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Laurus (view source)

Revision as of 15:36, 13 July 2009

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Laurus''
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| common_names = Laurel
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| growth_habit = tree
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan = perennial
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Forest Los Tilos La Palma.jpg
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| image_width = 180px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = ''Laurus novocanariensis'' forest
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = Laurales
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| familia = Lauraceae
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| genus = Laurus
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}}
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'''''Laurus''''' is a genus of [[evergreen]] [[tree]]s belonging to the Laurel family, [[Lauraceae]].
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*'''''Laurus azorica''''', [[synonymy|syn.]] ''L. canariensis''. Known as Azores Laurel.
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*'''''Laurus nobilis''''' [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]], known commonly as [[Bay Laurel]], True Laurel, Sweet Bay, Grecian Laurel, or simply Laurel, is the source of the spice [[Bay leaf]]. It was also the source of the Laurel wreath of ancient [[Greece]].
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*'''''Laurus novocanariensis'''''. '''Madeira and Canary Laurel'''.
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{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
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Old text:
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Laurus (the ancient name). Lauraceae. Laurel. Sweet Bay. The laurel or sweet bay tree of the florists is the most universal of evergreen tub-plants.
 
Laurus (the ancient name). Lauraceae. Laurel. Sweet Bay. The laurel or sweet bay tree of the florists is the most universal of evergreen tub-plants.
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As a rule, bay trees are not good house plants. They do not like the dry heat of a dwelling. They can, however, stand considerable heat if they have plenty of fresh air and plenty of water. In spring and early summer, when they are making and finishing their growth, they can stand any quantity of liquid manure or of strong manure mulching, for they are great feeders. The cured leaves of the sweet bay are used in putting up packages of rice, and impart a rich and agreeable aroma.
 
As a rule, bay trees are not good house plants. They do not like the dry heat of a dwelling. They can, however, stand considerable heat if they have plenty of fresh air and plenty of water. In spring and early summer, when they are making and finishing their growth, they can stand any quantity of liquid manure or of strong manure mulching, for they are great feeders. The cured leaves of the sweet bay are used in putting up packages of rice, and impart a rich and agreeable aroma.
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{{SCH}}
 
}}
 
}}
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{{Taxobox
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==Cultivation==
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| color = lightgreen
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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| name = ''Laurus''
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| image = Forest Los Tilos La Palma.jpg
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| image_width = 240px
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| image_caption = ''Laurus novocanariensis'' forest, Los Tilos, [[La Palma]]
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| divisio = [[flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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| classis = [[dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Laurales]]
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| familia = [[Lauraceae]]
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| genus = '''''Laurus'''''
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| genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
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| subdivision_ranks = Species
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| subdivision =
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''Laurus azorica'' &nbsp; '''Azores Laurel'''<br/>
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''Laurus nobilis'' &nbsp; '''[[Bay Laurel]]'''<br/>
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''Laurus novocanariensis'' &nbsp; '''Madeira and Canary Laurel'''
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}}
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:''This article is about the Laurus tree. For information on the literary journal, see ''[[Laurus Magazine]]''.
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===Propagation===
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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'''''Laurus''''' is a genus of [[evergreen]] [[tree]]s belonging to the Laurel family, [[Lauraceae]]. The genus includes three species, whose diagnostic key characters often overlap (Mabberley 1997).
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===Pests and diseases===
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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*'''''Laurus azorica''''' (Seub.) Franco, [[synonymy|syn.]] ''L. canariensis'' Webb & Berth. Known as Azores Laurel, or by the Portuguese names ''Louro, Loureiro, Louro-da-terra'', and ''Louro-de-cheiro'', is native to the [[laurisilva]] forests of the [[Azores]].
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==Species==
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*'''''Laurus nobilis''''' [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]], known commonly as [[Bay Laurel]], True Laurel, Sweet Bay, Grecian Laurel, or simply Laurel, is the source of the spice [[Bay leaf]]. It was also the source of the [[Laurel wreath]] of ancient [[Greece]]. It is distributed across the [[Mediterranean region]] from [[Spain]] to [[Greece]].
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<!--  This section should be renamed Cultivars if it appears on a page for a species (rather than genus), or perhaps Varieties if there is a mix of cultivars, species, hybrids, etc    -->
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*'''''Laurus novocanariensis''''' Rivas Mart., Lousã, Fern. Prieto, E.Díaz, J.C. Costa & C. Aguiar, also known as the same portuguese names as ''L. azorica'', is native to the [[laurisilva]] forests of [[Madeira Islands]] and [[Canary Islands]], and also locally in [[Morocco]].
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Fossils dating from before the [[ice age]]s show that species of ''Laurus'' were formerly distributed more widely around the Mediterranean and [[North Africa]], when the climate was more humid and mild than at present. It is currently thought that the drying of the Mediterranean basin during the ice ages caused ''Laurus'' to retreat to the mildest climate refuges, including southern [[Spain]], [[Portugal]] and the [[Macaronesia]]n islands. With the end of the last ice age, ''L. nobilis'' recovered some of its former range around the Mediterranean.
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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A recent study found that native stands classified as ''L. nobilis'' in northern Spain shared greater genetic and morphological similarity to ''L. azorica'' than to populations of ''L. nobilis'' native to [[France]] and [[Italy]] [Arroyo-Garcia et al  2001].
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Upload.png| photo 3
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</gallery>
    
==References==
 
==References==
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*Arroyo-García, R., Martínez-Zapater, J.M., Fernández Prieto, J.A., & Álvarez-Arbesú R. (2001). AFLP evaluation of genetic similarity among laurel populations. ''Euphytica'' 122 (1): 155-164.
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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*Barbero, M., Benabid, A., Peyre, C. & Quezel, P. (1981). Sur la presence au Maroc de ''Laurus azorica'' (Seub.) Franco. ''Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid'' 37 (2): 467-472. Available [http://www.rjb.csic.es/pdfs/Anales_37(2)_467_472.pdf online] (pdf file; in French).
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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*Costa, J. C., Capelo, J., Jardim, R., Sequeira, M., (2004). Catálogo Florístico do Arquipélago da Madeira. ''Quercetea'' 6, 187-200.
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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*Mabberley, D.J (1997). The Plant Book: a Portable Dictionary of the Vascular Plants. Second edition, pp. 393-394.
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
    
==External links==
 
==External links==
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* [http://www.horta.uac.pt/species/plantae/Laurus_azorica/Laurus_azorica.htm Photos of ''L. azorica'']
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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[[Category:Laurales]]
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