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Thunbergia (view source)

Revision as of 19:04, 21 August 2009

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__NOTOC__{{Plantbox
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| name = ''Thunbergia''
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| common_names =    <!--- if multiple, list all, if none, leave blank -->
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| growth_habit = ?  <!--- tree, shrub, herbaceous, vine, etc -->
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| high = 2-8 m (? ft){{wp}}
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| wide =    <!--- 65cm (25 inches) -->
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| origin = ?  <!--- Mexico, S America, S Europe, garden, etc -->
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| poisonous =    <!--- indicate parts of plants which are known/thought to be poisonous -->
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| lifespan = perennials, annuals
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| exposure = ?  <!--- full sun, part-sun, semi-shade, shade, indoors, bright filtered (you may list more than 1) -->
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| water = ?  <!--- frequent, regular, moderate, drought tolerant, let dry then soak -->
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| features =    <!--- flowers, fragrance, fruit, naturalizes, invasive -->
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| hardiness =    <!--- frost sensitive, hardy, 5°C (40°F), etc -->
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| bloom =    <!--- seasons which the plant blooms, if it is grown for its flowers -->
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| usda_zones = ?  <!--- eg. 8-11 -->
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| sunset_zones =    <!--- eg. 8, 9, 12-24, not available -->
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| color = IndianRed
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| image = Thunbergia alata.JPG
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| image_width = 240px    <!--- leave as 240px if horizontal orientation photo, or change to 180px if vertical -->
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| image_caption = Flowers of ''Thunbergia alata''
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| regnum = Plantae
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| divisio = Magnoliophyta
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| classis = Magnoliopsida
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| ordo = Lamiales
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| familia = Acanthaceae
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| genus = Thunbergia
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}}
 
{{Inc|
 
{{Inc|
 
Thunbergia (after Karl Peter Thunberg, professor of botany at Upsala and successor to Rudbeck and Linnaeus; died 1828). Acanthaceae. Mostly tall perennial climbers producing flowers in great profusion; greenhouse, and in the open far South.
 
Thunbergia (after Karl Peter Thunberg, professor of botany at Upsala and successor to Rudbeck and Linnaeus; died 1828). Acanthaceae. Mostly tall perennial climbers producing flowers in great profusion; greenhouse, and in the open far South.
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Thunbergias and allamandas are great favorites in central and southern Florida, being used on verandas, arbors, small trees, old stumps, trellises and buildings. Of the blue-flowered kinds T. grandiflora is hardiest and commonest. It has large heart-shaped leaves which overlap one another in a charming manner. It blooms from September until Christmas, the flowers being light blue and rather dull. The form of T. laurifolia known to the trade as T. Harrisii, has nearly sky-blue flowers, of a deeper but brighter hue than the preceding. It is a taller-growing and choicer plant, and has ten or more flowers in a raceme, while those of T. grandiflora are solitary in the axils. T. fragrans is the common white-flowered kind. The form cultivated in Florida is probably var. vestita, as the blossoms are not fragrant. T. alata is a general favorite. The flowers range from buff and white to orange with a deep purplish brown throat, the last form being the most popular. This species is killed to the ground by sharp frost every winter but sprouts vigorously the following spring. It also comes up from self-sown seed. This species grows only 7 to 8 feet high. All the thunbergias mentioned above are easily raised from cuttings or layers in summer. T. erecta is not a climber but has a somewhat straggling habit. It has small dark green leaves and large deep purplish blue gloxinia-like flowers which are white at the base. There is a pure white variety of it. It blooms all summer and autumn. It is readily raised from cuttings during the rainy season.
 
