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Scilla (view source)

Revision as of 13:51, 22 May 2010

51 bytes added ,  13:51, 22 May 2010
→‎Species
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{{SPlantbox
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|familia=Hyacinthaceae
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|genus=Scilla
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|common_name=Bluebell, Squill
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|habit=bulbous
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|habit_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|lifespan=perennial
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|life_ref=Flora - A Gardener's Encyclopedia
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|Temp Metric=°F
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|jumpin=If this plant info box on watering; zones; height; etc. is mostly empty you can click on the edit tab and fill in the blanks!
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|image=Scilla siberica0.jpg
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|image_width=240
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|image_caption=Siberian Squill (''Scilla siberica'')
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}}
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'''''Scilla''''' ({{pron-en|ˈsɪlə}}; '''Squill'''),<ref>''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607</ref> is a [[genus]] of about 50<ref>[http://americanrecordexpress.com/Key/Plantae/Scilla_Genus.asp ZipcodeZoo]</ref> [[bulb]]-forming [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[herbaceous plant|herbs]] in the [[Hyacinthaceae|hyacinth family]] native to woodlands, subalpine meadows, and seashores throughout [[Europe]] and [[Asia]]. Their [[flower]]s are usually blue, but white, pink, and purple types are known; most flower in early spring, but a few are autumn-flowering.
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Many species, notably ''S. siberica'', are grown in [[garden]]s for their attractive early spring flowers.
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{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Scilla (the old Greek name used by Hippocrates: I injure, according to Miller, alluding to the poisonous bulbs). Liliaceae. Squill. Wild Hyacinth. Bluebell. Perennial bulbous plants remarkable for easy culture, quick growth and beautiful blue, rose, or white flowers, blooming early in the spring (some in autumn), and therefore desirable plants for the wild-garden, rock-garden, or border; they are very useful in pots for midwinter flowers for window-boxes and for room-decoration; some are stove plants; some of the South African forms have handsome spotted foliage.
 
Scilla (the old Greek name used by Hippocrates: I injure, according to Miller, alluding to the poisonous bulbs). Liliaceae. Squill. Wild Hyacinth. Bluebell. Perennial bulbous plants remarkable for easy culture, quick growth and beautiful blue, rose, or white flowers, blooming early in the spring (some in autumn), and therefore desirable plants for the wild-garden, rock-garden, or border; they are very useful in pots for midwinter flowers for window-boxes and for room-decoration; some are stove plants; some of the South African forms have handsome spotted foliage.
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The trade names are considerably confused. Many of the so-called horticultural species and races may be united as mere varieties of species that have been defined botanically. The following names are thought to include all those in the American trade, but other species are known to fanciers.
 
The trade names are considerably confused. Many of the so-called horticultural species and races may be united as mere varieties of species that have been defined botanically. The following names are thought to include all those in the American trade, but other species are known to fanciers.
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S. axillaris, C. H. Wright. Of robust habit: lvs. 1 ft. long, 2 1/2 in. broad: raceme many-fld.: perianth-segms. white outside with green keel, bright violet edged with white inside. Hab.(?).—S. cilicica, Siehe. Bulb bluish violet: lvs. 4-8 in. long, about 1/2 in. broad at apex: scape slightly taller than lvs.: pedicels one-half as long as fls.: fls. 2-6, bright blue, often tinged with violet; filaments white, thread-like. Asia Minor. G.C. III. 44:194, desc.
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S. axillaris, C. H. Wright. Of robust habit: lvs. 1 ft. long, 2 1/2 in. broad: raceme many-fld.: perianth-segms. white outside with green keel, bright violet edged with white inside. Hab.(?).—S. cilicica, Siehe. Bulb bluish violet: lvs. 4-8 in. long, about 1/2 in. broad at apex: scape slightly taller than lvs.: pedicels one-half as long as fls.: fls. 2-6, bright blue, often tinged with violet; filaments white, thread-like. Asia Minor. G.C. III. 44:194, desc.{{SCH}}
 
