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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Chilgoza Pine
| image = Pinus gerardiana Bra67.png
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = ''Pinus gerardiana''
| status = LR/nt
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Pinophyta]]
| classis = [[Pinophyta|Pinopsida]]
| ordo = [[Pinales]]
| familia = [[Pinaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Pine|Pinus]]''
| subgenus = ''[[Pinus classification|Ducampopinus]]''
| species = '''''P. gerardiana'''''
| binomial = ''Pinus gerardiana''
| binomial_authority = [[Nathaniel Wallich|Wall.]] ex [[D. Don]]
}}
The '''Chilgoza Pine''' ''Pinus gerardiana'', also known as 'noosa' and 'neoza', is a [[pine]] native to the northwestern [[Himalaya]] in eastern [[Afghanistan]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kashmir]] and northwest [[India]], growing at elevations between 1800-3350 m. It often occurs in association with [[Blue Pine]] (''Pinus wallichiana'') and [[Deodar Cedar]] (''Cedrus deodara'').
The [[tree]]s are 10-20 (-25) m tall with usually deep, wide and open [[Crown (botany)|crowns]] with long, erect branches. However, crowns are narrower and shallower in dense forests. The [[bark]] is very flaky, peeling to reveal light greyish-green patches, similar to the closely related [[Lacebark Pine]] (''Pinus bungeana''). The branchlets are smooth and olive-green. The [[leaf|leaves]] are needle-like, in fascicles of 3, 6-10 cm long, spreading stiffly, glossy green on the outer surface, with blue-green [[stomata]]l lines on the inner face; the sheaths falling in the first year. The [[conifer cone|cones]] are 10-18 cm long, 9-11 cm wide when open, with wrinkled, reflexed apophyses and an umbo curved inward at the base. The [[seed]]s ([[pine nut]]s) are 17-23 mm long and 5-7 mm broad, with a thin shell and a rudimentary wing.
===Uses===
Chilgoza Pine is well known for its edible seeds. The seeds are locally called and marketed as "Chilgoza", "Neje" or "Neja" and are rich in [[carbohydrate]]s and [[protein]]s. It is one of the most important cash crops of tribal people residing in the [[Kinnaur]] district of [[Himachal Pradesh]], [[India]].
===Other information===
This species is listed as lower risk, near threatened. Overcutting, and intensive grazing causing poor regeneration, may result in the extinction of this pine species. The Himachal Pradesh State Forest Department has tried [[plantation|artificial regeneration]] of Chilgoza Pine at many places. However, performance of seedlings was found to be very poor.
The scientific name commemorates Captain Gerard, a [[United Kingdom|British]] army officer in India. It was introduced to England in 1839, where it grows well in the warmer drier areas of the southeast, but is very rarely planted.
==References==
* {{IUCN2006|assessors=Conifer Specialist Group|year=1998|id=34189|title=Pinus gerardiana|downloaded=11 May 2006}}
==External links==
* [http://www.conifers.org/pi/pin/gerardiana.htm Gymnosperm Database: ''Pinus gerardiana'']
* [http://www.pinetum.org/cones/PNgerardiana.jpg Photo of Chilgoza Pine cone]
* [http://www.forestryimages.org/images/768x512/3943066.jpg Picture of chilgoza pine seed]
[[Category:Pinaceae|Pine, Chilgoza]]
| color = lightgreen
| name = Chilgoza Pine
| image = Pinus gerardiana Bra67.png
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = ''Pinus gerardiana''
| status = LR/nt
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Pinophyta]]
| classis = [[Pinophyta|Pinopsida]]
| ordo = [[Pinales]]
| familia = [[Pinaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Pine|Pinus]]''
| subgenus = ''[[Pinus classification|Ducampopinus]]''
| species = '''''P. gerardiana'''''
| binomial = ''Pinus gerardiana''
| binomial_authority = [[Nathaniel Wallich|Wall.]] ex [[D. Don]]
}}
The '''Chilgoza Pine''' ''Pinus gerardiana'', also known as 'noosa' and 'neoza', is a [[pine]] native to the northwestern [[Himalaya]] in eastern [[Afghanistan]], [[Pakistan]], [[Kashmir]] and northwest [[India]], growing at elevations between 1800-3350 m. It often occurs in association with [[Blue Pine]] (''Pinus wallichiana'') and [[Deodar Cedar]] (''Cedrus deodara'').
The [[tree]]s are 10-20 (-25) m tall with usually deep, wide and open [[Crown (botany)|crowns]] with long, erect branches. However, crowns are narrower and shallower in dense forests. The [[bark]] is very flaky, peeling to reveal light greyish-green patches, similar to the closely related [[Lacebark Pine]] (''Pinus bungeana''). The branchlets are smooth and olive-green. The [[leaf|leaves]] are needle-like, in fascicles of 3, 6-10 cm long, spreading stiffly, glossy green on the outer surface, with blue-green [[stomata]]l lines on the inner face; the sheaths falling in the first year. The [[conifer cone|cones]] are 10-18 cm long, 9-11 cm wide when open, with wrinkled, reflexed apophyses and an umbo curved inward at the base. The [[seed]]s ([[pine nut]]s) are 17-23 mm long and 5-7 mm broad, with a thin shell and a rudimentary wing.
===Uses===
Chilgoza Pine is well known for its edible seeds. The seeds are locally called and marketed as "Chilgoza", "Neje" or "Neja" and are rich in [[carbohydrate]]s and [[protein]]s. It is one of the most important cash crops of tribal people residing in the [[Kinnaur]] district of [[Himachal Pradesh]], [[India]].
===Other information===
This species is listed as lower risk, near threatened. Overcutting, and intensive grazing causing poor regeneration, may result in the extinction of this pine species. The Himachal Pradesh State Forest Department has tried [[plantation|artificial regeneration]] of Chilgoza Pine at many places. However, performance of seedlings was found to be very poor.
The scientific name commemorates Captain Gerard, a [[United Kingdom|British]] army officer in India. It was introduced to England in 1839, where it grows well in the warmer drier areas of the southeast, but is very rarely planted.
==References==
* {{IUCN2006|assessors=Conifer Specialist Group|year=1998|id=34189|title=Pinus gerardiana|downloaded=11 May 2006}}
==External links==
* [http://www.conifers.org/pi/pin/gerardiana.htm Gymnosperm Database: ''Pinus gerardiana'']
* [http://www.pinetum.org/cones/PNgerardiana.jpg Photo of Chilgoza Pine cone]
* [http://www.forestryimages.org/images/768x512/3943066.jpg Picture of chilgoza pine seed]
[[Category:Pinaceae|Pine, Chilgoza]]
