94,129
edits
Changes
From Gardenology.org - Plant Encyclopedia and Gardening Wiki
Jump to navigationJump to searchno edit summary
{{Taxobox
| name = Centranthus ruber
| image = GardenValerian.jpg
| image_width = 200px
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Dipsacales]]
| familia = [[Valerianaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Centranthus]]''
| species = '''''C. ruber'''''
| binomial = ''Centranthus ruber''
| binomial_authority = ([[Carolus Linnaeus|L]].) DC.
}}
'''''Centranthus ruber''''', also called '''Valerian''' or '''Red valerian''' is a popular [[gardening|garden]] flower. Other common names include '''Jupiter's Beard'''.
A native of the [[Mediterranean]] region, ''Centranthus ruber'' has been introduced into many other parts of the world as a garden escapee. It is naturalised in both [[Great Britain]] and the [[United States]]. In the US it can be found growing wild in such western states as [[Arizona]], [[Utah]], [[California]], [[Hawaii]], [[Oregon]] and [[Utah]], usually in disturbed, rocky places at elevations below 200 m. It is often seen by roadsides or in urban wasteland. It can tolerate very [[alkali]]ne soil conditions, and will grow freely in old walls despite the lime in their mortar.
It grows as a [[perennial plant]], usually as a [[subshrub]] though it can take any form from a [[herb]] to a [[shrub]] depending on conditions; the plants are usually woody at the base. The leaves are generally 5-8 cm in length. Their shape changes from the bottom to the top of the plant, the lower leaves being petioled while the upper leaves are sessile. The plant flowers profusely, and though the individual flowers are small (no more than 2 cm), the inflorescences are large and showy. The flowers have a strong and somewhat rank scent: they are pollinated by both [[bee]]s and [[butterfly|butterflies]] and the plant is noted for attracting insects. It is used as a food plant by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[Angle Shades]]. The flowers are usually a purplish red, but sometimes lavender or white in colour.
Both leaves and roots can be eaten, the leaves either fresh in salads or lightly boiled, the roots boiled in soups. Opinions differ as to whether either make very good eating, however. Although it is sometimes reported to have medicinal properties, there is no basis for this view, which is almost certainly due to confusion with true [[Valerian]].
==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:Centranthus ruber 1.jpg|Closeup of flowerhead
</gallery>
==External links==
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_valerian
*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?Centranthus+ruber Jepson manual species treatment]
*[http://www.ibiblio.org/pfaf/cgi-bin/arr_html?Centranthus+ruber&CAN=LATIND Entry in the Plants for a Future database]
*[http://elib.cs.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?where-taxon=Centranthus+ruber Images from the CalPhotos archive
