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Potentilla (view source)

Revision as of 16:49, 14 July 2011

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{{SPlantbox
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|familia=Rosaceae
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|genus=Potentilla
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|taxo_author=L.
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|habit=herbaceous
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|lifespan=perennial, annual, biennial
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|Temp Metric=°F
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|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
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|image=Potentilla_sterilis.JPG
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|image_width=240
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|image_caption=''Potentilla sterilis'' leaves
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}}
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'''''Potentilla''''' is a [[genus]] of about 500 species of [[Annual plant|annual]], [[Biennial plant|biennial]] and [[Perennial plant|perennial]] [[herbaceous|herb]]s in the rose family [[Rosaceae]], native to most of the [[Northern Hemisphere]]. Common names include '''cinquefoil''', '''tormentil''', and '''barren strawberry'''.
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Many of the species have leaves divided into five leaflets arranged palmately (like the fingers of a hand), whence the name cinquefoil (French, ''cinque feuilles'', "five leaves"), though some species (e.g. ''P. sterilis'') have just three leaflets, and others (e.g. ''P. anserina'') up to 15 or more leaflets arranged pinnately. The leaves of some cinquefoils are eaten by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species - see [[list of Lepidoptera which feed on Potentilla]].
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Recent [[genetics|genetic]] research has resulted in a number of changes to the circumscription of ''Potentilla'' (Eriksson et al., 2003).
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The genera ''Duchesnea'', ''Horkelia'', and ''Ivesia'', previously all regarded as distinct, have been shown to be members of ''Potentilla'', though this change has not been universally adopted.
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Conversely, the shrubby plant previously included in this genus as ''Potentilla fruticosa'', does not to belong to ''Potentilla'' at all, and is now treated in the genus ''[[Dasiphora]]'' as ''Dasiphora fruticosa''.
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The two species formerly treated as ''Potentilla palustris'' and ''Potentilla salesowianum'' are now separated into the genus ''[[Comarum]]'', while ''Potentilla tridentata'' is transferred to ''[[Sibbaldiopsis]]'' as ''Sibbaldiopsis tridentata'', and ''Potentilla arguta'' is similarly now separated into the genus ''[[Drymocallis]]'' as ''Drymocallis arguta''.
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The [[silverweed]]s are also separable into the new genus ''[[Argentina (plant)|Argentina]]'', though these are closer to the typical species of ''Potentilla'', and this separation is less well supported.
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''Potentilla'' is also related to the genera ''[[Geum]]'' and ''[[Dryas (plant)|Dryas]]'', and also to the strawberries in the genus [[strawberry|''Fragaria'']]; ''Potentilla'' differs from the strawberries in having dry, inedible fruit (hence the name "barren strawberry" for some species).
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Some species are grown as garden plants.
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{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Potentilla (diminutive of Latin potens, powerful; referring to the medicinal properties). Rosaceae. Cinquefoil. Five-finger. A large group of perennial, rarely annual, herbs and shrubs found throughout the North Temperate and frigid zones; somewhat planted.
 
Potentilla (diminutive of Latin potens, powerful; referring to the medicinal properties). Rosaceae. Cinquefoil. Five-finger. A large group of perennial, rarely annual, herbs and shrubs found throughout the North Temperate and frigid zones; somewhat planted.
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}}
 
}}
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{{Taxobox
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==Cultivation==
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = ''Potentilla''
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| image = Potentilla_sterilis.JPG
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| image_width = 250px
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| image_caption = ''Potentilla sterilis'' leaves
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| regnum = [[Plantae]]
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Rosales]]
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| familia = [[Rosaceae]]
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| subfamilia = [[Rosoideae]]
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| genus = '''''Potentilla'''''
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| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
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| subdivision =
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See text.
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}}
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'''''Potentilla''''' is a [[genus]] of about 500 species of [[Annual plant|annual]], [[Biennial plant|biennial]] and [[Perennial plant|perennial]] [[herbaceous|herb]]s in the rose family [[Rosaceae]], native to most of the [[Northern Hemisphere]]. Common names include '''cinquefoil''', '''tormentil''', and '''barren strawberry'''.
  −
 