Thunbergias and allamandas are great favorites in central and southern Florida, being used on verandas, arbors, small trees, old stumps, trellises and buildings. Of the blue-flowered kinds T. grandiflora is hardiest and commonest. It has large heart-shaped leaves which overlap one another in a charming manner. It blooms from September until Christmas, the flowers being light blue and rather dull. The form of T. laurifolia known to the trade as T. Harrisii, has nearly sky-blue flowers, of a deeper but brighter hue than the preceding. It is a taller-growing and choicer plant, and has ten or more flowers in a raceme, while those of T. grandiflora are solitary in the axils. T. fragrans is the common white-flowered kind. The form cultivated in Florida is probably var. vestita, as the blossoms are not fragrant. T. alata is a general favorite. The flowers range from buff and white to orange with a deep purplish brown throat, the last form being the most popular. This species is killed to the ground by sharp frost every winter but sprouts vigorously the following spring. It also comes up from self-sown seed. This species grows only 7 to 8 feet high. All the thunbergias mentioned above are easily raised from cuttings or layers in summer. T. erecta is not a climber but has a somewhat straggling habit. It has small dark green leaves and large deep purplish blue gloxinia-like flowers which are white at the base. There is a pure white variety of it. It blooms all summer and autumn. It is readily raised from cuttings during the rainy season.
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T. Gibsonii, S. Moore. Sts. prostrate: lvs. about 1 in. long, triangular, glossy above: peduncles axillary, erect. 3 in. long: fls. solitary, about 1 1/4 in. across, yellow, each with a pair of inflated and united crimson-stained bracts. British E. Afr. B.M. 8604.— T. primulina, Hemsl. Perennial, silky hairy at first: lvs, rhomboid ovate, 1 1/2 – 2 1/2 in, long, with 1 small lobe on each side: fls. axillary, solitary, about 1 1/2 in. across, resembling the common primrose in shape and color. E. Trop. Afr. B.M. 7969.— T. Vogeliana, Benth. (Meyenia Vogeliana, Benth.). Erect: lvs. large, ovate or oblong, dark green; fls. about equaling those of T. erecta, deep bluish violet with yellowish throat: handsome summer-flowering species. Fernando Po, Afr. B.M. 5389.
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T. Gibsonii, S. Moore. Sts. prostrate: lvs. about 1 in. long, triangular, glossy above: peduncles axillary, erect. 3 in. long: fls. solitary, about 1 1/4 in. across, yellow, each with a pair of inflated and united crimson-stained bracts. British E. Afr. B.M. 8604.— T. primulina, Hemsl. Perennial, silky hairy at first: lvs, rhomboid ovate, 1 1/2 – 2 1/2 in, long, with 1 small lobe on each side: fls. axillary, solitary, about 1 1/2 in. across, resembling the common primrose in shape and color. E. Trop. Afr. B.M. 7969.— T. Vogeliana, Benth. (Meyenia Vogeliana, Benth.). Erect: lvs. large, ovate or oblong, dark green; fls. about equaling those of T. erecta, deep bluish violet with yellowish throat: handsome summer-flowering species. Fernando Po, Afr.  
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{{Taxobox
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==Cultivation==
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| color = lightgreen
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{{edit-cult}}<!--- Type cultivation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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| name = ''Thunbergia''
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| image = Thunbergia alata.JPG
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===Propagation===
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| image_width = 250px
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{{edit-prop}}<!--- Type propagation info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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| image_caption = Flowers of ''Thunbergia alata''
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| regnum = [[Plantae]]
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===Pests and diseases===
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
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{{edit-pests}}<!--- Type pest/disease info below this line, then delete this entire line -->
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
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| ordo = [[Lamiales]]
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==Species==
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| familia = [[Acanthaceae]]
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Species{{wp}}
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| genus = '''''Thunbergia''''' [[Retz.]]
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| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
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| subdivision =
   
''[[Thunbergia alata]]''<br/>
 
''[[Thunbergia alata]]''<br/>
 
''[[Thunbergia coccinea]]''<br/>
 
''[[Thunbergia coccinea]]''<br/>
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''[[Thunbergia laurifolia]]''<br/>
 
''[[Thunbergia laurifolia]]''<br/>
 
''[[Thunbergia mysorensis]]''
 
''[[Thunbergia mysorensis]]''
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}}
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'''''Thunbergia''''' is a [[genus]] of [[flowering plant]]s in the [[family (biology)|Family]] [[Acanthaceae]], native to tropical regions of [[Africa]], [[Madagascar]] and southern [[Asia]]. Its members are known by various names, including '''thunbergias'''; '''clockvine''' on its own usually refers to ''Thunbergia grandiflora'', while ''Thunbergia alata'' is often known as '''Black-eyed Susan vine''' or just '''Black-eyed Susan''' (not to be confused with other flowers called [[Black-eyed Susan (disambiguation)|Black-eyed Susan]]). Orange clockvine is the name of ''Thunbergia gregorii''.
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Thunbergia was named for [[Carl Peter Thunberg]].
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Thunbergias are vigorous annual or perennial [[vine]]s and [[shrub]]s growing to 2-8 m tall.
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Some are frequent garden escapes, becoming [[invasive species]]; they are regarded as environmental threats in [[Australia]], for example.
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==Gallery==
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==External Links==
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{{photo-sources}}<!-- remove this line if there are already 3 or more photos in the gallery  -->
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*[http://lakecounty.typepad.com/life_in_lake_county/2007/04/a_tale_of_two_s.html ''A Tale of Two Susans II''] non-scholarly essay on the etymology and history of Thunbergia as well as Carl Peter Thunberg
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<gallery>
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Image:Upload.png| photo 1
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Image:Upload.png| photo 2
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Image:Thunbergia mysorensis dsc03785.jpg|''Thunbergia mysorensis'' flowers
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Image:Thunbergia gregorii2.jpg|''Thunbergia gregorii''
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</gallery>
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==References==
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*[[Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture]], by L. H. Bailey, MacMillan Co., 1963
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<!--- xxxxx  *Flora: The Gardener's Bible, by Sean Hogan. Global Book Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0881925381  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *American Horticultural Society: A-Z Encyclopedia of Garden Plants, by Christopher Brickell, Judith D. Zuk. 1996. ISBN 0789419432  -->
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<!--- xxxxx  *Sunset National Garden Book. Sunset Books, Inc., 1997. ISBN 0376038608  -->
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[[Image:Thunbergia mysorensis dsc03785.jpg|thumb|left|''Thunbergia mysorensis'' flowers]]
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==External links==
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[[Image:Thunbergia gregorii2.jpg|thumb|left|''Thunbergia gregorii'']]
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*{{wplink}}
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{{stub}}
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[[Category:Categorize]]
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[[Category:Acanthaceae]]
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