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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Sparaxis''
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| common_names = Harlequin Flower, Wandflower
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = ?  <!--- 1m (3 ft) -->
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan =    <!--- perennial, annual, etc -->
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Sparaxis-IMG 8734.jpg
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = Wandflower, ''[[Sparaxis tricolor]]''
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Liliopsida
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| ordo = Asparagales
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| familia = Iridaceae
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| genus = Sparaxis
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}}
 
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Sparaxis (Greek word referring to the torn or lacerated spathes, a character which distinguishes this genus from Tritonia). Iridaceae. Wand-flower. Bulbs or corms with fibrous coating, the plants suitable for outdoor planting but grown mostly under glass.  
 
Sparaxis (Greek word referring to the torn or lacerated spathes, a character which distinguishes this genus from Tritonia). Iridaceae. Wand-flower. Bulbs or corms with fibrous coating, the plants suitable for outdoor planting but grown mostly under glass.  
 
Stems simple or slightly branched: lvs. few, flat, sword-like or broadly linear, erect or falcate: spathes few, remote or sometimes solitary, broad-striate or frequently marked with short brown lines: fls. 1 to a spathe, sessile, rather large, yellow; perianth-tube short and slender, 6-lobed; ovary 3-celled: caps. membranaceous, ovoid or oblong, included in the spathe.—About 3 species, Cape Colony, S. Afr. Sparaxis is a group of spring-blooming Cape bulbs of the Ixia tribe, with spikes of 6-petaled, more or less funnel-shaped fls. 1-2 in. across and exhibiting an extraordinary range of color and throat - markings. These plants are less popular than ixias, which they much resemble. The plants are dwarfer and more compact than ixias, usually 6-12 in. high, the spikes are shorter and fewer-fld., and the blossoms are sometimes larger. Sparaxis is essentially distinguished from Ixia and other allied genera by the subregular perianth, unilateral and arcuate stamens, and scarious lacerated spathe-valves.
 
Stems simple or slightly branched: lvs. few, flat, sword-like or broadly linear, erect or falcate: spathes few, remote or sometimes solitary, broad-striate or frequently marked with short brown lines: fls. 1 to a spathe, sessile, rather large, yellow; perianth-tube short and slender, 6-lobed; ovary 3-celled: caps. membranaceous, ovoid or oblong, included in the spathe.—About 3 species, Cape Colony, S. Afr. Sparaxis is a group of spring-blooming Cape bulbs of the Ixia tribe, with spikes of 6-petaled, more or less funnel-shaped fls. 1-2 in. across and exhibiting an extraordinary range of color and throat - markings. These plants are less popular than ixias, which they much resemble. The plants are dwarfer and more compact than ixias, usually 6-12 in. high, the spikes are shorter and fewer-fld., and the blossoms are sometimes larger. Sparaxis is essentially distinguished from Ixia and other allied genera by the subregular perianth, unilateral and arcuate stamens, and scarious lacerated spathe-valves.
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Although a few plants of sparaxis are occasionally cultivated in America by bulb-fanciers, one may search through many American catalogues without finding them listed. The Dutch bulb-growers offer twenty-five distinct kinds, which is perhaps a quarter of the number of varieties of ixias in cultivation. According to J. G. Baker, there is "only one species in a broad sense, varying indefinitely in the size and coloring of the flowers." For practical purposes Baker recognizes the three species given below; of these the most important and variable is S. tricolor. Sparaxis pulcherrima of the Dutch trade is properly Dierama pulcherrima, Baker. This grows as much as 6 feet high and has pendulous bright blood-purple flowers but apparently with pale rose and perhaps other varieties (also a white variety). It is distinguished by its pendulous flowers with regular perianth, simple style-branches, equilateral stamens, and large bracts which are not laciniate. B.M. 5555. F.S. 17:1810. Gn. 20:588; 44, p. 281. G. 16:386; 29:197. G.L. 27:152. This plant is said by F. W. Burbidge to be "perhaps the most graceful of all the Cape irids." (See Vol. II, page 1007.)
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Although a few plants of sparaxis are occasionally cultivated in America by bulb-fanciers, one may search through many American catalogues without finding them listed. The Dutch bulb-growers offer twenty-five distinct kinds, which is perhaps a quarter of the number of varieties of ixias in cultivation. According to J. G. Baker, there is "only one species in a broad sense, varying indefinitely in the size and coloring of the flowers." For practical purposes Baker recognizes the three species given below; of these the most important and variable is S. tricolor. Sparaxis pulcherrima of the Dutch trade is properly Dierama pulcherrima, Baker. This grows as much as 6 feet high and has pendulous bright blood-purple flowers but apparently with pale rose and perhaps other varieties (also a white variety). It is distinguished by its pendulous flowers with regular perianth, simple style-branches, equilateral stamens, and large bracts which are not laciniate.
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{{SCH}}
 
