are inconspicuous yellow-green [[catkin]]s produced in spring at the same time as the new leaves appear. The [[fruit]] is a [[nut (fruit)|nut]], produced in bunches of 2-6 together; the nut is oblong-ovoid, 3–6 cm long and 2–4 cm broad, surrounded by a green husk before maturity in mid autumn. Butternut grows quickly, but is rather short-lived for a tree, rarely living longer than 75 years.

Key characteristics:

Key characteristics:

* Fruit normally grows in groups of 2-3 and is lemon-shaped

* Fruit normally grows in groups of 2-3 and is lemon-shaped

Butternut is found most frequently in coves, on stream benches and terraces, on slopes, in the talus of rock ledges, and on other sites with good drainage. It is found up to an elevation of 1500 m (4,900&nbsp;ft) in the Virginias- much higher altitudes than black walnut.

Butternut is found most frequently in coves, on stream benches and terraces, on slopes, in the talus of rock ledges, and on other sites with good drainage. It is found up to an elevation of 1500 m (4,900 ft) in the Virginias- much higher altitudes than black walnut.

Butternut flowers from April to June, depending upon location. The species is monoecious. Male flowers are slender catkins that develop from auxiliary buds and female flowers are short terminal spikes home on current year's shoots. Flowers of both sexes do not usually mature simultaneously on any individual tree.

Butternut flowers from April to June, depending upon location. The species is monoecious. Male flowers are slender catkins that develop from auxiliary buds and female flowers are short terminal spikes home on current year's shoots. Flowers of both sexes do not usually mature simultaneously on any individual tree.