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Acanthus (view source)

Revision as of 18:49, 22 June 2009

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Acanthus''
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| common_names = Acanthus, Bear's breeches
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| growth_habit = herbaceous
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = temperate [[Old World]]
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan = perennial
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = AcanthusmollisPalatineHill.jpg
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = Acanthus mollis
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| regnum = Plantae
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|unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
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|unranked_classis = Eudicots
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|unranked_ordo = Asterids
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|ordo = Lamiales
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|familia = Acanthaceae
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|genus = Acanthus
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}}
 
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Acanthus (akanthos, thorn). Acanthaceae. Bear's Breech. A genus of twenty species of temperate Old World, mostly hardy herbaceous perennials of vigorous growth and broad pinnatifid foliage, suitable for backgrounds of borders and subtropical effects.
 
Acanthus (akanthos, thorn). Acanthaceae. Bear's Breech. A genus of twenty species of temperate Old World, mostly hardy herbaceous perennials of vigorous growth and broad pinnatifid foliage, suitable for backgrounds of borders and subtropical effects.
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They need a rich, light, well-drained soil and much sunshine. Excessive moisture is fatal, especially in winter and spring. Fall-planted stock should always be protected for the winter by long litter or evergreen boughs, even where established plants are hardy. Must be deeply mulched north in winter. Propagation is by division in spring or early autumn, and by seeds.
 
They need a rich, light, well-drained soil and much sunshine. Excessive moisture is fatal, especially in winter and spring. Fall-planted stock should always be protected for the winter by long litter or evergreen boughs, even where established plants are hardy. Must be deeply mulched north in winter. Propagation is by division in spring or early autumn, and by seeds.
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It is supposed that acanthus leaves afforded the suggestion for the foliage decoration on the capital of the Corinthian and other columns. Fig. 85 shows the conventionalized decoration, and Fig. 86 the form of leaf of A. spinosus. The leaves of A. mollis were probably also involved in variations of decoration.
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It is supposed that acanthus leaves afforded the suggestion for the foliage decoration on the capital of the Corinthian and other columns. Fig. 85 shows the conventionalized decoration, and Fig. 86 the form of leaf of A. spinosus. The leaves of A. mollis were probably also involved in variations of decoration.{{SCH}}
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}}
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}}
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==Cultivation==
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{{Taxobox
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = ''Acanthus''
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| image = Acanthus montanus3.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_caption = ''[[Acanthus montanus]]''
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| regnum = [[Plantae]]
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Lamiales]]
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| familia = [[Acanthaceae]]
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| genus = '''''Acanthus'''''
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| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
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| subdivision = See text
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}}
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'''''Acanthus''''' is a [[genus]] of about 30 species of [[flowering plant]]s in the family [[Acanthaceae]], native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the [[Old World]], with the highest species diversity in the [[Mediterranean region]] and [[Asia]]. Common names include '''Acanthus''' and '''Bear's breeches'''.
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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The genus comprises [[herbaceous]] [[perennial plant]]s, rarely [[subshrub]]s, with spiny leaves and flower [[raceme|spikes]] bearing white or purplish flowers. Size varies from 40 cm, up to 2 m tall.
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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;Selected species
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==Species==
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Selected species{{wp}}:
 
*''[[Acanthus balcanicus]]''
 
*''[[Acanthus balcanicus]]''
 
*''[[Acanthus dioscoridis]]''
 
*''[[Acanthus dioscoridis]]''
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*''[[Acanthus ebracteatus]]''
 
*''[[Acanthus eminens]]''
 
*''[[Acanthus eminens]]''
 
*''[[Acanthus hirsutus]]''
 
*''[[Acanthus hirsutus]]''
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*''[[Acanthus syriacus]]''
 
*''[[Acanthus syriacus]]''
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===Cultivation and uses===
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==Gallery==
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[[Image:AcanthusmollisPalatineHill.jpg|thumb|left|''Acanthus mollis'' flowering in the ruins of the [[Palatine Hill]], Rome, May 2005]]
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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Several species, especially ''A. spinosa'' and ''A. mollis'', are grown as [[ornamental plant]]s.
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The foliage is the basis of a style of architectural ornamentation; see [[acanthus (ornament)]]. <br clear = left>
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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Image:Acanthus montanus3.jpg|Acanthus montanus
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</gallery>
    
==References==
 
==References==
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{{Wikispecies|Acanthus}}
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Acanthus&SPECIES_XREF=&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Acanthus'']
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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*[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?61 Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Acanthus'']
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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*[http://www.dipbot.unict.it/orto/0359-1.html Images of Acanthus]
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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[[Category:Acanthaceae]]
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