  −
Many of the species have leaves divided into five leaflets arranged palmately (like the fingers of a hand), whence the name cinquefoil (French, ''cinque feuilles'', "five leaves"), though some species (e.g. ''P. sterilis'') have just three leaflets, and others (e.g. ''P. anserina'') up to 15 or more leaflets arranged pinnately. The leaves of some cinquefoils are eaten by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species - see [[list of Lepidoptera which feed on Potentilla]].
  −
 
  −
Recent [[genetics|genetic]] research has resulted in a number of changes to the circumscription of ''Potentilla'' (Eriksson et al., 2003).
  −
 
  −
The genera ''Duchesnea'', ''Horkelia'', and ''Ivesia'', previously all regarded as distinct, have been shown to be members of ''Potentilla'', though this change has not been universally adopted.
     −
Conversely, the shrubby plant previously included in this genus as ''Potentilla fruticosa'', does not to belong to ''Potentilla'' at all, and is now treated in the genus ''[[Dasiphora]]'' as ''Dasiphora fruticosa''.
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===Propagation===
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The two species formerly treated as ''Potentilla palustris'' and ''Potentilla salesowianum'' are now separated into the genus ''[[Comarum]]'', while ''Potentilla tridentata'' is transferred to ''[[Sibbaldiopsis]]'' as ''Sibbaldiopsis tridentata'', and ''Potentilla arguta'' is similarly now separated into the genus ''[[Drymocallis]]'' as ''Drymocallis arguta''.
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===Pests and diseases===
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The [[silverweed]]s are also separable into the new genus ''[[Argentina (plant)|Argentina]]'', though these are closer to the typical species of ''Potentilla'', and this separation is less well supported.
  −
 
  −
''Potentilla'' is also related to the genera ''[[Geum]]'' and ''[[Dryas (plant)|Dryas]]'', and also to the strawberries in the genus [[strawberry|''Fragaria'']]; ''Potentilla'' differs from the strawberries in having dry, inedible fruit (hence the name "barren strawberry" for some species).
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Some species are grown as garden plants.
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==[[Species]]==
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==Varieties==
 
About 500, including:<br>
 
About 500, including:<br>
 
*''[[Potentilla alba]]'' White Cinquefoil
 
*''[[Potentilla alba]]'' White Cinquefoil
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*''[[Potentilla Robbinsiana]]'' Robbins Cinquefoil
 
*''[[Potentilla Robbinsiana]]'' Robbins Cinquefoil
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==Previously included species==
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Previously included species
 
*''[[Potentilla fruticosa]]'' now reclassified as ''[[Dasipho
 
*''[[Potentilla fruticosa]]'' now reclassified as ''[[Dasipho
 
ra fruticosa]]'' Shrubby Cinquefoil
 
ra fruticosa]]'' Shrubby Cinquefoil
    
==References==
 
==References==
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Eriksson, T., Hibbs, M. S., Yoder, A. D. Delwiche, C. F. & Donoghue, M. J. (2003). The Phylogeny of Rosoideae. ''Int. J. Plant Sci.'' 164(2): 197–211. Available [http://research.yale.edu/yoderlab/pdfs/2003,%20Eriksson%20et%20al,%20IJPS.pdf online (pdf file)]
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*{{wplink}}
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*Eriksson, T., Hibbs, M. S., Yoder, A. D. Delwiche, C. F. & Donoghue, M. J. (2003). The Phylogeny of Rosoideae. ''Int. J. Plant Sci.'' 164(2): 197–211. Available [http://research.yale.edu/yoderlab/pdfs/2003,%20Eriksson%20et%20al,%20IJPS.pdf online (pdf file)]
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[[Category:Potentilla| ]]
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__NOTOC__
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