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:''There is also the community of [[Pin Oak, West Virginia]], USA.''
{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Pin oak
| status = {{StatusSecure}}
| image =
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = Pin oak foliage and acorns
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[eudicotyledon|Rosopsida]]
| ordo = [[Fagales]]
| familia = [[Fagaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Oak|Quercus]]''
| species = '''''Q. palustris'''''
| binomial = ''Quercus palustris''
| binomial_authority = [[Otto von Münchhausen|Muenchh.]]
}}
The '''Pin oak''' or '''Swamp Spanish oak''' (''Quercus palustris'') is an [[oak]] in the [[List of Quercus species#Section Lobatae|red oak]] section ''Quercus'' sect. ''Lobatae''. It is native to eastern [[North America]], mainly in the [[Eastern United States|eastern]] [[United States]] from [[Connecticut]] west to eastern [[Kansas]], and south to [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] across to eastern [[Oklahoma]]; it is also native in the extreme south of [[Ontario]], [[Canada]].
[[Image:988TerraceBoulevardFall.jpg|thumb|left|60-70 year old Pin Oak displaying fall coloration]]
It is a medium-sized [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 25-30 m tall, with a trunk up to 1 m diameter. The crown is broad conic when young, with numerous small branches radiating out from a central leader. When older, some upper branches become quite large and the central leader is lost, while the lower branches gradually droop downwards.
The [[leaf|leaves]] are 5-16 cm long and 5-12 cm broad, lobed, with five or seven lobes, and deep sinuses between the lobes. Each lobe has 5-7 bristle-tipped teeth. The leaf is mostly hairless, except for a very characteristic tuft of pale orange-brown down on the lower surface where each lobe vein joins the central vein. The [[acorn]]s, borne in a shallow cup, are hemispherical, 10-16 mm long and 9-15 mm broad, green maturing pale brown about 18 months after [[pollination]]; the kernel is very bitter.
It is not a long-lived tree, usually living only 90 to 120 years. It is naturally a [[wetland]] tree, and develops a shallow, fibrous [[root]] system, unlike many [[oak]]s, which have a strong, deep taproot when young. It is confined to [[acid]]ic soils, and does not tolerate [[limestone]], and grows at low altitudes from sea level up to 350 m. The specific name ''palustris'' means "of [[swamp]]s".
A feature of Pin oak (shared by a few other oak species, and also some [[beech]]es and [[hornbeam]]s) is the retention of leaves through the winter on juvenile tissue. Young trees under 6 m (20 feet) will often be covered with leaves year-round, though the leaves die in the fall, remaining attached to the shoots until the new leaves appear in the spring. As with many other [[oak]] species, dead Pin oak branches will stay on the tree for many years.
===Uses===
The bark was used by some [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]] tribes to make a drink for treatment of intestinal pain.
Pin oak is one of the most popular [[ornamental tree]]s in the United States. The fibrous root system makes it easy to transplant, and thereby cheap to propagate, compared to most other oaks. However, because the tree is adapted for wet, acid soils, it may suffer a condition called ''iron chlorosis'', in which the foliage yellows, when planted in drier, alkaline, and [[iron]]-poor soils. The drooping lower branches can also be a problem, interfering with access for traffic and pedestrians.
The [[wood]] is generally marketed as [[red oak]], but is of significantly inferior quality, being somewhat weaker, often with many small knots.
The name "pin oak" is possibly due to the many small, slender twigs, but may also be from the historical use of the hard wood for pins in wooden building construction (Harlow 1942).
==References and external links==
{{commons|Quercus palustris}}
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=210001860 Flora of North America: ''Quercus palustris'']
*[http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/qupa2.htm ''Quercus palustris'' images at bioimages.
vanderbilt.edu]
*Harlow, W. M. (1942). ''Trees of the Eastern and Central United States and Canada''.