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}}
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:''For the town, see [[Scilla, Italy]]. For the given name, see [[Priscilla]]. For the mythological monster, see [[Scylla]].''
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==Cultivation==
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{{Taxobox
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = ''Scilla''
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===Propagation===
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| image = Scilla siberica0.jpg
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| image_width = 250px
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| image_caption = Siberian Squill (''Scilla siberica'')
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===Pests and diseases===
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
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| familia = [[Hyacinthaceae]]
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| genus = '''''Scilla'''''
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| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
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| subdivision =  
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See text.
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}}
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'''''Scilla''''' ('''squill''') is a [[genus]] of [[Bulb|bulb-forming]] perennial herbs in the [[Hyacinthaceae]]. The 90-odd species are found in woodlands, subalpine meadows, and seashores across the Old World. Their [[flower]]s are usually blue, but white, pink, and purple types are known; most flower in early spring, but a few are autumn-flowering.
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Several [[African]] species previously classified in ''Scilla'' have been removed to the genus ''[[Ledebouria]]''.  The best known of these is the common houseplant still sometimes known as ''Scilla violacea'' but now properly ''Ledebouria socialis''.
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==Species==
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Species include:
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{{col-begin}}
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* ''[[Scilla amoena]]'' ([[Star Squill]]/[[Star Hyacinth]])
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{{col-break}}
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* ''[[Scilla autumnalis]]'' ([[Autumn Squill]])
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* ''[[Scilla amoena]]''<br /><small>Star Squill, Star Hyacinth</small>
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* ''[[Scilla bifolia]]'' ([[Alpine Squill]])
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* ''Scilla autumnalis''<br /><small>Autumn Squill: see ''[[Prospero autumnale]]''</small>
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* ''[[Scilla bithynica]]'' ([[Bithynian Squill]])
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* ''[[Scilla bifolia]]''<br /><small>Alpine Squill</small>
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* ''[[Scilla bithynica]]''<br /><small>Bithynian Squill</small>
 
* ''[[Scilla buekkensis]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla buekkensis]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla cilicica]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla cilicica]]''
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* ''[[Scilla hyacinthoides]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla hyacinthoides]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla kladnii]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla kladnii]]''
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* ''[[Scilla liliohyacinthus]]'' ([[Pyrenean Squill]])
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* ''[[Scilla liliohyacinthus]]''<br /><small>Pyrenean Squill</small>
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* ''[[Scilla litardierei]]''
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* ''[[Scilla pratensis]]''<br /><small>Amethyst Meadow Squill: syn. ''Scilla amethystina'', ''Scilla litardieri''</small>
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* ''[[Scilla maritima]]''
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* ''Scilla maritima''<br /><small>Sea Squill: see ''[[Urginea maritima]]''</small>
 
* ''[[Scilla messeniaca]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla messeniaca]]''
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* ''[[Scilla mischtschenkoana]]'' (Tubergen Squill)
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{{col-break}}
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* ''[[Scilla mischtschenkoana]]''<br /><small>Tubergen Squill</small>
 
* ''[[Scilla monophyllos]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla monophyllos]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla natalensis]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla natalensis]]''
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* ''[[Scilla nutans]]''<br /><small>[[common bluebell]] (''Hyacinthoides non-scripta'')]''</small>
 
* ''[[Scilla persica]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla persica]]''
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* ''[[Scilla peruviana]]'' ([[Portuguese Squill]]/[[Corymbose Squill]]/[[Cuban Lily]])
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* ''[[Scilla peruviana]]''<br /><small>[[Portuguese Squill]], Corymbose Squill, Cuban Lily</small>
 
* ''[[Scilla puschkinioides]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla puschkinioides]]''
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* ''[[Scilla ramburei]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla rosenii]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla rosenii]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla scilloides]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla scilloides]]''
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* ''[[Scilla siberica]]'' ([[Siberian squill|Siberian Squill]])
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* ''Scilla siberica''<br /><small>[[Siberian squill]]</small>
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* ''[[Scilla siehei]]''
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* ''Scilla siehei''<br /><small>Glory-of-the-snow: see ''[[Chionodoxa siehei]]''</small>
 
* ''[[Scilla spetana]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla spetana]]''
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* ''Scilla verna'' (Spring Squill)
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* ''[[Scilla verna]]''<br /><small>Spring Squill</small>
 
* ''[[Scilla vindobonensis]]''
 
* ''[[Scilla vindobonensis]]''
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{{col-end}}
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''Scilla peruviana'' is of interest for its name; it is a native of southwest [[Europe]], ''not'' of [[Peru]]. The name results from when [[Carolus Linnaeus]] described the species in [[1753]]; he was given specimens imported from [[Spain]] aboard a [[ship]] named ''Peru'', and was misled into thinking the specimens had come from that country. The [[International Code of Botanical Nomenclature|rules of botanical naming]] do not allow a scientific name to be changed merely because it is potentially confusing.
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==Gallery==
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<gallery perrow=5>
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===Cultivation and uses===
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Many species, notably ''S. siberica'', are grown in [[garden]]s for their attractive early spring flowers.
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
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Squill liquid extract, a preparation of powdered squill and [[ethanol]], is used as an ingredient in [[cough medicine]]s and [[Heart#Diseases and treatments|cardiac surgery]].
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==References==
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<references/>
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
    
==External links==
 
==External links==
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{{commonscat|Scilla}}
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*{{wplink}}
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* [http://www.henriettesherbal.com/eclectic/bpc1911/urginea.html British Pharmaceutical Codex]
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* [http://www.henriettesherbal.com/eclectic/kings/urginea-mari.html King's American Dispensatory]
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* http://www.plantzafrica.com
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[[Category:Hyacinthaceae]]
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Flowers]]
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__NOTOC__
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