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{{SPlantbox
| name = ''Salix babylonica''
|familia=Salicaceae
| common_names = Peking Willow
|genus=Salix
| growth_habit = ? <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
|species=babylonica
| high = ? <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
|taxo_author=L.
| wide = <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
|common_name=Peking willow, Weeping willow
| origin = China{{SCH}}
|name_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| poisonous = <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
|habit=tree
| lifespan = perennial
|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| exposure = full sun{{SSN}}
|Max ht box=40
| water = lots of water{{SSN}}
|Max ht metric=ft
| features = <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
|height_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| hardiness = <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
|Max wd box=35
| bloom = <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
|Max wd metric=ft
| usda_zones = ? <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
|width_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| sunset_zones = <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
|origin=China
| color = IndianRed
|origin_ref=Sunset National Garden Book
| image = SalixBabylonica.jpg
|lifespan=perennial
| image_width = 240px <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| image_caption = Peking Willows planted at [[Shijiazhuang]], south of [[Beijing]], China
|exposure=sun
| regnum = Plantae
|sun_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| divisio = Magnoliophyta
|water=wet, moist
| classis = Magnoliopsida
|water_ref=Sunset National Garden Book
| ordo = Malpighiales
|features=deciduous
| familia = Salicaceae
|Temp Metric=°F
| genus = Salix
|min_zone=5
| species = babylonica
|usda_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
| subspecies =
|max_zone=10
| cultivar =
|sunset_zones=3-24, 26n, 28, 30-34, 39
|image=SalixBabylonica.jpg
|image_width=240
|image_caption=Peking Willows
}}
}}
'''''Salix babylonica''''' ('''Babylon Willow''' (var. ''babylonica'') or '''Peking Willow''' (var. ''matsudana''); is a species of [[willow]] native to dry areas of northern [[China]], but cultivated for millennia elsewhere in [[Asia]], being traded along the [[silk road]] to southwest Asia and [[Europe]].<ref name=foc>Flora of China: [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200005760 ''Salix babylonica'']</ref><ref name=grin>Germplasm Resources Information Network: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?32683 ''Salix babylonica'']</ref>
It is a large-sized to medium [[deciduous]] tree, growing up to 20-25 m tall. It grows rapidly, but has a short lifespan. The shoots are yellowish-brown, with small buds. The [[leaf|leaves]] are spirally arranged, narrow, light green, 4-16 cm long and 0.5-2 cm broad, with finely serrate margins and long [[leaf shape|acuminate]] tips ; they turn a gold-yellow in autumn. The [[flower]]s are arranged in [[catkin]]s produced early in the spring; it is [[plant sexuality|dioecious]], with the male and female catkins on separate trees.<ref name=foc/><ref name=rhs>Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.</ref>
{{Inc|
{{Inc|
'''''[[Salix]] babylonica'''.'' (syn. S. pendula). Napoleon's Willow. A tree of weeping habit, 30-40 ft. high, with long slender olive-green or purplish branches: buds small, acute: lvs. 2-6 in. long, attenuate at base and apex: aments appearing with the lvs., slender, the pistillate green, 1 in. long, caps. small. China.—Long known in cult. and often grown in cemeteries. Tender N. Var. annularis, Forbes, lvs. twisted back so as to form a sort of ring.
'''''[[Salix]] babylonica'''.'' (syn. S. pendula). Napoleon's Willow. A tree of weeping habit, 30-40 ft. high, with long slender olive-green or purplish branches: buds small, acute: lvs. 2-6 in. long, attenuate at base and apex: aments appearing with the lvs., slender, the pistillate green, 1 in. long, caps. small. China.—Long known in cult. and often grown in cemeteries. Tender N. Var. annularis, Forbes, lvs. twisted back so as to form a sort of ring.
==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
===Propagation===
===Propagation===
===Pests and diseases===
===Pests and diseases===
It has also been introduced into many other areas, but has not generally been successfully cultivated outside China, being very short-lived and unsightly due to [[canker]] diseases in the more humid [[climate]]s in much of [[Europe]] and [[North America]]. It is particularly susceptible to [[canker]] disease, Willow Anthracnose (''Marssonina salicicola'') and sensitive to late-spring frosts.<ref name=bean4/><ref name=rdm>Meikle, R. D. (1984). ''Willows and Poplars of Great Britain and Ireland''. BSBI Handbook No. 4. ISBN 0-901158-07-0.</ref>
==Species==
==Varieties==
<!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc -->
{{Redirect|Weeping willow||Weeping Willow (disambiguation)}}
of var. ''babylonica'' (Babylon Willow).
* 'Babylon' (synonym: 'Napoleon') The most widely grown cultivar with its typical weeping branches<ref>Santamour, F.S. & McArdle, A.J. (1988). Cultivars of Salix babylonica and other Weeping
Willows. Journal of Arboriculture 14: 180-184</ref>
* 'Crispa' (synonym: 'Annularis') A mutant of 'Babylon' with spirally curled leaves
of var. ''matsudana'' (Pekin Willow).
* 'Pendula' One of the best weeping trees, with a silvery shine, hardier and more disease resistant.
* 'Tortuosa' Upright tree with twisted and contorted branches.
Early Chinese [[cultivar]] selections include the original Weeping Willow ''Salix babylonica'' 'Pendula', in which the branches and twigs are strongly pendulous. However, most Weeping Willows outside China are [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]] between this cultivar, and either White Willow ''[[Salix alba]]'' ([[Salix Sepulcralis Group]]) or Crack Willow ''[[Salix fragilis]]'' (''Salix × pendulina'' Wenderoth), which are better adapted to the more humid climates of most heavily populated regions of Europe and North America. The most widely grown Weeping Willow cultivar is [[Salix Sepulcralis Group 'Chrysocoma']], with bright yellowish shoots.<ref name=bean4/><ref name=rdm/>
==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery perrow=5>
Image:Upload.png| photo 1
File:Saule pleureur chaton.jpg|Flower
Image:Willow Salix babylonica.jpg|Leaves
File:Salix babylonica2.jpg|Bark
File:SalixBabylonicaLeaf.jpg|Leaf
</gallery>
</gallery>
==References==
==References==
<references/>
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
<!--- xxxxx *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381 -->
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