}}
 
}}
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{{Taxobox
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==Cultivation==
| name = ''Sparaxis''
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
| image = Sparaxis-IMG 8734.jpg
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| image_width = 250px
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===Propagation===
| image_caption = Wandflower, ''[[Sparaxis tricolor]]''
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
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| divisio = [[flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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===Pests and diseases===
| classis = [[monocotyledon|Liliopsida]]
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
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| familia = [[Iridaceae]]
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==Species==
| genus = '''''Sparaxis'''''
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about 13 species{{wp}}
| genus_authority = [[John Bellenden Ker Gawler|Ker Gawl.]]
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*''[[Sparaxis bulbifera]]'' is the commonest in cultivation, with flowers from cream to yellow or purple. {{wp}}
| subdivision_ranks = Species
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*''[[Sparaxis grandiflora]]'' is a similar to S. bulbifera but larger plant. {{wp}}
| subdivision =
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*''[[Sparaxis tricolor]]'' has bright red flowers with yellow and black centres. {{wp}}
See text.
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}}
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[[Image:Sparaxis-IMG 8733.jpg|thumb|300px|Sparaxis plants]]
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Many named hybrid [[cultivar]]s were bred from ''S. bulbifera'' and ''S. tricolor''. {{wp}}
[[Image:Sparaxis-IMG 8847.jpg|thumb|300px|Sparaxis plants]]
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'''''Sparaxis''''' (Harlequin Flower) is a genus in the family [[Iridaceae]] with about 13 species endemic to [[Cape Province]], [[South Africa]].
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A group of species with asymmetrical flowers marked in mauve and yellow, including ''[[Sparaxis variegata]]'' and ''[[Sparaxis villosa]]'', was formerly treated as the genus ''Synnotia''.{{wp}}
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All are perennials that grow during the wet winter season, flower in spring and survive underground as dormant [[corm]]s over summer. Their conspicuous flowers have six [[tepal]]s, which in most species are equal in size and shape.
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==Gallery==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery -->
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''[[Sparaxis bulbifera]]'' is the commonest in cultivation, with flowers from cream to yellow or purple. ''S. grandiflora'' is a similar but larger plant. ''[[Sparaxis tricolor]]'' has bright red flowers with yellow and black centres. Many named hybrid [[cultivar]]s were bred from ''S. bulbifera'' and ''S. tricolor''. 
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Sparaxis-IMG 8733.jpg|Sparaxis plants
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Image:Sparaxis-IMG 8847.jpg|Sparaxis plants
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</gallery>
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A group of species with asymmetrical flowers marked in mauve and yellow, including ''[[Sparaxis variegata]]'' and ''[[Sparaxis villosa]]'', was formerly treated as the genus ''Synnotia''.
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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==External links==
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*{{wplink}}
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== References ==
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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Goldblatt, P. (1999) ''Sparaxis''. Flora of Southern Africa 7: 151-169.
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