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Gloriosa superba (view source)

Revision as of 19:49, 26 July 2010

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{{SPlantbox
 
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|familia=Colchicaceae
 
|genus=Gloriosa
 
|genus=Gloriosa
 
|species=superba
 
|species=superba
 
|common_name=Climbing lily, Creeping lily, Glory lily
 
|common_name=Climbing lily, Creeping lily, Glory lily
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
 
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
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|habit=shrub
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|habit=vine-climber
 
|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
 
|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
 
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|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
 
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
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|lifespan=perennial
 
|exposure=shade
 
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|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
 
|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
 
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia ISBN 0881925381
 
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|image=Gloriosa rothschildiana 01.jpg
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'''''Gloriosa''''' is a [[genus]] of five or six species in the [[plant]] family [[Colchicaceae]], from tropical [[Africa]] and [[Asia]]. They are tender, tuberous rooted [[deciduous]] [[Perennial plant|perennials]], adapted to summer rainfall with a dormant dry season. Their native range is Africa, Southeastern Asia and parts of Malaysia, but they are now widely cultivated<ref name=Smith/>. All parts of the plant contain [[colchicine]] and related alkaloids and are therefore dangerously toxic if ingested, especially the tubers; contact with the stems and leaves can cause skin irritation.
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''Gloriosa'' are perennial herbs that climb or scramble over other plants with the aid of [[tendril]]s at the ends of their [[Leaf|leaves]] and can reach 3 meters in height. They have showy [[flower]]s, distinctive because of their pronouncedly reflexed petals, like a Turk’s cap lily, ranging in colour from a greenish-yellow through yellow, orange, red and sometimes even a deep pinkish-red.
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"Scandent herbs, the rootstock a horizontal rhizome, the stem leafy, the leaves spirally arranged or subopposite, the upper ones with [[cirrhose]] tips; flowers solitary, large, borne on long, spreading [[Pedicel (botany)|pedicel]]s, [[actinomorphic]], [[hermaphrodite]]; [[perianth]] segments 6, free, [[lanceolate]], keeled within at base, long-persistent; stamens 6, [[hypogynous]], the anthers [[extrorse]], [[medifixed]] and versatile, opening by longitudinal slits; ovary superior, 3-celled, the carpels cohering only by their inner margins, the ovules numerous, the style deflected at base and projecting from the flower more or less horizontally; fruit a [[loculicidal]] capsule with many seeds"<ref name=Smith>(Smith, 1979; pp. 141-142)</ref>{{Citation needed|reason=more details of what publication this is are needed|date=March 2010}}.
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Gloriosa superba, Linn. Climbing Lily. St. 5-10 ft. high: lvs. ovate-lanceolate: segms. 2-3 in. long and less than an inch wide, opening yellow, but changing to yellow-red and deep scarlet. Afr., Asia.—A yellow-fld. form of unknown origin has been described as G. lutea, Hort; it is scarcely known outside of Kew. Var. grandiflora, Hort., is advertised as "color a yellow-red, changing to deep scarlet;" it is unknown in the wild state.
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Gloriosa superba, Linn. Climbing Lily. Fig. 1654. St. 5-10 ft. high: lvs. ovate-lanceolate: segms. 2-3 in. long and less than an inch wide, opening yellow, but changing to yellow-red and deep scarlet. Afr., Asia. B.R. 77. Gn. 38:576. B.H. 23:121. G.L. 18:277.—A yellow-fld. form of unknown origin has been described as G. lutea, Hort; it is scarcely known outside of Kew. Var. grandiflora, Hort., is advertised as "color a yellow-red, changing to deep scarlet;" it is unknown in the wild state.
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Gloriosa simplex, Linn. (G. virescens, Lindl. G. plantii, Loud.). Fls. opening yellow, and remaining so in shade, but becoming deep yellow-red when exposed to the sun; wider than in G. superba, barely undulate and wavy, and not prolonged or hooked at the end as in the latter species. Afr. B.M. 2539. G. 26:556. Var. grandiflora, Nichols. (Methonica grandiflora, Hook.), has fls. 8 in. across. B.M. 5216. G. 27:477.
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Gloriosa simplex, Linn. (G. virescens, Lindl. G. plantii, Loud.). Fls. opening yellow, and remaining so in shade, but becoming deep yellow-red when exposed to the sun; wider than in G. superba, barely undulate and wavy, and not prolonged or hooked at the end as in the latter species. Afr. Var. grandiflora, Nichols. (Methonica grandiflora, Hook.), has fls. 8 in. across.
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Gloriosa rothschildiana, O'Brien. St. climbing, simple at first, afterward branched: lvs. bright green, glabrous, oblong-acuminate, alternate or opposite: fls. solitary in the axils, or peduncles 3-4 in. long, abruptly curved near the ovary; perianth-Begins, oblong-lanceolate, recurved, over 3 ½  in. long, crimson,'with a dark purple mark near the base. Trop. Afr.— One of the best species. G.C. III. 33:323. G.M. 47:377. Gn. 65, p. 451. G.W. 9, p. 112; 13, p. 535. R.B. 34:339. F.S.R. 2:248. Var. citrina, Hort., has fls. citron-yellow and claret-purple. It is a splendid showy addition. G.C. 111.38:211.
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Gloriosa rothschildiana, O'Brien. St. climbing, simple at first, afterward branched: lvs. bright green, glabrous, oblong-acuminate, alternate or opposite: fls. solitary in the axils, or peduncles 3-4 in. long, abruptly curved near the ovary; perianth-Begins, oblong-lanceolate, recurved, over 3 ½  in. long, crimson,'with a dark purple mark near the base. Trop. Afr.— One of the best species. Var. citrina, Hort., has fls. citron-yellow and claret-purple. It is a splendid showy addition.
 
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==Cultivation==
 
==Cultivation==
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===Propagation===
 
===Propagation===
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"Propagation generally occurs from seeds, although mature plants can be divided and grown from tubers. The hard seeds can remain dormant for 6-9 months."<ref>(Narain, 1977, cited in Csurhes & Edwards, 1998; pp. 164-165)</ref>{{Citation needed|reason=more details of what publication this is are needed|date=March 2010}}.
    
===Pests and diseases===
 
===Pests and diseases===
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==Species==
 
==Species==
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<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
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*[[Gloriosa superba]]
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*[[Gloriosa rothschildiana]]
    
==Gallery==
 
==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery -->
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<gallery perrow=5>
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File:Gloriosa superba (BG Zurich)-01.JPG| photo 1
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<gallery>
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File:Flame Lily.jpg| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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File:Gloriosa superba (BG Zurich)-03.JPG| photo 3
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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File:Gloriosa superba (Glory Lily) in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 0224.jpg
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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File:Starr 080716-9321 Gloriosa superba.jpg
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
    
==References==
 
==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<references/>
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
 
<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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