<gallery>
Image:fall_tree.png|Pin Oak crown showing radial symmetry
Image:quercus palustris.jpg|Pin oak form, with ascending upper branches and drooping lower branches
Image:Bark pin oak 8752.jpg|Detail of mature bark
Image:Quepal07.jpg|Section through trunk, showing knots
</gallery>
[[Category:Fagaceae|Oak, Pin]]
[[Category:Trees of Eastern United States|Oak, Pin]]
{{Taxobox
| color = lightgreen
| name = Pin oak
| status = {{StatusSecure}}
| image =
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = Pin oak foliage and acorns
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[eudicotyledon|Rosopsida]]
| ordo = [[Fagales]]
| familia = [[Fagaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Oak|Quercus]]''
| species = '''''Q. palustris'''''
| binomial = ''Quercus palustris''
| binomial_authority = [[Otto von Münchhausen|Muenchh.]]
}}
The '''Pin oak''' or '''Swamp Spanish oak''' (''Quercus palustris'') is an [[oak]] in the [[List of Quercus species#Section Lobatae|red oak]] section ''Quercus'' sect. ''Lobatae''. It is native to eastern [[North America]], mainly in the [[Eastern United States|eastern]] [[United States]] from [[Connecticut]] west to eastern [[Kansas]], and south to [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] across to eastern [[Oklahoma]]; it is also native in the extreme south of [[Ontario]], [[Canada]].
[[Image:988TerraceBoulevardFall.jpg|thumb|left|60-70 year old Pin Oak displaying fall coloration]]
It is a medium-sized [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 25-30 m tall, with a trunk up to 1 m diameter. The crown is broad conic when young, with numerous small branches radiating out from a central leader. When older, some upper branches become quite large and the central leader is lost, while the lower branches gradually droop downwards.
The [[leaf|leaves]] are 5-16 cm long and 5-12 cm broad, lobed, with five or seven lobes, and deep sinuses between the lobes. Each lobe has 5-7 bristle-tipped teeth. The leaf is mostly hairless, except for a very characteristic tuft of pale orange-brown down on the lower surface where each lobe vein joins the central vein. The [[acorn]]s, borne in a shallow cup, are hemispherical, 10-16 mm long and 9-15 mm broad, green maturing pale brown about 18 months after [[pollination]]; the kernel is very bitter.
It is not a long-lived tree, usually living only 90 to 120 years. It is naturally a [[wetland]] tree, and develops a shallow, fibrous [[root]] system, unlike many [[oak]]s, which have a strong, deep taproot when young. It is confined to [[acid]]ic soils, and does not tolerate [[limestone]], and grows at low altitudes from sea level up to 350 m. The specific name ''palustris'' means "of [[swamp]]s".
A feature of Pin oak (shared by a few other oak species, and also some [[beech]]es and [[hornbeam]]s) is the retention of leaves through the winter on juvenile tissue. Young trees under 6 m (20 feet) will often be covered with leaves year-round, though the leaves die in the fall, remaining attached to the shoots until the new leaves appear in the spring. As with many other [[oak]] species, dead Pin oak branches will stay on the tree for many years.
===Uses===
The bark was used by some [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]] tribes to make a drink for treatment of intestinal pain.
Pin oak is one of the most popular [[ornamental tree]]s in the United States. The fibrous root system makes it easy to transplant, and thereby cheap to propagate, compared to most other oaks. However, because the tree is adapted for wet, acid soils, it may suffer a condition called ''iron chlorosis'', in which the foliage yellows, when planted in drier, alkaline, and [[iron]]-poor soils. The drooping lower branches can also be a problem, interfering with access for traffic and pedestrians.
The [[wood]] is generally marketed as [[red oak]], but is of significantly inferior quality, being somewhat weaker, often with many small knots.
The name "pin oak" is possibly due to the many small, slender twigs, but may also be from the historical use of the hard wood for pins in wooden building construction (Harlow 1942).
==References and external links==
{{commons|Quercus palustris}}
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=210001860 Flora of North America: ''Quercus palustris'']
*[http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/qupa2.htm ''Quercus palustris'' images at bioimages.
vanderbilt.edu]
*Harlow, W. M. (1942). ''Trees of the Eastern and Central United States and Canada''.
<gallery>
Image:fall_tree.png|Pin Oak crown showing radial symmetry
Image:quercus palustris.jpg|Pin oak form, with ascending upper branches and drooping lower branches
Image:Bark pin oak 8752.jpg|Detail of mature bark
Image:Quepal07.jpg|Section through trunk, showing knots
</gallery>
[[Category:Fagaceae|Oak, Pin]]
[[Category:Trees of Eastern United States|Oak, Pin]]
