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{{Taxobox
{{SPlantbox
| color = lightgreen
|familia=Plantaginaceae
| name = ''Linaria''
|genus=Linaria
| image = Common toadflax 600.jpg
|Min ht metric=cm
| image_width = 240px
|Temp Metric=°F
| image_caption = ''Linaria vulgaris''
|image=Common toadflax 600.jpg
|image_width=180
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
|image_caption=Linaria vulgaris
}}
{{Inc|
Linaria (linum, flax, which the lvs. of some species resemble). Scrophulariaceae. Low herbs, sometimes subshrubs, several species cultivated for the oddly irregular flowers and others for the festooning foliage.
Annual, biennial, perennial: lvs. alternate, or sometimes subverticillate, in the erect-growing species mostly narrow and entire: fls. solitary in the axils, or in terminal racemes, yellow, white, blue or purple; corolla personate or grinning, 2-lipped, usually 1- spurred at the base (in rare or so-called peloria states 5-spurred); stamens 4, ascending in 2 pairs, slender; style 1: fr. a dry caps., opening by slits or pores near the summit, many-seeded.—Widely distributed, mostly in temperate parts of the northern hemisphere, of more than 100 species and with many hybrids. Occasionally the fls. of the common toad flax (Linaria vulgaris) are regular. When Linnaeus discovered this form, he took the plant to be of another kind and used for it the genus Peloria. This word Peloria is now used generically for the regular state of any normally irregular fl. Such monstrosities occur now and then, particularly in the Scrophulariaceae.
In America, linarias are little known as garden plants, although they are worthy of greater attention. They are of two general classes,—the hardy perennials (sometimes evergreen) and the annuals. The perennials are propagated by seeds and by division, usually the latter. All the species are of easiest culture in any ordinary soil and exposure, and are largely able to shift for themselves when once established. The annuals may be started indoors; or in warm situations they may be sown where the plants are to stand. Some of the trailing and cespitose species are good for rock-gardens.
L Broussonnettii, Chav. (L. multi-punctata, Hoffmgg.). Low annual, with yellow, black-spotted fls., orange on the palate, and lanceolate or linear lvs.: 5-8 in. high, mostly upright. Spain.—L. canadensis, Dum.,is a weedy native plant, of no value to the garden, although sometimes making a considerable show in fields in spring: it is annual or biennial, strict, 1-2 ft., with very small blue fls. I globdea, Hort. Described as making close rounded masses, with glaucous-green lvs. and lilac fls. L. Cymbalaria(?).—L. hepaticaefolia, Steud. A good alpine, making a very low mat: fls. purple: lvs. cordate or reniform, lobed. Corsica, Sardinia.—L. multipunctata, Hoffmgg.-L. Broussonettii.—L. Pancici, Hort (not Janka), is said to be abeautiful dwarf species with large canary yellow fls. And narrow-lanceolate lvs, from the Orient.-L.petraea, Jord. Low plant with rose coloured fls. tinged violet and yellow on the tip. Eu.-L. saxatilis, Hoffmgg. & Link. Rockwork perennial, trailing with hickish lanceolate lvs., and yellow fls. in short clusters. Spain. L. H. B.
}}
}}
Closely related genera include the ''[[Nuttallanthus]]'' (American toadflaxes, recently split from ''Linaria''), ''[[Antirrhinum]]'' (snapdragons) and ''[[Cymbalaria]]'' (Ivy-leaved toadflaxes).
Closely related genera include the ''[[Nuttallanthus]]'' (American toadflaxes, recently split from ''Linaria''), ''[[Antirrhinum]]'' (snapdragons) and ''[[Cymbalaria]]'' (Ivy-leaved toadflaxes).
==Cultivation==
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===Propagation===
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===Pests and diseases===
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==Species==
;Selected species
;Selected species
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Since ''Linaria'' species are [[toxic]] to livestock, the plants are regarded as [[noxious weed]]s. However, toadflaxes are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species, including the [[Mouse Moth]], and the [[common buckeye]].
Since ''Linaria'' species are [[toxic]] to livestock, the plants are regarded as [[noxious weed]]s. However, toadflaxes are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species, including the [[Mouse Moth]], and the [[common buckeye]].
==Gallery==
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== Medicinal Uses ==
==References==
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608 -->
==External links==
*{{wplink}}
{{Commons|Linaria maroccana}}
{{stub}}
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