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Deutzia (named by Thunberg in honor of his friend and patron,. Johann van der Deutz). Saxifragaceae. Very ornamental shrubs grown for their showy white or blush flowers appearing in spring or early summer.
Upright: lvs. deciduous, rarely persistent, opposite, petioled, serrate, usually with rough stellate pubescence: fls. in panicles, rarely in racemes or in corymbs, white, sometimes purplish, epigynous; calyx-teeth 5; petals 5; stamens 10, rarely more, shorter than the petals; filaments usually winged and toothed at the apex; styles 3-5, distinct: caps. 3-5-celled, with numerous minute seeds.—About 50 species in E. Asia and Himalayas and 1 in Mex. Monograph by Schneider in M.D. 1904:172-188, and a hort. monograph by Lemoine in J.H.F. 1902:298-314; see also Rehder in Sargent, Plant. Wilson. 1:14-24 for Chinese species.
The deutzias belong to our most beautiful and most popular ornamental shrubs; they are very floriferous and of easy cultivation. D. parviflora and D. grandiflora are the hardiest, and also D. gracilis, D. Sieboldiana and D. scabra are hardy as far north as Massachusetts; the recently introduced D. longifolia, D. Schneideriana, D. discolor, and D. Wilsonii have proved fairly hardy with slight protection or in sheltered positions at the Arnold Arboretum. One of the most tender is D. purpurascens. Of the hybrids, D. Lemoinei is the hardiest, while D. rosea has proved about as hardy as D. gracilis; D. kalmiaeflora, D. myriantha and others are tenderer. Most of the deutzias have white flowers, but D. rosea, D. purpurascens, D. longifolia, D. myriantha, D. kalmiaeflora and some varieties of D. scabra, have the flowers carmine outside or pinkish. They flower most profusely if pruned as little as possible, although an occasional thinning out of the old wood soon after flowering will be of advantage.
The deutzias thrive in almost any well-drained soil, and are well adapted for borders of shrubberies. Potted plants forced with a temperature not exceeding 50° develop into beautiful specimens for the decoration of greenhouses and conservatories, especially D. Lemoinei, D. gracilis and D. discolor. The same plants cannot be forced again. Propagate readily by greenwood and hardwood cuttings, also by seeds sown in pans or boxes in spring.
D. Brunoniana, R. Br.=D. staminea var. Brunoniana.—D. candelabrum, Rehd. (D. gracilis X D. Sieboldiana. D. gracilis var. candelabrum, Lemoine). Shrub with slender branches and large white fls. in dense elongated panicles. R.B. 33. p. 372. R.H. 1908, p. 174. M.D.G. 1907:378. Var. erecta, Rehd. (D. gracilis erecta, Lemoine). Fls. smaller and panicles shorter. Var. fastuosa, Rehd. (D. gracilis fastuosa, Lemoine). Fls. in elongated rather dense panicles.—D. candida, Rehd. (D. Lemoinei x p. Sieboldiana. D. discolor Candida, Lemoine). Upright shrub with large white fls. in panicles. M.D.G. 1907:376, fig. 6.—D. carnea, Rehd. (D. Sieboldiana X D. roaea grandiflora. D. discolor carnea, Lemoine). Upright shrub with pink rather small fls. in upright loose panicles. Var. lactea, Rehd., with white fls., var. stellata, Rehd., with narrow spreading petals, pale pink or carmine-pink, and var. densiflora, Rehd., with white fls. in dense upright panicles, petals narrow; all these varieties described by Lemoine as varieties of D. discolor.— D. compacta, Craib. Allied to D. parviflora. Lvs. lanceolate, sparingly pubescent on both sides, ¾-2 in. long: fls. white in dense corymbs; filaments strongly dentate. W. China.—D. corymbosa, R. Br. Allied to D. parviflora. Lvs. rounded at the base, crenate-serrate, long-acuminate: fls. larger; all filaments toothed. Himalayas.—D. discolor vars.—D. Candida, D. carnea, D. elegantissima, D. excellens.—D. elegantissima, Rehd. (D. purpurascens X D. Sieboldiana. D. discolor var. elegantissima, Lemoine). Shrub, with slender branches, with numerous corymbs of large white, open fls. slightly tinted with rose inside and outside. R.B. 36, p. 387. M.D.G. 1907:377, fig. 9. Var. arcuata, Rehd. (D. discolor var. arcuata, Lemoine), with white fls. Var. fasciculata, Rehd. (D. discolor var. fasciculata, Lemoine). Flat white fls. tinted with pink.—D. excellens, Rehd. (D. Vilmoriniana X D. rosea grandiflora. D. discolor var. excellens, Lemoine). Shrub, with slender upright branches, with large loose corymbs of pure white fls.—D. globosa, Duthie. Similar to D. Wilsonii, but smaller in every part: fls. creamy white in dense corymbs; filaments abruptly contracted below the apex. Cent. China.—D. glomeruliflora. Franch. Similar to D. discolor. Shrub, to 6 ft.: lvs. smaller, grayish white and soft-pubescent below: fls. white in dense and small, but very numerous corymbs along the slender branches; stamens like those of D. longifolia. W. China. Handsome and fairly hardy.—D. gracilis vars.=D. candelabrum.—D. mollis, Duthie. Allied to D. parviflora. Shrub, to 6 ft., with upright branches: lvs. elliptic-ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, soft-pubescent below, 2-4 in. long: fls. small, creamy white or slightly pinkish in dense flat corymbs; filaments subulate. Cent. China.—D. reflexa, Duthie. Allied to D. discolor. Lvs. oblong- lanceolate, 2-3 in. long: fls. smaller in loose corymbs, petals with reflexed margin; filaments with short teeth or abruptly contracted. Cent. China.—D. staminea, R. Br. Shrub, to 3 ft.: lvs. ovate or ovate-lanceolate, with whitish stellate pubescence beneath: corymbs many-fld.; fls. white, fragrant; filaments with large teeth. Himalayas. B.R. 33:13. Var. Brunoniana, Hook.f. & Thoms. Lvs. less densely pubescent: fls. larger. B.R. 26:5 (as D. corymbosa). Alfred Rehder.
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