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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox+| name = Aesculus pavia+
−| common_names = Red Buckeye+| growth_habit = bulky shrub/small tree+
−| high = 15 m+| wide = <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->+
−| poisonous = seeds toxic+| lifespan = perennial+| exposure = full sun+
−| water = <!--- frequent, regular, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->+| features = <!--- flowers, fragrance, naturalizes, invasive -->+
−| hardiness = <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5[[Celsius|°C]], etc -->+| bloom = <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->+
−| usda_zones = <!--- eg. 8-11 -->+| sunset_zones = 3-9, 14-24, 30-34+
−| color = IndianRed+| image = Upload.png <!--- Freesia.jpg -->+
−| image_width = 240px <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
−| image_caption = <!--- eg. Cultivated freesias -->
−| regnum = Plantae
−|unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
−|unranked_classis = Eudicots
−|unranked_ordo = Rosids
−|ordo = Sapindales
−|familia = Sapindaceae
−|genus = Aesculus
−|species = pavia
−}}
{{monthbox+
−| color = IndianRed
−| name = <!--- type name of plant just to the right of the equal sign on the left -->
−| jan =
−| feb =
−| mar =
−| apr =
−| may =
−| jun =
−| jul =
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−| notes =
−}}
−{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->+
{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->+
{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery -->+ +<gallery>+Image:Upload.png| photo 1+Image:Upload.png| photo 2
−Image:Upload.png| photo 3
[[Category:Categorize]]+
−<!-- in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions! -->
|Max wd metric=ft
|Max wd metric=ft
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
+|origin=E USA
+|poisonous=seeds toxic
|lifespan=perennial
|lifespan=perennial
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
|max_zone=10
|max_zone=10
−|image=Upload.png
+|sunset_zones=3-9, 14-24, 30-34
+|image=Red Buckeye Aesculus pavia Leaf Cluster 2800px.jpg
|image_width=240
|image_width=240
}}
}}
−'''''Aesculus pavia''''', known as '''Red Buckeye''' or '''Firecracker Plant''', is a species of [[deciduous]] [[flowering plant]]. The small tree or shrub is native to the southern and eastern parts of the [[United States]], found from [[Illinois]] to [[Virginia]] in the north and from [[Texas]] to [[Florida]] in the south.
−It has a number of local names, such as scarlet buckeye, woolly buckeye and firecracker plant.
−The Red Buckeye is a large [[shrub]] or small [[tree]]. It reaches a height of 5-8 m, often growing in a multi-stemmed form. Its leaves are opposite, and are usually composed of five elliptical serrated leaflets, each 10-15 cm long. It bears 10-17 cm long clusters of attractive dark red tubular flowers, each in April to May. The flowers are [[hermaphrodite]]. The smooth light brown fruits, about 3 cm in diameter, reach maturity in September and October.
−| origin = E USA
+There are two [[variety (biology)|varieties]]:
−*''Aesculus pavia'' var. ''pavia'': typical Red Buckeye.
−*''Aesculus pavia'' var. ''flavescens'': yellow-flowered Red Buckeye.
−The yellow-flowered variety, ''var. flavescens'', is found in higher country in Texas, and [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]] with intermediate flower color occur.
−The flowers are attractive to [[hummingbird]]s as well as [[bee]]s. The fruits are rich in [[saponin]]s, which are poisonous to humans, though not particularly dangerous because they are not easily ingested. The oils can be extracted to make [[soap]], though this is not commercially viable.
−Ornamental [[cultivar]]s such as the low-growing 'Humilis' have been selected for garden use.
−Red Buckeye has hybridized with Common Horse-chestnut (''[[Aesculus hippocastanum]]'') in cultivation, the hybrid being named ''[[Aesculus × carnea]]'', Red Horse-chestnut. The hybrid is a medium-size tree to 20-25 m tall, intermediate between the parent species in most respects, but inheriting the red flower color from ''A. pavia''. It is a popular tree in large [[garden]]s and [[park]]s, most commonly the selected [[cultivar]] 'Briotii'. Hybrids of Red Buckeye with [[Yellow Buckeye]] (''A. flava'') have also been found, and named ''Aesculus × hybrida''.
−{{Inc|
{{Inc|
−Aesculus pavia, Linn. (Pavia rubra, Poir. P. Michauxii, Spach). RED BUCKEYE. Shrub or small tree, 4-20 ft.: lfts. oblong or elliptical, acute at both ends, finely serrate, smooth or pubescent beneath: panicles 4-7 in. long, loose; fls. purplish to dark red; calyx tubular; petals very dissimilar; stamens mostly 8, nearly as long as the petals: fr. smooth. May, June. Va. to Fla. and La.—Many garden forms, as var. humilis, Mouillef. (AE. humilis, Lodd. AE. Pavia var. nana, Dipp. AE. Pavia var. péndula, Hort. AE.
+Aesculus pavia, Linn. (Pavia rubra, Poir. P. Michauxii, Spach). RED BUCKEYE. Shrub or small tree, 4-20 ft.: lfts. oblong or elliptical, acute at both ends, finely serrate, smooth or pubescent beneath: panicles 4-7 in. long, loose; fls. purplish to dark red; calyx tubular; petals very dissimilar; stamens mostly 8, nearly as long as the petals: fr. smooth. May, June. Va. to Fla. and La.—Many garden forms, as var. humilis, Mouillef. (AE. humilis, Lodd. A. Pavia var. nana, Dipp. A. Pavia var. péndula, Hort. A. rubra var. hùmilis, Loud.). Low shrub, sometimes prostrate, 2-4 ft.: lfts. coarsely and unequally serrate, slightly pubescent beneath, chiefly along the veins: fls. red; calyx dark red. Var. atrosanguinea, Rehd. Fls. very dark red. Var. sublaciniata, Wats. (Pavia atropurpurea, Spach). Lfts. narrower oblong, deeply serrate: fls. dark red. There are also forms with variegated lvs.
−rubra var. hùmilis, Loud.). Low shrub, sometimes prostrate, 2-4 ft.: lfts. coarsely and unequally serrate, slightly pubescent beneath, chiefly along the veins: fls. red; calyx dark red. Var. atrosanguinea, Rehd. Fls. very dark red. Var. sublaciniata, Wats. (Pavia atropurpurea, Spach). Lfts. narrower oblong, deeply serrate: fls. dark red. There are also forms with variegated lvs.
}}
}}
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==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
−===Propagation===
===Propagation===
−===Pests and diseases===
===Pests and diseases===
−==Varieties==
==Varieties==
+
==Gallery==
==Gallery==
−<gallery perrow=5>
−File:Aesculus pavia L. (Dwarf Red Buckeye) Hippocastanaceae (1657458344).jpg| photo 1
−File:Aesculus pavia8.jpg| photo 2
−File:Aesculus pavia var. flavescens PICT0312.JPG| ''flavescens'' variety
−</gallery>
</gallery>
==References==
==References==
+<references/>
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 -->
<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 -->
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