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| | {{Main|List of fuchsia diseases}} | | {{Main|List of fuchsia diseases}} |
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| − | ==Pronunciation== | + | ==Gallery== |
| − | While the original pronunciation from the word's German origin is ''"fook-sya"'' {{IPA|/ˈfʊksja/}}, most English speakers tend to say ''"fyew'sha"'' {{IPA|/ˈfjuːʃə/}}. As a result, the word is often subjected to misspellings such as "fushcia" or "fuschia". In English, the other acceptable pronunciation is ''"fyewk'see-ah"'', which is somewhat truer to the word's origin.
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| − | == History ==
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| − | [[Image:Leonhart.fuchs.farbig.jpg|right|thumb|180px|[[Leonhart Fuchs]] (1501-1566) (Farbig)]]
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| − | [[Leonhart Fuchs]] was born in 1501. He occupied the chair of Medicine at the [[Tübingen University]] from the age of 34 until his death, on the 10th May 1566. Besides his medical knowledge, according to his record of activities which was extensive for the time, he studied plants. This was natural, for most of the remedies of the time were [[herbal]] and the two subjects were often inseperable.
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| − | In the course of his career Fuchs wrote ''De Historia Stirpium'', which was published in ''1542''. In honour of Fuchs' work the fuchsia received its name shortly before 1703 by [[Charles Plumier]]. It was Plumier who compiled his ''Nova Plantarum Americanum'', which was published in [[Paris]] in 1703, based on the results of his plant-finding trip to [[Americas|America]] in search of new [[genera]].
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| − | The fuchsia was in England in the 18th century when Plumier took some [[seeds]] there after his expedition. The ''species'' he took was ''Fuchsia triphylla flore coccinea'' where specimens appeared in [[France]]. This may account for its reference under the name of "[[Thiles]]" in the ''Journal des Obervations Botaniques''in 1725. Thiles was the name by which the plant was known in southern [[Chile]] where Plumier discovered it.
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| − | Professor [[Philip Munz]], in his ''A Revision of the Genus Fuchsia'', 1793 says, however, that the fuchsia was first introduced into England by a sailor who grew it in a window where it was observed by a nurseryman from [[Hammersmith]], a Mr. Lee, who succeeded in buying it and propagating it for the trade. This was one of the short tubed species such as ''magellanica'' or ''coccinea''.
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| − | [[Image:Plumier Charles.jpg|left|thumb|180px|[[Charles Plumier]] (1646-1704), discovered the genera in c.1704]]
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| − | This report is further embellished in various publications where Captain Firth, a sailor, brought the plant back to England from one of his trips to his home in Hammersmith where he gave it to his wife. Later on [[James Lee]] of St. Johns Wood, nurseryman and an astute businessman, heard of the plant and purchased it for £80. He then [[propagated]] as many as possible and sold them to the trade for prices ranging from £10 to £20 each.
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| − | In the ''Floricultural Cabinet'', 1855, there is a report which varies slightly from the above. Here is says that ''F. coccinea'' was given to [[Kew]] Garden in 1788 by Captain Firth and that Lee acquired if from Kew.
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| − | By this time plant collecting fever had spread and many species of numerous genera were introduced to England, some living plants, others as seed. The following plants were recorded at Kew: ''F. lycioides'', 1796; ''F. arborescens'', 1824; ''F. microphylla'', 1827; ''F. fulgens'', 1830; ''F. corymbiflora'', 1840; and ''F. apetala'', ''F. decussata'', ''F. dependens'' and ''F. serratifolia'' in 1843 and 1844, the last four species attributable to Messrs. Veitch of Exeter.
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| − | With the increasing numbers of differing species in England plant breeders began to immediately develop [[hybrids]] to develop more desirable garden plants. The first recorded experiments date to 1825 as ''F. arborescens'' Χ ''F. macrostemma'' and ''F. arborescens'' X ''F. coccinea'' where the quality of the resultant plants was unrecorded.
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| − | Between 1835 and 1850 there was a tremendous influx to England of both hybrids and varieties, the majority of which hav
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| − | e been lost.
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| − | In 1848 Monsieur [[Felix Porcher]] published the second edition of his book ''Le Fuchsia son Histoire et sa Culture''. This described 520 species. In 1871 in later editions of M. Porchers book reference is made to [[James Lye]] who was to become famous as a breeder of fuchsias in England. In 1883 the first book of English fuchsias was published.
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| − | Between 1900 and 1914 many of the famous varieties were produced which were grown extensively for [[Covent Garden]] market by many growers just outside [[London]]. During the period between the world wars fuchsia growing slowed down as efforts were made towards crop production until after 1949 where plant and hybrid production resumed on a large scale.<ref>Puttock, A. G., ''Lovely Fuchsias'', Gifford, London, 1959</ref>
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| − | ==Further Information and Advice==
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| − | There are many national societies and even more local societies throughout the world who's purpose is to encourage the cultivation and hybridisation of the genus Fuchsia. Enthusiasts and beginners alike will find a warm welcome on the Bristish Fuchsia Society website [http://www.thebfs.org.uk].
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| | <gallery> | | <gallery> |
| | <!-- Unsourced image removed: Image:Fuchsia_in_full_bloom.jpg|''Fuchsia magellanica'' grown in Ireland --> | | <!-- Unsourced image removed: Image:Fuchsia_in_full_bloom.jpg|''Fuchsia magellanica'' grown in Ireland --> |
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| | Image:Fuschia.jpg|''Fuchsia x hybrida'' flower, grown in Canada | | Image:Fuschia.jpg|''Fuchsia x hybrida'' flower, grown in Canada |
| | Image:Moonglow0.jpg|'''Fuchsia''' '''"Moonglow"''', flowers, grown in California, 2004. | | Image:Moonglow0.jpg|'''Fuchsia''' '''"Moonglow"''', flowers, grown in California, 2004. |
| | + | Image:Hanging Fuchsia-3825.jpg |
| | </gallery> | | </gallery> |
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| | == External links == | | == External links == |
| | * Pictures of [http://www.chilebosque.cl/shrb/flyci.html ''Fuchsia lycioides''] and [http://www.chilebosque.cl/shrb/fmage.html ''Fuchsia magellanica''] in Chile. | | * Pictures of [http://www.chilebosque.cl/shrb/flyci.html ''Fuchsia lycioides''] and [http://www.chilebosque.cl/shrb/fmage.html ''Fuchsia magellanica''] in Chile. |
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| − | {{commons|Fuchsia}}
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| − | [[Category:Myrtales]]
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| − | [[Category:Garden plants]]
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| − | [[Category:Flowers]]
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