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Reed canary grass (view source)

Revision as of 20:09, 9 July 2009

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{{Taxobox
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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| color = lightgreen
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| name = ''Reed canary grass''
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| name = Reed canary grass
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| common_names = Reed canary grass
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
 
| image = Rietgras bloeiwijze Phalaris arundinacea.jpg
 
| image = Rietgras bloeiwijze Phalaris arundinacea.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_width = 180px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
 
| image_caption = Reed canary grass inflorescence
 
| image_caption = Reed canary grass inflorescence
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = [[Poales]]
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| ordo = Poales
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| familia = [[Poaceae]]
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| familia = Poaceae
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| genus = ''[[Phalaris (grass)|Phalaris]]''
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| genus = Phalaris
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| species = '''''arundinacea'''''
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| species = arundinacea
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| binomial = ''Phalaris arundinacea''
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| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
   
}}
 
}}
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{{Inc|
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Phalaris arundinacea, Linn. Reed Canary-Grass. A tall perennial (2-6 ft.), with flat 1/2in.-wide lvs. and an elongated spike-like panicle (open in anthesis) of whitish spikelets, native throughout northern Amer. in wet ground, where it is an important forage grass.—Recommended for planting in parks and grounds along the banks of streams or artificial ponds.
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'''Reed canary grass''' (''Phalaris arundinacea'') is a tall, coarse-looking [[Perennial plant|perennial]] grass that commonly forms extensive single-species stands along the margins of lakes and streams and in wet open areas, with a wide distribution in [[Europe]], [[Asia]], northern [[Africa]] and [[North America]].
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Var. picta, Linn. (var. variegata, Hort.). Ribbon- Grass. Gardener's Garters. Lvs. longitudinally striped with white. Commonly cult, for ornament and sometimes run wild about old places.
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{{SCH}}
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}}
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==Cultivation==
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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[[Image:Rietgras planten Phalaris arundinacea.jpg|left|thumb|Foliage and stems]]
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==Species==
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The stems can reach 2 m in height. The [[leaf]] blades are blue-green when fresh and straw-colored when dry. The [[flower]]s are borne on the stem high above the leaves and are pinkish at full bloom.
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<!-- This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
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A number of [[cultivar]]s of ''P. arundinacea'' have been selected for use as [[ornamental plant]]s, including variegated (striped) cultivars &ndash; sometimes called '''ribbon grass''' &ndash; such as Dwarfs Garters and Strawberries and Cream. The latter gets its name from the large white stripes and pinkish color that appears on the leaves at varying times. When grown, although drought tolerant, it likes abundant water and can even be grown as an aquatic plant.
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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In many places, reed canary grass is an [[invasive species]] in wetlands, particularly in disturbed areas. It is also planted as a [[hay]] crop or for forage. Furthermore it provides fibers which find use in pulp and papermaking processes.
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
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Leaves of ''P. arundinacea'' contain [[Dimethyltryptamine|DMT]], [[5-MeO-DMT]] and related compounds ([http://deoxy.org/trypfaq.htm#phalaris Smith 1977]).  
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==References and external links ==
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==External links==
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*[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?27512 Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
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*{{wplink}}
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*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Phalaris+&SPECIES_XREF=arundinacea&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
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*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200025869 Flora of China: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
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*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=PHAR3 USDA Plants Database: ''Phalaris arundinacea'']
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*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?8738,9179,9182 Jepson Manual Treatment - taxonomy and distribution within California]
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*[http://www.erowid.org/plants/phalaris/ Images and information about alkaloid extraction on Erowid]
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{{Commons|Phalaris arundinacea}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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[[Category:Grasses]]
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<!--  in order to add all the proper categories, go to http://www.plants.am/wiki/Plant_Categories and copy/paste the contents of the page here, and then follow the easy instructions!    -->
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[[Category:Herbal and fungal hallucinogens]]
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[[Category:Psychedelic tryptamine carriers]]
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[[Category:Flora of Asia]]
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[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
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[[Category:Flora of North America]]
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[[Category:Invasive species]]
 
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